(完整版)人教版英语八年级上册全册教材全解：人教版英语八年级上册Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation
中国电力科学研究院-甘肃有色冶金职业技术学院
人教版英语八年级上册
Unit 1 Where did you go on
vacation?
教材全解
【教材内容解析】
Section
A
1. Where did you go on vacation? (P. 1)
on vacation意为“在度假”，结构“on+名词”表示“在某种状态中”。
My
family went to Hainan on vacation last year.
2. ...visited my uncle (P. 1)
visit此处用作及物动
词，后接人或物做宾语，意为“拜访、看望”，后接表示地点的名词，意为“参
观、游览”。
I visited my grandmother last week.
Do you
want to visit Shanghai?
3. ...go with anyone?
(P. 2)
(1) anyone用作不定代词，意为“有人、任何人”，相当于anybody，
用于疑问句和否定句中，在肯定
句中用someone或者somebody。但是anyone也可以
用在肯定句中，表示“任何一个人”。
Did you meet anyone friendly
in that city?
Anyone can be helpful in some
way.
(2) anyone只能指人，不可以指物，后面不接of短语；any
one既可以指人也可以指物，后可接of短
语。
Anyone in my class
knows any one of the singers and any one of their
sons.
4. ...buy anything special? (P. 2)
(1) buy用作双宾语动词，表示“买”，常用的结构为“buy sb.
sth.”或者“buy sth. for sb.”，表示“为
某人买某物”。
My
father bought me a bike.=My father bought a bike
for me.
【拓展】可接双宾语的动词还有give, bring, show, tell,
sell等。
give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物
第 1 页 共 11 页
bring sb.
sth.=bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人
show sb.
sth.=show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物
tell sb.
sth.=tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某物
sell sb.
sth.=sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人
(2)
形容词修饰复合不定代词（somethingbodyone, anythingbodyone,
nothingbodyone,
everythingbodyone）时，放在复合不定代词后面。
I have
something important to tell you.
5. We took
quite a few photos there. (P. 2)
take
photos意为“拍照、照相”，take a photophotos of .意为“给……拍照”。
We took many photos on the Great Wall.
Could you take a photo of us?
6. I just
stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.
(P. 2)
most of表示“……中大多数”，后接可数名词或者不可数名词，作主语时，谓语
动词单复数取决于后
面所接名词的单复数。
Most of the food goes
bad.
Most of us are going to the park.
7.
No, I bought nothing. (P. 3)
nothing用作不定代词，表示“没有任何东西”，相当于not anything。
I did nothing special last month.=I didn’t do
anything special last month.
8. Did everyone
have a good time? (P. 3)
have a good
time表示“玩得开心”，后接动词ing，表示“做某事很开心”，have a good
time相当于enjoy
oneselfhave fun。
We had a
good time at the party.
=We enjoyed ourselves
at the party.
=We had fun at the party.
I
had a good time playing with my friends on the
playground.
9. How did you like it? (P. 3)
How do you like...?意为“你认为……怎么样”，相当于How do you
feel about...?或者What do you think
of...?
-How do you like the film?
第 2 页 共 11
页
-Wonderful.
10. Did you go
shopping? (P. 3)
go shopping表示“去购物、去买东西”，相当于do
some shopping。类似的短语还有：go swimming, go
skating,
go fishing, go hiking, go boating, go camping等。
I went shopping and bought something for my
parents.
11. Of course! (P. 3)
of
course意为“当然”，相当于sure或者certainly。
-May I borrow
your dictionary?
-Of course!
12. Still no
one seemed to be bored. (P. 3)
(1)
seem用作系动词，表示“似乎、好像”，常用的结构有：seem+ bethat+句子。
The story seems true.
What he said seemed
to be a lie.
It seems that they are going to
pull down the house.
(2) bored表示“感到厌倦的”，用来说明人的
感受；boring表示“令人厌烦的、单调的”，用来说明事
物的特征。
The film
was so boring that almost anyone felt bored.
【
拓展】以ed结尾的形容词，通常用来修饰或者描述人，以ing结尾的动词，通常用来修饰或者描
述物
，类似的形容词还有：interestinginterested; excitingexcited;
surprisingsurprised。
Section B
1. What
activities do you find enjoyable? (P. 5)
(1)
find这里表示“发现、觉得”，宾语后常接宾语补足语，常用的结构有：find +
sth.
介词短语。
The students find her a kind
teacher.
I find the book useful.
When I
passed his house,I found his wife cooking.
Finally, they found the boy in the tree.
(2) enjoyable是enjoy的形容词形式，表示“有趣的、令人愉快的”。
I’m sure that we will have an enjoyable
vacation.
The job is enjoyable and I like it.
第 3 页 共 11 页
2. I arrived in
Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.
(P. 5)
arrive作不及物动词，表示“到达”，接宾语时，需要加上介词in或者at。
例如：
When did you arrive?
We are
arriving at the station at two o’clock.
【拓展】re
ach表示“到达”时，是及物动词，后面直接接表示地点的名词作宾语。另外两个表示“到
达”的动词
（get和arrive）都是不及物动词，get to+地点；arrive inat+地点。
3. ...so we decided to go to the beach near
our hotel. (P. 5)
decide表示“决定”时，常用的结构为：decide
to do sth.“决定做某事”。
The government decided to
build another school in this village.
4. My
sister and I tried paragliding. (P. 5)
try
doing sth. “尝试做某事”；try to do sth. “尽力做某事”。
The
doctor tries to save the sick girl.
The boy
tried playing the piano.
【拓展】try也可以用作名词，表示“尝试”，have a try表示“尝试一下”。
I’m going to have a try.
5. I felt like I
was a bird. (P. 5)
feel like此处表示“感觉像”，后接从句。
He feels like he is swimming.
【拓展】feel
like还可以表示“想要”，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语，feel like doing
sth.=would like
to do sth.=want to do sth.
Do you feel like going out for a walk with me?
=Would you like to go out for a walk with me?
=Do you want to go out for a walk with me?
6. There are a lot of new buildings now...(P.
5)
a lot of相当于lots
of表示“许多”，可以用来修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词。
There is a lot
of rain in summer in this place.
【拓展】
只修饰不可数名词的量词有：a little, little, a great deal
of, much, too much
只修饰可数名词的量词有：a few, few,
several, many, too many, a number of
第 4
页 共 11 页
既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的量词有：some,
any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of
7. I wonder
what life was like here in th past. (P. 5)
wonder表示“好奇、想知道”，后接whetherif, what, who,
why等引导宾语从句。
I wonder what they are doing now.
I wonder if you can help me.
8. I really
enjoyed walking around the town. (P. 5)
enjoy用作及物动词，表示“喜欢”，后接名词、代词或者动名词做宾语。
Do you
enjoy music?
I don’t enjoy sleeping with the
window open.
9. What a difference a day makes!
(P. 5)
本句是what引导的感叹句，what引导的感叹句常用的结构有：“What+aa
n+形容词+单数可数名词+
主语+谓语”或者“What+形容词+可数名词复数不可数名词+主语+
谓语”。
What a beautiful flower!
What
interesting books these are!
What heavy snow
it is!
【拓展】how引导的感叹句的结构为“How+形容词副词+主语+谓语”。
How beautiful the bird is!
How fast Mary
runs!
10. We wanted to walk up to the top, but
then it started raining a little so we decided to
take the train. (P. 5)
(1)
want表示“想要”时，为及物动词，后接不定式作宾语或者用于句型“want sb. to do
sth.”中，表
示“想要某人做某事”。
They don’t want to
throw away the old furniture.
She wants her
parents to pay for the car.
(2)
start后常接名词、动词不定式或者动名词作宾语，用法相当于begin。
When
shall we start the meeting?
Let’s start
discussingto discuss about the next problem.
11. We waited over an hour for the train
because there are too many people. (P. 5)
(1)
wait for .“等待某人或者某事”；wait to do sth.“等待做某事”；can’t
wait to do sth.“迫不及
待做某事”
第 5 页 共 11 页
We are waiting for the result of the
exam.
All the passengers are waiting to get on
the bus.
The children can’t wait to rush out
after the class is over.
(2)
over此处表示“多于、超过”，相当于more than。
My father is
over 40 years old.
(3) too much, much too和too
many辨析
too much
太多（的）
much too
too
many
太
太多的
用作形容词，修饰不可数名词
用作副词，修饰动词
用作副词，修饰形容词和副词
I have too much homework to
do.
Don’t eat too much.
The picture is
much too beautiful.
用作形容词，修饰可数名词复数
The
little boy has too many questions to ask.
12.
And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see
anything below. (P. 5)
(1) because of意为“因为、由于”
，后接名词、代词或者动名词，because是连词，引导原因状语从句，
后接一个句子。
He is late for school because of the bad
weather.
=He is late for school because the
weather is bad.
(2)
below表示“在……以下、低于”，反义词是above，意为“在……之上，超过”。
It
was five degrees below zero last night.
13. My
father didn’t bring enough money...(P. 5)
(1)
bring表示“带来”，强调从别的地方带到说话的地方，常与副词here连用；take表示“带
走”，
强调从说话的地方带去别的地方，常与副词there连用；carry表示“搬、抬”，没有方
向性。
The students brought their homework to
school in the morning and take them home after
school.
(2)
enough可以用作形容词，表示“足够的、充分的”，用来修饰
名词，可以放在名词前面，也可以
放在名词后面。
The rich man has
enough money.
=The rich man has money enough.
【拓展】enough还可以用作副词，修饰形容词或者副词，放在形容词或者副词后面，常用的结构为
：
be +adj.+enough+to do sth.“足够……能够做某事”。
The boy is old enough to go to school.
The
father works hard enough for his family.
14.
Well, but the next day was not as good. (P. 5)
第 6 页 共 11 页
当我们要表示双方某方面(如年龄、身
高等)程度相同或不同时，常用as…as或not
as…as结构，表示
“和……一样”或“和……不一样”。如：
Mary is as
careful as Linda．玛丽和琳达一样仔细。
He does not run
as fast as Tom．他跑步没有汤姆快。
15. ...because we
forgot to bring an umbrella. (P. 6)
forget to
do sth.“忘记做某事”，强调忘记去做某事，实际上也没有做；forget doing
sth.“忘记做过某
事”，强调已经做过某事，但是忘记了。
He forgot to
take the message to his friend.
Don’t forget
to lock the door when you leave.
Don’t you
forget meeting me in the street yesterday?
16.
Why not? (P. 8)
why
not意为“为什么”，表示提出建议，后接动词原形，相当于why don’t you...?
Why not go to the party with me?
=Why
don’t you go to the party with me?
17.
Everyone in our class took a bag with some food
and water. (P. 8)
with此处表示“具有、带有”，还可以表示“和……在一起”或者“用”。
I
often go to school with my friends.
Cut the
apple with a knife.
18. My legs were so tired
that I wanted to stop. (P. 8)
so...that...意为“如
此……以至于……”，用来引导结果状语从句，so是副词，后面接形
容词或者副词。
Our
school is so beautiful that everyone likes it.
He runs so fast that no one can catch up with
him.
【拓展】such...that...引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，
such后面接名词短语，名词
前经常跟有形容词进行修饰。
He is such a
smart boy that we all like him.
They are such
experienced workers that they will solve the
problem soon.
第 7 页 共 11 页
19.
My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on.
(P. 8)
(1) tell sb. to do sth.“告诉某人做某事”，tell
sb. not to do sth.“告诉某人不要做某事”。
The teacher
told us to clean the windows.
I told him not
to draw on the wall.
(2) keep doing
sth.表示“继续做某事、一直做某事”
She kept watching TV for
two hours last night.
(3) go on表示“继续”，go on to
do sth.表示“（完成一件事后）接着做另一件事”，go on doing on
with sth.意为“继续做同一件事”。
She went on to
become a doctor.
You can’t go on working
without any rest.
We will go on with the
discussion tomorrow.
20. Everyone jumped up
and down in excitement. (P. 8)
up and
down表示“上上下下、来来回回”。
They looked up and down.
He walks up and down in the room.
21.
Twenty minutes later, the sun started to come up.
(P. 8)
come up意为“升起、发生”。
It gets hot after
the sun has come up.
Please let me know if
anything comes up.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
一、重点短语
on vacation去度假
at home待在家里
to
the mountains去爬山
to the beach去海滩
museums 参观博物馆
to summer camp去参加夏令营
a
few相当多
for tests为测验而学习
out出去
第 8 页 共 11 页
of the time大部分时间
a good time doing=have fun doing =enjoy
oneself玩得高兴
course=sure =certainly当然
like给……的感觉；感受到
shopping去购物
the past在过去
around四处走走
e of 因为
18. aone bowl of… 一碗……
19. the next
day第二天
tea喝茶
out找出；查明
on继续
photos照相
ing
important重要的事
and down上上下下
up出来
out 出版发行
out with anyone 跟别人出去
about 发表对…看法
hard 雨下得大
much 太多
二、重点句型
sth. for sb. buy sb. sth.为某人买某物
looksoundsmell good. 尝起来看起来听起来闻起来不错
g…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有
+（to be）+ adj.
看起来……
in+大地点 arrive at+小地点 get to +地点reach
+地点 到达某地
to do sth.决定去做某事
doing
sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事
doing
sth.忘记做过某事 forget to do sth.忘记做某事
第 9 页 共
11 页
doing sth.喜欢做某事
10. want
to do sth.想去做某事
doing sth.开始做某事
doing
sth. 停止做某事
e doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
doing sth.继续做某事 keep on doing sth 不停做某事
not do. sth.=why don’t you do sth为什么不做……呢？
+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于……
sb. (not) to do
sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事
+名词，形容词+enough
really
真的没有
to do sth 似乎好像做某事
for now!到这该说再见了。
do you like …=What do you think of…=What do
you think about… 你认为……怎么样
【语法讲解】
一 复合不定代词
1、由some, any, no, every加上one, body,
thing构成不定代词，成为复合不定代词。
some
any
every
no
2、用法
（1）复合不定代词相当于名词，在句中可以用作主语、宾语和表语。
Someone is
knocking at the door.
I don’t have anything to
say today.
Money isn’t everything.
（2）复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式修饰时，形容词和动词不定式后置。
I have
something important to tell you.
There is
nothing wrong with the radio.
（3）复合不定代词做主语时，表示单数概念，谓语动词用单词形式。
第 10
页 共 11 页
one
someone
anyone
everyone
no one
body
somebody
anybody
everybody
nobody
thing
something
anything
everything
nothing
Everything begins to grow
in spring.
（4）some-
不定代词用在肯定句中或者表示请求的一般疑问句中；any-不定代词多用于疑问句中否定
句中。
Will you ask someone to carry the box for me?
Would you like something to drink?
（5）anyone和anything也可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何人”和“任何事”。
Anyone can do it.
I can do anything for
you.
二 一般过去时的规则动词和不规则动词
（一）规则变化
构成规则：
在动词末尾直接加-ed . 例如，work -worked , look -looked ,
play –played
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d . 例如，live
–lived , hope –hoped , use –used
以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i再加-ed . 例如，study –studied ,
carry –carried , worry –worried
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-ed . 例如，stop
–stopped ,
plan–planned
（二）不规则变化
1.
没有变化，即：与动词原形一样。例如，cut –cut , put –put , read –read
2. 变化元音，例如，write- wrote , know –knew , come
–came
3. 变化辅音，例如，make –made , spend –spent ,
send –sent
4. 辅音和元音都变化，例如，leave –left , teach
–taught , think –thought
5. 其他情况，例如，is –was ,
are –were , have –had
第 11 页 共
11 页