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普通高中课程标准实验教科书《英语》电子课本
Book 3
Unit 1
Festivals around the world
B3U1P1-3
FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
Ancient
Festivals
Festivals and celebrations of all
kinds are held everywhere. The most ancient
festivals would celebrate
the end of the cold
weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn.
Other celebrations were held
when hunters
could catch animals. They would starve if food was
difficult to find, so they celebrated
when
they had food. They lit fires and made music
because they thought these festivals would bring a
year of plenty.
Festivals of the Dead
Some festivals are held to honour the dead, or
satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return
either to help or to do harm. In Japan the
festival is called Obon, when people should go to
clean the
graves and light incense in memory
of their ancestors. They light lamps and play
music because they
think that this will lead
the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico they have
the Day of the Dead in early
November. On this
important feast day, people might eat food in
shape of skulls, and cakes with
“bones” on
them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the
dead. The festival of Halloween had its
origin
as an event in memory of the dead. It is now a
children’s festival, when they can go to their
neighbours’ homes and ask for sweets. They
dress up and try to frighten people. If they are
not
given anything, the children might play a
trick.
Festivals to Honour People
Festivals can be held as an honour to famous
people or to the gods. One of these is the Dragon
Boat
Festival in China, which honours the
famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. Another is Columbus
Day in the
USA, in memory of the arrival of
Christopher Columbus in America. In India there is
a national
festival on October 2 to honour
Mahatma Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s
independence
from Britain.
Harvest
Festivals
Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals
can be very happy events. People are grateful
because their food is
gathered for the winter
,and because a season of agricultural work is
over. In European countries it is
the custom
to decorate churches and town halls with flowers
and fruit, and people get together to
have
meals. Some people might win awards for their
animals, flowers, fruits and vegetables, like the
biggest watermelon or the most handsome
rooster. In China and Japan there are mid-autumn
festivals,
when people admire the moon and
give gift of mooncakes.
Spring Festivals
The most energetic and important festivals are
the ones that look forward to the end of winter
and to
the coming of spring. At the Spring
Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and
meat, and may
give children lucky money in the
red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals,
and families
celebrate the lunar New
Year together. In some Western countries there are
very exciting carnivals,
which take place
forty days before Easter, usually in February.
They might include parades, dancing in
the
streets day and night, loud music and colourful
clothing of all kinds. Easter is an important
religious and social festival in Christian
countries. It celebrates the return of Jesus for
Christians and it
also celebrates the coming
of spring. In Japan, the Cherry Blossom Festival
happens a little later. The
country is covered
with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as
though it might be covered with pink
snow.
People love to get together to eat, drink and
have fun with each others. Festivals let us enjoy
life, be
proud of our customs and forget our
daily life for a little while.
B3U1P4
We think it has always been the custom for
people to have festivals. They are a time to enjoy
each
other’s company and have fun with our
friends. We think that long ago people looked
forward to
the celebrations. Our ancestors
would sit round a fire and cook plenty of meat to
eat. Then they
would be satisfied with their
festival.
B3U1P7
A SAD LOVE STORY
Li Fang was heart-broken. It was Valentine’s
Day and Hu Jin had said she would meet him at the
coffee shop after work. But she didn’t turn
up. She could be with her friends right now
laughing at
him. She said she would be there
at seven o’clock, and he thought she would keep
her word. He
had looked forward to meeting her
all day, and now he was alone with his roses and
chocolates, like a
fool. Well, he was not
going to hold his breath for her apologise. He
would drown his sadness in
coffee.
It
was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop
was waiting for Li Fang to leave-he wiped the
tables, then sat down and turned on the
TV-just what Li Fang needed! A sad Chinese story
about
lost love.
The seventh daughter of
the Goddess of Heaven visited the earth. Her name
was Zhinu, the
weaving girl, and she was the
most lovely of the daughters. While she was on
earth she met the herd
boy Niulang and they
fell in love. (“Just like me and Hu Jin, ”thought
Li Fang.) They got married
secretly, and they
were very happy. (“We could be like that, ”
thought Li Fang.) When the Goddess
of Heaven
knew that her daughter was married to a human, she
became very angry and made the
weaving girl
return to Heaven. Niulang tried to follow her, but
the river of stars, the Milky Way,
stopped
him. Finding that Zhinu was heart-broken, her
mother finally decided to let the couple cross
the Milky Way to meet once a year. This
happens when the stars Vega and Altair meet in the
Heaven.
Magpies make a bridge of their wings
so the couple can cross the river to meet on the
seventh lunar
month. people in China hope that
the weather will be fine on that day, because if
it is raining, it means
that Zhinu is weeping
and the couple won’t be able to meet.
The
announcer said, “this is the story of Qiqiaojie.
When foreigners hear about the story, they
call it a Chinese Valentine’s story. It’s a
fine day today, so I hope you can all meet the one
you
love.’’
As Li Fang set off for
home, he thought, “I guess Hu Jin doesn’t love me.
I’ll just throw
these flowers and chocolates
away. I don’t want them to remind me of her.’’ So
he did.
As he sadly passed the tea
shop on the corner on his way home, he heard a
voice calling him.
There was Hu Jin waving at
him and calling, “Why are you so late? I’ve been
waiting for you for a
long time! And I have a
gift for you!”
What would he do? He had
thrown away her Valentine gifts! She would never
forgive him. This
would not be a happy
Valentine’s Day!
B3U1P44&45
Winter
carnival in Quebec
We are sitting in a café in
old Quebec, drinking hot coffee to try to warm up.
The temperature is 32
degrees below freezing.
The windows are covered with steam from the heat
inside. Outside, the snow
covers the streets
and is piled up along the sidewalks and in parking
lots. The music and lights of the
carnival
continue, but we have been watching the parades,
riding in horse carriages and listening to
the
music all day. Our feet are freezing and our noses
are red.
Quebec carnival is the biggest winter
festival in the world – every year, hundreds of
thousands
of people come to Quebec to take
part in a week of activities. If you come, you
must be prepared to
keep moving, as it is too
cold to stand and watch for long.
Early in the
morning, you can watch the snowboarding
competitions on the hill overlooking the river.
The competitions speed down the track and
through the air though they could fly.
If you
are brave enough, you can try the canoe race. Five
or six men paddle in each canoe across
the
great St Lawrence River, which is partly frozen.
Of course, the river is full of big pieces of ice,
and
if you were to fall in, you would freeze
in less than two minutes.
One of the favourite
events is the dog-sled race, in which teams of
about 6 Husky dogs pull long
sleds at great
speeds along a snowy track. One person runs behind
the sled, shouting to the dogs to
encourage
them. The sound of the dogs barking, the calls of
the drivers and the shouts of the crowd
make
an exciting Northern experience. The dogs are
beautiful strong animals, with long, thick fur.
Many of them have blue eyes.
After
admiring the ice sculptures everywhere in the
city, much like those in Harbin in China, you
can have a cup of tae or coffee in an igloo.
It is amazing how warm these ice houses can be!
Late in the evening, you can go to the snow
palace, where Bonhomme the snowman is king, and
join the crowd. You can dance outside to the
music of a band, who are all dressed in heavy
clothes –
even some of their instruments are
dressed up for winter.
Finally we sit down in
our café to warm up and to plan tomorrow – perhaps
we’ll join the
snowmobile races – or perhaps
we’ll just sleep in.
Book 3 Unit 2 Healthy
eating
B3U2P10
COME AND EAT HERE (1)
Wang Peiwei sat in his empty restaurant
feeling very frustrated. It had been a very
strange
morning. Usually he got up early and
prepared his menu of mutton kebabs, roast pork and
fried rice.
Then by lunchtime they would all
be sold. His restaurant ought to be full of
people. But not today!
Why was it so? What
could have happened? He thought of his mutton
kebabs and fatty pork cooked
in the
hottest, finest oil. His fried rice was hot but
did not taste of fat. His cola was sugary and cold
and his ice cream was made of eggs, milk,
cream and fruit. “Nothing could have been better,”
he
thought. Suddenly he saw his friend Li
Maochang hurrying by. “Hello, Maochang,”he called,
“Your usual?” But Maochang seemed not to hear.
What was the matter? Something terrible must
have happened if Maochang was not coming to
eat with him as he always did.
Pengwei
followed Li Maochang into a newly-opened small
restaurant at the end of the street.
There was
a sign in the window.
Tired of all that fat?
Want to be thinner?
Come inside to Yong Hui’s
slimming restaurant.
Only slimming foods
served here.
Make yourself thin again.
Curiosity drove Wang Pengwei inside. It was
full of people. A very thin lady came forward.
“Welcome!” she said, “My name is Yong Hui.I
will take all that fat off you in two weeks if you
eat
here every day.” Then she gave a menu to
Wang Peiwei. There were only two kinds of food and
one
drink on it: raw vegetables, fruit and
water. Wang Peiwei was amazed at this and
especially at the
prices. It cost more than a
good meal in his own restaurant. He could not
believe his eyes! He threw
away the menu and
hurried outside. On his way home he thought about
his own menu. Did it make
people fat? He
wondered if he should go to the library to find
out. He couldn’t have Yong Hui
getting away
with telling people lies! He had better do some
research!
After reading, he realised what was
wrong with Yong Hui’s restaurant. It was not
giving its
customers energy-giving food! After
eating in her restaurant people would become tired
very quickly.
Perhaps this was a way to win
his customers back! Peng Wei wrote his own sign.
It said:
Want to feel fit?
Come and eat
here!
Our food gives you energy all day!
The competition between the two restaurants
was on!
B3U2P12
Daisy wished to
be ___so that she could wear all the latest, cool
clothes designed for the young.
She decided to
do some ___into what foods should be eaten to
become thinner. She learned that
one of the
___of not eating enough was to become very tired
quickly. When she went to the
doctor, he told
her she could be thinner as well as healthy if she
ate more vegetables like beans,__
_ and ___.So
she did. She felt very fit when she started eating
more ___ foods as well as
her usual
energy–giving foods. She even began to enjoy
eating all the vegetables___ rather than
cooked. She soon looked like a model!
B3U2P14&P15
COME AND EAT HERE (2)
The
next day Wang Pengwei’s restaurant was nearly full
and he felt happier. Perhaps he would be
able
to earn his living after all and not have to close
his restaurant. He did not look forward to being
in debt because his restaurant was no longer
popular. He smiled .But the smile left his face
when he
saw Yong Hui walking in. She did not
look happy but glared at him as she moved round
the
customers. “May I ask what you were doing
in my restaurant yesterday? I thought you were a
new
customer and now I find you came
only to spy on me and my menu,” she shouted.
“Please excuse
me,” he calmly explained,“I
wanted to know where all my customers had gone
yesterday. I followed
one of them and found
them in your restaurant. I don’t want to upset you
but I found your menu
so limited that I
stopped worrying and started advertising the
benefits of my food. Why don’t you
sit down
and try a meal?”
Yong Hui agreed to stay
and soon they were both enjoying the dumplings,
fatty pork and cola.
When they were served the
ice cream Yong Hui began to look ill. “I feel sick
with all this fat and
heavy food,”she said,“I
miss my vegetables and fruit.”Wang Pengwei was
just enjoying a second plate
of dumplings so
he sighed.“yes,”he added,“and I would miss my
dumplings and fatty pork. But
don’t you tired
quickly?” “Well, now you mention it. I do have to
rest a lot, ”
admitted Yong Hui. “But don’t
you think it would be better if you were a bit
thinner?” she asked
Wang Pengwei. “I’m sure
you would feel much healthier.”
They began
chatting about menus and balanced diets. “My
research has shown me that neither
your
restaurant nor mine offers a balanced
diet,”explained Pengwei,“I don’t offer enough
fibre and
you don’t offer enough body–building
or energy–giving foods. Perhaps we ought to
combine our
menus and provide a balanced menu
with foods full of energy and fibre. ”So that is
what they
did ,They served raw vegetables with
the hamburgers and boiled the potatoes rather than
fried
them .Then they served fresh fruit with
ice cream. In this way they cut down the fat and
increased the
fibre in the meal. Their
balanced menus became such a success that before
long Wang Pengwei
became slimmer and Yong Hui
heavier. After some time the found that their
business cooperation
had turned into a
personal one .Finally they got married and lived
happily ever after!
B3U2P52-53
THE TOWN HAS TO DECIDE
(At the meeting
that evening there are two speakers: one for and
one against building a McDonald’s
restaurant.)
FOR BUILDING A MCDONALD’S
I was excited
when I heard that our community(社区) was to have
its own McDonald’s restaurant. I
thought about
all those young people who would not have to go to
the next town to buy their
favourite burgers
and chips. McDonald’s cares about healthy eating
too and works with scientists to
provide food
that is of high quality,safe and healthy. It is
also cheap .They often provide salads as well
as burgers and chips. You can also choose
between cola and milk shakes(奶昔). Of course it
also
means more work for our area that needs
jobs badly. McDonald’s say they are interested in
doing
what is right for the community and
being a good neighbour. So I think they will be
concerned about
providing parking for the cars
in our main street. Many of our young people will
be only too happy to
work for it. They make a
promise to the people that work for them. They
say,“We value you, your
growing skills and
your help to the company.”I can see nothing but
good if this company comes to
build its
restaurant in our town.
AGAINST BUILDING A
MCDONALD’S
I am very worried about McDonald’s
building a restaurant in our hometown. We are a
small
community and we enjoy our local dishes.
I am not sure if McDonald’s food is as healthy as
they
say in their advertisements. When
scientists look at it carefully they find high
levels of fat, sugar and
salt. This is very
worrying. Too many young people are getting fat
through eating too much fatty food.
McDonald’s
is not giving young people a good idea of what a
healthy diet should be. Local Chinese
food ,on the other hand, is full of
fresh vegetables and fresh meat and fish. The food
at a
McDonald’s restaurant is always the same
so I wonder if it is made or brought in from
elsewhere.
Although it is freshly cooked ,it
must be less healthy than our own locally grown
and cooked Chinese
food.
I also worry
about all those cars bringing people to buy food
in McDonald’s. First, there would
be petrol
fumes(气体),which would make our clean air dirty.
Second, there’s the problem of all
those cars
that try to park and prevent other cars from
moving quickly through our town. Third, what
will happen to all the food containers if
people decide to eat on the side of the road just
out of town?
Will they just throw them on the
ground?
I’m sure many young people would be
happy to work for McDonald’s but will they be
treated
fairly(公平地)?In American, McDonald’s
does not allow Unions to operate in its
restaurants and
these are people who speak up
for the workers. If ,as they say, the workers are
happy with them why
should they fear some
workers joining a Union?
So when I consider
the food, the cars and the jobs, I think we should
not allow McDonald’s to
build their restaurant
in our town.
Book 3 Unit 3 The Million Pound
Bank-note
B3U3P17-18
ACT ONE
Note: Scenes 1 and 2 are provided in the
Teacher’s Book.
Scene 3
NARRATOR Now
ladies and gentlemen , you’re about to hear the
most incredible tale. It is the
summer of
1903, and Henry Adams, an American business, has
had some very bad luck. He is lost in
London.
He has no money and does not know what he should
do. Walking down the street, he hears
someone
calling him.
RODERICK Young man, would you
step inside a moment, please?
HENRY Who?
Me, sir?
RODERICK Yes, you.
OLIVER
Through the front door on your left.
HENRY
(a servant opens the door for him) Thanks.
SERVANT Good morning, sir, would you please
come in? Permit meto lead the way ,sir.
OLIVER
Thank you, James. That will be all.
RODERICK
How do you do, Mister-er-?
HENRY Adams,
Henry Adams.
OLIVER Come and sit down, Mr
Adams.
HENRY Thank you.
RODERICK
You’re an American?
HENRY That’s right,
from San Francisco.
RODERICK How well do you
know London
HENRY Not at all. It’s my
first trip here.
RODERICK I wonder, Mr Adams,
if you’d mind us asking a few questions.
HENRY Go right ahead.
RODERICK
May we ask what you’re doing in this country and
what your plans are?
HENRY Well, I can’t
say that I have any plans. I’m hoping to find
work. As a matter of fact,
I landed in Britian
by accident.
OLIVER How is that possible?
HENRY Well, you see, back home I had my
own boat. About a month ago I was sailing out of
the bay-(his eyes stare at what is left of the
brother’s dinner on the table)
RODERICK Well,
go on.
HENRY Oh, yes. Well, towards
nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a
strong wind. I
did not know whether I could
survive until morning. The next morning I’d just
about given myself
up for lost when I was
spotted by a ship.
OLIVER And it was the
ship that bought you to England.
HENRY I
earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand,
which accounts for my
appearance. (the
brothers smile at each other)
RODERICK Well,
you mustn’t worry about that. It’s an advantage.
HENRY I’m afraid I don’t quite follow
you, sir.
RODERICK Tell us, Mr Adams, what
sort of work did you do in America?
HENRY
I worked for a mining company. Could you offer me
some kind of work here?
RODERICK Patience, Mr
Adams. If you don’t mind, may I ask you how much
money you have?
HENRY Well, to be
honest, I have none.
OLIVER (happily) What
luck! Brother, what luck!(claps his hands
together)
HENRY Well, it may seem lucky
to you but not to me. If this is your idea of some
kind of
joke, I don’t think it’s very funny.
(Henry stands up to leave)Now, if you’ll excuse
me, I think
I’ll be on my way.
RODERICK
Please don’t go, Mr mustn’t think we don’t care
about you. Oliver,
give him the letter.
OLIVER Yes, the letter.(gets it from a
desk and gives it to Henry like a gift) The
letter.
HENRY (taking it carefully) For
me?
RODERICK For you. (Henry starts to open
to it) Oh, no, you mustn’t open it. Not yet. You
can’t open it until two two o’clock.
HENRY
Oh, this is silly.
RODERICK Not silly.
There’s money in it. (calls to the servant) James.
HENRY Oh, no, I don’t want your charity. I
just want an honest job.
RODERICK We know
you’re hard-working. That’s why we’ve given you
the letter. James,
show Mr Adams out.
OLIVER Good luck, Mr Adams.
HENRY
Well, why don’t you explain what this is all
about?
RODERICK You’ll soon know. In exactly
an hour and a half.
SERVANT This way, sir.
RODERICK Mr Adams, not until 2 o’clock.
Promise?
HENRY Promise. Good-bye.
B3U3p20
One day my uncle told me a
about a man who made a that he would be
able to
walk to the foot of a mountain
by .The mountain was over 100 kilometres away
from his home
so people were happy to take the
bet because they thought it was that
anybody could walk
so far in one day. But they
did not realise that the man had a plan ready. He
got his
to drive a large truck which
would meet him on the road as if . The truck
would give the man
a ride and he would
continue to pretend to walk as the truck moved
along. In this way the man made
his at
the foot of the mountain before nightfall and he
won his bet. He said he had walked all
the way
though not always on the road!
B3U3P21&22
Reading and acting
Act one, Scene 4
(Outside a restaurant Henry looks at the
envelope with the letter and decides to go in. He
sits down at
a table next to the front
windows.)
OWNER (seeing Henry’s poor
appearance)
That’s one’s reserved.
This way, please.
(to the waiter)
take this gentleman’s order, Horace.
HENRY
(after sitting down and putting the letter on the
table) I’d like some ham and eggs
and a nice
big steak. And make it extra thick.
WAITER
it’ll cost a tiny bit.
HENRY I understand.
And I’ll have a nice glass of beer. (the waiter
leaves foe the kitchen)
HOSTESS my goodness!
He eats like a wolf.
OWNER we’ll see if he’s
clever as a wolf, eh?
HENRY (having just
finished every bit of food) Ah, waiter. (waiter
returns) same things again,
please. Oh, and
another beer.
WAITER Again, everything?
HENRY Yes, that’s right. (sees the look on
the waiter’s face) Anything wrong?
WAITER
(to the restaurant owner) He’s asked for more of
the same.
OWNER it is well-known that many
Americans like to eat a lot. Well, we have to take
a chance.
Go ahead and let him have it.
WAITER (reading the bill after the meal) all
right. That’s two orders of ham and eggs, two
extra thick steaks, two tall glasses of beer,
two cups of coffee and two desserts.
HENRY
would you mind waiting just a few minutes?
WAITER (in a rude manner) what’s there to
wait for?
OWNER all right, Horace, I’ll take
care of this.
HENRY (to owner) That was a
wonderful meal. It’s amazing how much pleasure you
get out
of the simple things in life,
especially if you can’t have them for a while.
OWNER Yes, very interesting. Now perhaps if
you pay the bill I can help the other customers.
HENRY (looking at the clock on the wall) Well,
I see it’s two o’clock. (he opens the letter
and holds a million pound bank-note in his
hands. Henry is surprised but the owner
and
the waiter are shocked, and nervous) I’m very
sorry. But … I ... I … I don’t
have anything
smaller.
OWNER (still shocked and nervous)
Well, er- er-just one moment. Maggie, look! (the
hostess
HOSTESS
OWNER
CLEMENS
OWNER
CLEMENS
HOSTESS
CLEMENS
OWNER
HOSTESS
him at once!
OWNER
I’m so sorry, sir, so sorry, but I cannot change
this bank-note.
HENRY But it’s all I have on
me.
OWNER Oh, please, don’t worry, sir.
Doesn’t matter at all. We are so very glad that
you
even entered our little eating place.
Indeed, sir, I trust that you’ll come here
whenever you like.
HENRY Well, that’s
very kind of you.
OWNER Kind, sir? No, it’s
kind of you, sir. You must come whenever you want
and have
whatever you like. Just having you
sit here is a great honour!
HENRY I may not
return for some time.
OWNER It would be wrong
of me not trust a gentleman such as yourself, sir,
(now the other
customs are watching them) even
if you do dress in a rather unusual way. As for
the
bill, sir, please forget it.
HENRY
Forget it? Well … thank you very much. That’s very
nice of you.
OWNER Oh, it’s for us to thank
you, sir and I do, sir, from my heart. (the owner,
hostess and
waiter all bow together as Henry
leaves)
B3U3P23
screams, the other
customs look at her and she put a hand to her
mouth).
oh, dear, I don’t know. I simply don’t
know. Ask Mr. Clemens. (the owner goes to
a
gentleman sitting near the window)
Mr.
Clemens, Mr. Clemens! Could you –er- look at this?
(hands him the bank–note)
do you think it’s
genuine?
(looking at it very carefully) Two
notes in this amount have been issued by the Bank
of England this year. Any way, it can’t be
fake.
Why not?
People will give too much
attention to a bank-note of this amount. No thief
would
want that to happen.
(joining them)
But look at the owner, Mr. Clemens. He’s in rags.
Hmm, yes. I see. Well, I can only say that he
must be a very strange but very rich man.
(as
if he has discovered something for the first time)
Why, yes! That must be it!
(hit her husband’s
arm) And you put him in the back of the
restaurant! Go and see
ABOUT MARK TWAIN
Mark Twain was born in Florida and spent his
boyhood in Hannibal,Missouri,along the Mississippi
River. Three of his most famous books describe
people on this great river. They are The
Adventures
of Tom Sawyer, The Adventures of
Huckleberry Finn and Life on the Mississippi.
Indeed, this author
loved the river so much
that even his pen name is about the river. “Twain”
is an old word for
“two.” So, to “mark twain,”
is to say that the water is two fathoms deep. A
fathom is equal to
six feet or 1.83 metres.
Twain left school at school at the age of twelve
to look for work. Over the
next two decades he
was a printer, a riverboat pilot, a soldier, a
good miner, a businessman and a
newspaper
reporter. His first successful story was about a
jumping frog contest. His writing became
famous for its description of common people
and the way they talked, but especially for his
humour.
He became rich from the many novels,
short stories and travel journals he wrote and was
very
popular at public readings. Yale and
Oxford Universities honoured him for his writing.
However, the
last years of his life
were filled with sad events, loneliness and the
loss of much money. His writing
lost most of
its humour and became sad like him. Yet he is
still one of the most popular writers in the
world today.
B3U3P59—60
ACT TWO
Scene 4
NARRATOR At the end of month,
Henry was very rich and didn’t fear jail. Dressed
in the finest
clothes, he drove by the
brothers’ house in Portland Place and, seeing they
were back, went to get
Portia at her friend’s
home.
HENRY My dear, the way you look
today, it would be a crime not to ask for a good
salary for
the job they’ll give to me.
PORTIA Oh , please remember that if we ask
for too much we may get no salary at all; and
then what’ll happen to us, with no way in the
world to earn a living?
(at the brothers’ home
, the servant lets them in. The two brother are
seated ,waiting )
HENRY Good morning,
gentlemen. (Roderick seems very surprised to see
Portia ) Portia ,these
are the men who helped
me .
PORTIA So very nice to meet you, kind
sirs . ( she gives Oliver a wink of the eye )
RODERICK Er…Portia ,I---
OLIVER We’re
both glad to hear it , for now we can decide the
bet which Roderick and I
made .If you’ve won
for me ,you shall have any job as my gift . Have
you got the million pound
bank-note ?
HENRY I’ve won! Now what do you say ,
Roderick ?
RODERICK I say that I’ve lost
twenty thousand pounds .I never would have
believed it. Why,
that is amazing, man!
HENRY Come, let’s be going now, Portia .
OLIVER But wait, wait! The job, you know
.I must give you a job, as I promised.
HENRY
Well, thank you very much, but I really don’t want
one now.
PORTIA Henry, I’m disappointed in
you . You didn’t thank the gentlemen properly .
May I
do it for you ?
HENRY Let me
see you try.
(Portia walks over to
Roderick and gives him a hug. Then she sits in
Oliver’s lap, puts her arms
around his neck
and kisses him on the cheek . Oliver begins
laughing.)
PORTIA Papa, he says he
doesn’t want anything else from you .
HENRY
(shocked)My dear ,is that your papa?!
PORTIA
He’s my stepfather ,and the dearest one that ever
was .
HENRY Oh, my dearest dear sir , I
regret what I said . You have got a job open that
I want .
OLIVER Name it.
HENRY
Son-in law.
OLIVER Well , well, well! But
you’ve never had such a job before .How can I be
sure you can
do it successfully?
HENRY
Try me—oh ,do . I beg of you ! Give me 30or 40
years ,and—
OLIVER Oh ,well ,all
right.
NARRATOR Are Portia and Henry happy ?
There are not enough words in the biggest
dictionary
to describe it . Did the people of
London have a good time with this bit of news ?
Yes . Portia’s
stepfather took that friendly
bank-note back to the Bank of England and cashed .
The bank-note was
then useless for money but
was his wedding gift to the young couple .Yes ,
the bank-note was worth
millions of dollars ,
but not worth one-tenth as much as how Henry felt
about Portia .
Book 3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the
stars
B3U4P25-26
HOW LIFE BEGAN ON
THE EARTH
After the “Big Bang ”, the earth was
just a cloud of energetic dust. What it was to
become
was a mystery until the dust began to
slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun.
The problem
was that the earth became violent
because it was not clear whether the solid shape
was to last or not.
It exploded loudly with
fire and rock, which in time to produce the water
vapour, carbon dioxide,
oxygen, nitrogen and
other gases, which were to make the earth’s
atmosphere. As the earth cooled
down, water
began to appear on its surface. Nobody knew that
it was going to be different from other
planets going round the sun. water had already
disappeared from planets like Mars or satellites
like the
moon, but it stayed on the earth.
This is how the earth began to show its special
qualities. Many
people think this was
important for the beginning of life. It allowed
the earth to dissolve harmful
gases, which had
become part of the earth’s atmosphere, into oceans
and seas. That made it
possible for life to
begin to develop.
What scientists think is
that the earth was different because of the
arrival of small plants growing
in the water
on its surface. Nobody understood that these
plants were the start of many changes.
They
multiplied and filled the first oceans and seas
with oxygen. This encouraged the development of
early shellfish and all sorts of fish.
Many millions of years later the first green
plants began to appear on land. Scientists believe
that
taking carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
and filling the air with oxygen helped life to
develop.
Later land animals appeared. Some
were insects. Others, called amphibians, were able
to live on and
as well as in the sea. When the
plants grew into forests, reptiles appeared for
the first time. They
produced young generally
by laying eggs. Later, some huge animals, called
dinosaurs, developed. They
laid eggs too. They
became the most important animals on the earth for
millions of years. But when
they disappeared,
mammals became more important. They were the last
group of animals and they
were different
because they produced their young from within
their bodies.
Small clever animals, now with
hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the
earth. They
developed new methods of growing
food, hunting and moving around. As time went by
they covered
the earth and have become the
most important animals on the planet. But they are
not taking care of
the earth very well. They
are putting too much carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere, which prevents
heat from escaping
from the earth into space. The earth may become
too hot for the lives on it.
Whether life will
continue on the earth for millions of years to
come will depend on whether this
problem can
be solved.
B3U4P28
My
friend Li Yanping was really very interested in__.
He liked to watch changes in the moon, the
only natural satellite of the earth through his
telescope.
One evening he thought he saw a
huge comet__ as it hit the moon. The__ of the moon
produced a
lot of dust that became__ like a
large ball. It seemed as if it would multiply and
become a new__. Li
Yanping thought He was
seeing the__ of the universe until he noticed some
dirt on his telescope! He
was very
disappointed.
B3U4P30-31
A VISIT TO
THE MOON
Last month I was lucky enough to have
a chance to make a trip into space with my friend
Li Yanping,
an astronomer. We visited the moon
in our spaceship!
Before we left ,Li
Yanping explained to me that the force of gravity
would change three times on
our journey and
that the first change would be the most powerful.
Then we were off. As the rocket
rose slowly
into the air we began to feel the pull of the
earth, which is what we call gravity. At first it
pushed us so hard back into our seats that we
could not say anything to each other. Gradually
the
weight lessened and I was able to talk to
him.
the earth if I fall from a tree I will
fall to the ground.
from the earth now to
feel its pull,
get closer to the moon, we shall
feel its gravity pulling us but it will not be as
strong a pull as the
earth's.
the earth
become smaller and the moon larger.
When we
got there, I wanted to explore immediately.
mass will be less than on the earth because
the moon is smaller and I will be able to move
more freely.
I might even grow taller if I
stay here long enough. I shall certainly weigh
less!
down the steps from the spaceship. But
when I tried to step forward I found I was carried
twice as far
as on the earth and fell over.
has changed. ourselves.
Leaving the
moon's gravity was not as painful as leaving the
earth's. But returning to the earth was
very
frightening. We watched, amazed as fire broke out
on the outside of the spaceship as the earth's
gravity increased. Again we were pushed hard
into our seats as we came back to
land.
exhausting but very exciting too,I
exclaimed. I know much more about gravity! you
think we could visit some stars next
time?
to?
B3U4P64
Where do we come
from
“Where do we come from? How did the
universe begin? Why is the universe the way is?
How will it
end? All my life, I have been
attracted by the big question that face us, and
have tired to find scientific
answers to them.
If, like me, you have looked at the stars, and
tired to make sense of what you see,
you will also have started to wonder
why the universe exists. The questions are clear
and simple. But
the answers have always seemed
well beyond our reach, until now.
“The idea
which had grown over two thousand year of
observation have had to be revised. In less
than a hundred years, we have found a new way
think of ourselves. From sitting at the centre of
the
universe, we now find ourselves moving
around an average-sized sun, which is just one of
millions of
the stars in our own Milky Way
galaxy. And our galaxy itself is just one of
billions of galaxies, in a
universe that is
infinite and expanding. But this is far from the
end of a long history of inquiry. Huge
question remain to be answered, before we can
hope to have a complete picture of the universe we
live in.
“I want you to share my
excitement at the discoveries, past and present,
which have
revolutionized the way we think.
From the Big Bang to black holes, from dark matter
to a possible
Big Crunch, our image of the
universe today is full of strange sounding ideas,
and remarkable truths.
The story of how we
arrive at this picture is the story of learning to
understand what we see.”
B3U4P66
Caught in a black hole
The spaceship
warned Li Yanping and me to be ready as we were
approaching(靠近)the “black
hole”. There seemed
to be a large circle of lights going round an
empty space. Li Yanping called out,
“That
empty hole is like a mouth always needing to be
fed. The lights are large stars being slowly
sucked(吸吮)into it.” We watched in shock and
amazement as a large sun suddenly disappeared into
the hole. Just then the lights on our
spaceship went out and the computer stopped
working. What was
happening? I tried to turn
the spaceship away from the hole but it would not
move. Would it eat us
too?
Suddenly the
spaceship jumped and began to move round the edge
of the outside of the hole. The
gravity of the
“black hole” was pulling us slowly into its
“mouth”. As the spaceship moved
round the
hole, it began to go faster and faster. I felt
sick. My watch moved slower and slower and
time seemed almost to stop. My mouth went dry
and I closed my eyes. All the stories about what
happened when you were caught by the gravity
of a “black hole” seemed to be true.
But
then the spaceship jumped again. This time it
moved sideways from the “black hole. It began
to increase its speed until it seemed to be
going as fast as light. I was bumped (撞开)and
banged (猛
击)as the spaceship flew like a bird
away from the “black hole”. What was happening? At
last we
slowed almost to a stop and we were
able to look around us. The sky certainly looked
different but
this would not be a problem as
the computer started working again. We realized
that we had
discovered something new about
“black holes”. They “eat” some objects but “spit”
other
objects out. How exciting!
B3U4P66&68
Going into space
Scientist
spends two years training to mend the space
telescope
Li Yanping, the great astronomer,
always wanted to work in space. So he was trained
to be repairs on
spaceships and telescopes. He
had to learn how to use the tools safely and how
to walk in space. He
was lucky enough to be
chosen to repair the Hubble space telescope. He
learned how to clean it on
the earth
and practised a lot. Then he went up in a
spaceship to the telescope. He did a good job and
the telescope works fine. He is very happy in
his work!
Book 3 Unit 5 Canada—“The True
North”
B3U5P34—35
A trip on
“the true north”
Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu
Qian were on a trip to Canada to visit their
cousins on her Atlantic coast.
Rather than
take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to
fly from China to Vancouver and to take
the
train from west to east across Canada in
September. The idea that they would cross the
whole
continent was exciting.
Their
cousins’ friend, Danny Lin, was waiting for them
at the airport. He was going to take them
to
the train station to catch “The True North” the
cross-Canada train. On the way to the station,
he told them, “You’re going to see great
scenery on your trip. Canada is bigger than the
United
States. It is the second biggest
country in the world and as you go eastward, you
will see mountains,
and pass thousands of
lakes, forests and wide rivers as well as cities.
The idea that you can cross
Canada in less
than five days is just wrong. It is 5500
kilometres from coast to coast. Here in
Vancouver, you are in the warmest part of
Canada. Many people think it is the most beautiful
city in
Canada, as it is surrounded by
mountains on the north and east and the Pacific
Ocean on the west. Its
population is
increasing very rapidly, because people from the
rest of Canada and those from many
Asian
countries want to live here. They can ski in the
Rocky Mountains and sail in the harbour. On
the coast north of Vancouver some of the
oldest and most beautiful forests in the world
still remain.
It is so wet there that the
trees are extremely tall.”
That afternoon in
the train the cousins settled down in their seats.
They crossed the Rocky
Mountains earlier that
day and looked out of the windows at the wild
scenery. They saw mountain
goats and even a
grizzly bear. Their next stop would be Calgary.
The Calgary Stampede is a famous
Western
festival. Cowboys come from all over North America
to compete in riding wild horses. Many
of them
have a gift for working with animals and they can
win thousands of dollars in prizes.
Two days
later they began to realize that Canada is quite
empty. Most Canadians live within 320
kilometres of the USA border, and in fact, the
population of Canada is only slightly over thirty
million.
They went through a wheat-growing
province and saw farms that were thousands of
square
kilometres in size. After dinner, the
cousins arrived in Thunder Bay. This city is at
the top and end of
the Great Lakes, and it is
a very busy port, although it is close to the
centre of the country. The fact
that ocean
ships can go there surprises many people. Canada
has one-third of the world’s fresh
water, and
much of it is in the five Great Lakes. There is
more fresh water in Canada than in any
other
country in the world.
That night, they slept
the train rushed through the night across the top
of Lake Superior, through
the great forests
and southward towards Toronto.
B3U5P38&39
“THE TRUE NORTH” FROM
TORONTO TO MONTREAL
The next morning
the maple trees outside their windows were red and
gold and orange, and there was
frost on the
ground----fall had arrived in Canada.
Around
noon they arrived in Toronto, the most wealthy and
biggest city in Canada. They were not
leaving
for Montreal until later, so they went on a tour
of the city. They went up the tall CN Tower,
and looked across the lake. In the distance,
they could see the misty cloud that rose from the
great
Niagara Falls, which is on the south
side of the lake. The water flows into the Niagara
River and over
the falls on its way to the
sea.
They saw the covered stadium, home of
several famous basketball teams. As they walked
north from
the harbour area, Li Daiyu said,
“One of my mother’s friends lives here. I should
phone her from
a telephone booth.”
The
cousins were invented to have dinner in downtown
Chinatown, one of the three in Toronto. Lin
Tao, who had moved to Canada many years
earlier, met them at The Pink Pearl and said, “We
can
get good Cantonese food here, because most
of the Chinese people here come from South China ,
especially Hong Kong .It’s too bad you can’t
go as far as Ottawa, Canada’s capital. It’s about
four hundred kilometres northeast of Toronto,
so it would take too long.”
The train left
late that night and arrived in Montreal at dawn
the next morning. At the train station,
people
everywhere were speaking French. There were signs
and ads in French, but some of them had
English words in smaller letters. “We don’t
leave until this evening ,”said Liu Qian. “Let’s
go
downtown .Old Montreal is close to the
water.” They spent the afternoon in the lovely
shops and
visiting the artists in their
workplaces beside the water. As they sat in a café
looking over the broad St
Lawrence River, a
young man sat down with them. “Hello, my name is
Henri, and I’m a student at
the university
here,” he said, “and I was wondering where you are
from.” The girl told him they
were on a train
trip across Canada and that they had only one day
in Montreal. “That’s too bad,”
he said,
“Montreal is a city with wonderful restaurants and
clubs. Most of us speak both English and
French ,but the city has a French culture. We
love good coffee, good bread and good music.”
That night as the train was speeding along the
St Lawrence River toward the Gulf of St Lawrence
and
down to the East Coast ,the cousins
dreamed of French restaurants and red maple
leaves.
B3U5P73
IQALUIT –THE FROZEN
TOWN
The reporter, Beth Allen, arrived in a
northern community called Iqaluit in Nunavut.
Nunavut.
Nunavut was created in 1999 as a
special area for Inuit people. Its name means “Our
Land” in
their language. It is in the farthest
northeastern area of Canada, north of the Arctic
Circle, and is very
cold--the average winter
temperature in Nunavut is –35 degrees.
Beth
said, “I knew it would be cold in January, but not
this cold! Maybe there is a dog sled here
that
can take me into town.”
The quiet men who
had been on the plane with her said, “I will take
you into town, but I do not
have a dog sled.
Most people only use the dogs for competitions.
Why are you visiting Iqaluit?”
Beth
answered, “I’m writing a story for my newspaper
about Iqaluit—we’d like to advertise it
as a
holiday place, but I think it’s too cold.”
The man laughed. “My name is Simon and I am
Inuit,” he said. “I think it’s too far north
here for holidays but more and more tourists
are coming. They like ice fishing and
photographing
polar bears. I stay as far away
from polar bears as possible. I like my warm
office and my warm
house.”
Beth
asked, “What do you do in an office? Don’t you
hunt animals for a living? I thought you
lived
in ice houses.”
“I’m a business man. My
grandfather would live in ice houses when he
hunted in winter, but
not so many people do
that now. The old men used to make one in a few
hours. They used to live in
skin tents in
summer—the tents were easy to move so the people
could follow the animals.”
A few minutes
later they arrived in Iqaluid, a town with a
population of 6000,on Simon’s
snowmobile. It
was two o’clock in the afternoon, but it was
already dark, and all the houses shone
with
bright lights. Beth said, “Why is it so dark? It’s
the middle of the day!”
Simon replied, “It’s
dark in the day because we are so far north. You
should come in June. The
sun shines all night
in the north then. That’s why it’s called ‘The
Land Of the Midnight
Sun’.”
There were
people on the streets and snowmobiles everywhere.
There were even a few dog teams.
B3learningtip
Book 3 Learning tip
B3Unit1
Collect
information about festivals and events around the
world from CCTV International and
newspapers.
In this way you can increase your vocabulary and
knowledge. To find out what festivals
there
are in different countries, it is better to look
in an encyclopedia and then search the Internet
for
more information. Remember that the
information on the Internet may not be correct so
always
check it
B3Unit2
When you buy
items in packets or tins, you need to look at the
side of the packet or tin. It will tell
you
how much energy-giving good, body-building food
and fibre there is in your tin or packet. You
will also learn more words and expressions
connected with food. You can use this information
to
help you have a healthier diet as increase
your vocabulary.
B3Unit3
Try writing a
play so you can practise your oral English. Get
together with your friends classmates
and
write dialogues for a short play. It can be about
anything of interest to all of you. Everyone
should have a part or role to speak.
You
can use one of the reading passages from your
textbook to make a short play. And acting out the
play will help improve your pronunciation.
B3Unit4
Use encyclopedias and the
Internet to find out more about space. Try to
discover how many plants
there are round our
sun and how many satellites they each have. Make
notes in journal or diary and
watch the news
to add interesting new ideas on space. Look into
the sky at night and try to find out
the names
of some of the stars.
B3Unit5
Knowing
some prefixes and suffixes can help guess the
meaning of words. Prefixes are small
groups of
words to give them different meanings.
Suffixes are groups of letters placed after a
word its modify meaning or change it into a
different part
of speech.
Examples:
You can put the prefix
multi—
in front of many words to give them the
meaning of “many”.
multicultural
multimedia multichannel multinational
You can change some adjectives into adverbs by
adding the suffix
--ly
slightly
extremely officially broadly