初中英语动词一般过去时及练习

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2021年01月21日 08:59
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2021年1月21日发(作者:穆祥雄)
III.
英语动词一般过去时

一,概述

1.
一 般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、
行为反复发生的动作,过 去主语所具备的能力和特点
。

2.
动词的变化


1)
.直接加
ed
:
work
—

worked look
—
looked talk--talked visited

2)
.以不发音
e
结尾的单词,直接加
d
:
live
—
lived hope
—
hoped

use
—
used arrive--arrived practice --practiced
3)
.以辅音字母
+y
结尾的,变
y为
i
加
ed
:
study
—

studied carry
—
carried worry
——
worried
4)
.以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后的辅 音字母
+ed
:
stop
—

stopped plan
——
planned
shop--shopped
读音:清辅音 后读
/t/
,浊辅音读
/d/
,在
/t/
和
/d/
后读
/id/.
5)

.
不规则变化的动词过去式:
have---had are---were get--- got say---said feel---felt
do/does---did is--- was go---went drink--drank
其他详细见课本
P.141
3.
常跟
过去时间状语
连用


yesterday (morning,afternoon,evening) the day before yesterday

last night (week,Sunday,weekend,month,winter,year,century
世纪)

a (two...)

year ago
this morning/afternoon/evening
when
引导的
状语从句
(动词过去时)

just now
刚才
=a moment ago
the other day -- a few days ago.
几天前


at the age of 10
(过去年龄段)


in the old days
在过去日子里

at that time
在那时
at that moment
在那一刻

例如:
Li Ming did the dishes just now.


Last week I bought a new bike.



She took the Subway to school this morning.
二
.
句法结构


基本结构:
主语
+
谓语
(
动词过去式)
+
句子其他成分;

1
、
肯定形式

①主语(任何人称)
+
动词过去式
+
其他

例句:
She often came to help us in those days.
②主语
+
was
/were+
形容词
/
名词
/
介词短语
+
过去时间;

例句:
I/he/she was ill /You/they were there this afternoon.
My grandpa was dead last year.
2
、
否定形式
(
注意:
was not=wasn
’
t ,were not=weren
’
t)
①主语
+was/were+not
;例句:
I
wasn
’
t
here yesterday.
They
weren
’
t
there this afternoon.
②主语(任何人称)
+didn't+
行为动词原型
+
其他

即在行为动词前加
didn't
(
=did not
),同时
还原行为动词


例句:
I didn't
know
the schoolmate
’
s name. We didn
’
t
have
sports this morning.
3
、
一般疑问句
形式

①
Di d+
主语(任何人称)
+
谓语动词原型
+
其他?

肯定回答:
Yes
,
we/they/you/I/he/she/it+did.
否定回答
No
,
we/they/you/I/he/she/it+did n
’
t

例句:
Did he wash his clothes a moment ago?

Yes
,
he did. /No
,
he didn
’
t.
②
WasWere+主语
+
表语
(
形容词
/
名词
/
介词短 语
+
过去时间
)?
肯定回答
:
Yes,he/she/h e/I+was
或
we/they/you+were
否定回答
:No
,
he/she/he/I+wasn
’
t we/they/you+weren
’
t
例句:
Was Sally here yesterday?

Yes,she was./No,she wasn
’
t.
Were they in the park just now?


Yes,they were./No,they weren
’
t.
4.
特殊疑问句形式

疑问代词

+
一般疑问句语序
,
如果有时间状语
,
注意选择对应过去时间
.

When did you go there?
你什么时候去过那的
?
What did he buy
yesterday
?
他昨天都买什么了
?
Where were you
last night
?
昨晚
你在哪
?
How did she

get to New York
last week
?上周她是怎么到达纽约的
?
W
hose shoes were they?
这些曾经是谁的鞋子
?
三、口诀


一般过去时并不难,过去动作、状态记心间。

动词要用过去式,时间状语句末站。

否定句很简单,
didn't
站在动原前,其它部分不要变。

一般疑问句也好变,
did
放在句子前,主语、动原、其它部分依次站立。

特殊疑问句也简单,疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。

最后一条请注意,动词过去式要牢记!

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