(完整版)高中英语代词讲解与练习(附答案)

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2021年01月24日 02:23
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学校后勤个人工作总结-阳光校园

2021年1月24日发(作者:鲜花)
代
词

代词可以分为下列九类
1
人称代词
2
物主代词
3
自身代词
4.
相互代词
5.
指示代词
6.
疑
问代词
7.
关系代词
8.
连接代词
9
不定代词

人称代词做主语时用主格,
做宾语 时用宾格。
在作表语时,
用宾格较多,
例如:
Who is knocking
at the door? ---
It’s
me.
但在强调结构中却常用主格:
It was he who did it.. It is she who wants this clothes.
在使用人称代词时有下面几点值得注意:

1
)
she
可以用来代表国家,船只,大地,月亮等。

e.g. I think England will do what she promised to do.
2)
在并列的主语中,
I
总放在最后。
e.g. Mary and I will be in charge of the case.
3)
第三人称,男女两性并用时,男先女后。
He and she still don
’
t agree to the plan.
二

物主代词

英语中主要有下列这些物主代词:

类
型



我的


你的

他
(她,
它)
我们的

你
们
他们的

词义

的

的

形容词性物主代词

my
your
His, her, its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词

mine
yours
His,
hers,
ours
yours
theirs
its
1.
形容词性的物主代词只能作定语,如
my brother
名词性的物主代词可以作:

1
)

表语
Whose dictionary is this? ----it
’
s mine.
2)
主语

Ours is a big family.
3)
宾语
Let
’
s clean their room first and ours later.
2.
“
of +
名词性物主代词
”
可用作定语

That car of hers is always breaking down.= Her car is
……
.
三

自(反)身代词

1
.这些词可用来:

1
)

作宾语
I can
’
t express myself in English.
2)
作表语
I am not quite myself these days.
我近来身体不大舒服。

3
)作主语或宾语的同位语
The theory itself is all right.
在作同位语时,自身代词常译作“本人”或“亲自”

They must make investigation themselves.
他们必须亲自作调查。

与
by oneself
较难区分


By oneself
译为“一个人干(不要别人帮助)
”

They made the machine all by themselves.
这机器完全是他们自己制造的。

2
.自身代词常和某些动词连用

Enjoy oneself, behave oneself(
使自己举止良好
)
,

help yourself to sth.
请吃点。
。
。

Come to oneself
苏醒

3
.常与某些介词连用

By oneself
一个人做(不要别人帮助)

For oneself
替自己,自己



He has a right to decide for himself.
他有权自己决定。

In oneself
本身



This is not a bad idea in itself.
这主意本身并不错。

To oneself
供自己用


She had a room to herself.
她自己住一间房。

四

相互代词

One another
与
each other
由于表示相互关系,称为相互代词,两者的用法是差不多的。
We can help one another (each other).
We are eager to learn from each other.
我们都急欲向彼此学习。

五

指示代词

有
this, that, these, those.
注意:

1
.

前面刚提到的东西,英语中常用
that (
或
those)
表示,而汉语中却常用这表示。

e.g. We have no time to do it. That
’
s our trouble.
我们没有时间做这事。这就是我们的问题。
2.
指下面要谈到的事物时,常用
this,
例如


1


I want to know this: has John been here?
3 those
在下面的这种类型的句子里常出现,表示人们或东西(后面多有一定定语修饰)

Those who wish to go to the concert may sign up here.
He was among those who attended it.
他是到会人之一。

六

疑问代词

有
who, whom, whose, what, which
都是来构成特殊问 句的。
Who
通常做主语和表语,
whom
做宾语。

1 what, who

一般来说,
what
问的是职业或地位,
who
问的是姓名。

----What was her husband?
---- He was a lawyer.
比较

---- who was her husband?




----- He was John Smith, the son of a famous writer.
2 which, what


Which
用于已知情况的选择,
其后可以跟
of,
而
what
用于未知情况的疑问,
其后不能跟
of.
What fruit do you like best?
Which do you like better, oranges or apples?
3
在以这类代词做主 语时,后面的动词可以用复数形式,也可以用单数形式,要看所代表的
人或物是复数还是单数来决定。< br>e.g. Who live(s) in this room?

如果不清楚代表的东西是复数还是单数,则动词多用单数形式。

-----What
’
s there on the desk?
-----
There’re
some books on it.
七

关系代词:
关系代词有
who, whom, whose, that, which
,是用来引起定语从句的。它一面代
表定语从句所修饰的那个名词(或 代词)
,一面又在从句内担任一个成分。举例问学生:

The worker
who
invented the machine is now studying at Qinghua University.
Who
指这个工人,在从句中做主语。

He is no longer the man that he was. That
指这个
man,
在从句中做表语。

1
.

Who, whom
。
Who, whom
代表人,在从句中做主语时用
who,
做宾语时用
whom.
The girl who spoke is my best friend.
I want to find someone with whom I can discuss such things.
2

whose
。代表“某个人的”
,在从句中做定语。

Do you know anyone whose family is in Xi
’
an?
3. which
代表事物,在从句中可以用作主语和宾语。

He told a story which moved us deeply.
4 that
代表事物的时候更多些,也可代表人,在从句中做主语,宾语,表语。

需要注意以下几点:

1
.

在先行词是
anything, all, much
等词的句子中,多用
that,
不要用
which.
I never took anything that
didn’t
belong to me.
2.
定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种,在限制性定语从句中,如果前面紧挨着介词 ,则不能
用
that.
He is a man from whom we are all ready to learn.
3.
在非限制性定从中,不能用
that,
只能用
who, whom
代表人,用

which
代表物。

My sister, who is a nurse, came home for a few days.
在这种从句中,
which
有时可代表前面说的整个情况或主句的某一部分,而不只代 表一个词。

He failed his exam, which proves that he
wasn’t
working hard enough.
八

连接代词:
疑问代词都可以用作连接代词,来引起主语从句,宾语从句和表语从句。

e.g. It is not decided who will hold the meeting?
Do you know whose pen it is?
The question is whom I should trust.
1
代词
what
有时可以用来表示
the thing which
这种意思。

What
(the thing which) she lacks is experience.
We should never pretend to know
what
we don
’
t know. (
这里常出现
that
这个迷惑项。
)
2 who(m), which, what
可以和
ever
构成合成词,
和前 面所提到的疑问代词一样,
引导主从或宾
从。
(也就是
whatever, whichever, whoever
的用法)


2

学校后勤个人工作总结-阳光校园


学校后勤个人工作总结-阳光校园


学校后勤个人工作总结-阳光校园


学校后勤个人工作总结-阳光校园


学校后勤个人工作总结-阳光校园


学校后勤个人工作总结-阳光校园


学校后勤个人工作总结-阳光校园


学校后勤个人工作总结-阳光校园