完整版初中英语一般将来时专项语法讲解
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一般将来时主要构成形式
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作,事 情或
存在的状态,也
表示将来经常或反复发生的动作或事情。在
will
用于第一人称,常被
will
所代
替。
)动词原形
will/shall+
shall
1shall
陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常
用于第二人称。
will not=won't
例如:
not=shan't
我先读哪一段呢?
first
?
Which paragraph shall I read
this evening?
今晚七点回家好吗?
be at home at seven Will
you
+
不定式,
表示将来。
)
be going to
2tomorto do What are you going
a.
主语
的意图,
即将做某事。
例如:
row?
明天打算作什么呢?
produced be play is going
to b.
计划,安排要发生的事。例如:
The
。
这出戏下月开播。
next monthgoing is there the dark clouds,
c.
有迹象要发生
的事。例如:
Look at
看那乌云,快要下雨了。
be a storm. to
不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如:
be
+3
)我们下星期
六讨论这份报
report next
We are discuss the
告。
+
不定式,意为马上做某事。例如:
about
4
)
be to
Beijing. is He about
他马上要去北京。
to leave for
等表示明确将来
week do to
不能与
tomorrow, next
注意:
be about
时的时间状语连用。
to
be
和
going
Notice:be to
表示主观的打
going to be to
be
表示客观安排
或受人指示而做某事,
算或计划。例如:
1
(客观明天下午我去踢球。
am to play football tomorrow afternoon. I
安排)明天下午我想去踢球。
afternoon. going I'm to play football tomorrow
(主观安排)
5.
现在进行时表将来时
下列动词的现在进行时表示将来时
on.
and so
tomorrow. for Wuhan leaving
she is
6.
一般现在时表将来
的一般现在时)下列动词
come, returnstart, begin, go, arrive,
1leave,
可以表示将来,
主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
例如:
火车明
天上午六点开。
tomorrow leaves at six morning.
The train
汽车什么时候开?
star? It stars in ten minutes.
When does the bus
十分钟后。
2
)以
here, there
等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行。例如:
The bus is coming.
车来了。
Here comes the bus. =
bell is ringing.
铃响了。
goes
There the bell. = The
3
)在时间或条件句中。例如:
比尔来
for me. , ask him to wait
)
comes
When Bill
(不是
will come
我到了那
里,就
there. as I arrive soon write
后,让他等我。
I'll to you as
写信给你。等的宾语从句中。例
sure thatmake care hope, 4
)在动词
take that,
如:
2
我希望他们下星期玩得开
week. a nice time next
I hope they have
心。
room. leave the closed before you
Make sure that the windows are
离开房间前,务必把窗户关了。
be going to
和
will
的区别的用法虽然都
表示将来发生动作或情况,一般情况下能互
will be going to
和
换。但它们的用
法是有区别的。
主要用于:
)
be going to
1
(
E.g.
、表示事先经过考虑、安排好打
算、计划要做的事情。
1
今天你们打算做什么?
What are you going to do today?
今天下午我和爸爸打
Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon.
算去看歌剧。
m going to play the violin.
我打算拉小提琴。
I
'
'
s going to play the piano.
她打算弹钢琴。
SheE.g.
、表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常 有可能发生。
2
天要下乌云密集,
Look!
There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain.
瞧!
雨。
I am afraid I am going to
have a cold.
恐怕我要患重感冒。
(2) will
主要用于在以下几个方面:
eg:
、表示单纯的未来“将要”通用各个人称。
1
明天他们将去工厂参观。
They will go to visit the factory tomorrow.
我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起
'
ll come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling. I
来。
eg:
、表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事。
2
3
今天是星期六。明天是(将)
Tomorrow will be Sunday. Today is Saturday.
是星期日。
三十岁。明年这个时候他就
(将)
He will be thirty years old this time
next year.
eg: 3
、问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令。
请打开收音机好吗?
Will you please turn on the radio?
你和我一起去动物园好吗?
Will you go to the zoo with me?
一般将来是特殊用法:
不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
be +1)
We are to talk about the report next Saturday.
不定式,意为马上做某事。
2
)
be about to +He is about to leave for Beijing.
等表示明确将来时的时间
注意:
be about to
不能与
tomorrow, next week
状语连用。
,
go
,
come
,
arrive3
)有些表趋向 性的动词可用想在进行时表将来:
例如:
start, die...
,
stay
,
leavefly(
飞往
)
,
reac h
(到达)
,
m going to the zoo this weenend.
''
m going to
go to the zoo this weenend.= I
如:
Is leaving for Paris.
'
s going to leave for Paris.= He
He
'
这个老人要去世。
The old man is
dying.=The old man will die.
练习题
1. What time _____we meet at the gate tomorrow?
D are
C do B shall
A will
2. He will have a holiday as soon as he _____the work next week.
A finishes
B doesn
'
t finish
C will finish
D won
'
t finish
4
3. There _____some showers this afternoon.
D are going to have
A will be B will have
C is going to be
s birthday tomorrow. She _____a party.
'
4. It ____my brother B will be; is having A is going to be; will have
D will have; is going to be
C will be; is going to have
5. Li Ming is 10 years old now, next year he _____11.
D will to be
A is B is going to be
C will be
(二)
、
填空
”
1.
-
“
I need some paper.
”
“
I ____(bring)some for you.
-
2.____(be)you free tomorrow?
3. They _________(not leave) until you come back.
4. _____we_____(go) to the party together this afternoon?
5. They want to know when the meeting _____start.
6. I _____(go) with you if I have time.
7. Hurry up! Or we ______(be) late.
____you _______(do) tomorrow afternoon?
9. Jenny ____ _____ (do) an experiment the day after tomorrow.
t free tomorrow, she _______(not take) part in the party. 10. If she isn
'
结构的一般将来时易出错
三、
There beThere_________ a basketball match this
afternoon. (B)
例:
B is going to have
A is going to be
5
D are going to have C are going to be
to
结构中易丢掉
四、
be going to
m going _______(go) school by bike tomorrow. (C)
'
例:
ID to go
C go to
A to will go
B to go to
if
条件句
【知识要点】
条件是 可能存某事很可能发生,常见的
if
条件状语从句表示在某
条件下,定义:
在的,主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。
E.g. If you ask him
,
he
.
will help you
如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。
.
,
you will let him downE.g. If you
fail in the exam
如果你考试不及格,
你会让他失望的。
.
you can go homeE.g. If
you have finished the homework
,
如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。
从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟另外,
if
从句 多用一般过去时或过去完成时,
表示对现在或过去的一种假的条件或假设。
设。
.
I were you
,
I would invite him to the party
如果我是你,我
会邀请他参加聚会。
.
E.g.I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught
in the traffic
要不是交通堵塞,
我本会来得早一些。
条件句的时态搭配另外你还
要注意
if
从句用一般现在时,
主句用一般将来时
1
.
if ll get there in time.
'
E.g. If he runs he
如果他用跑的,他就会及时赶到那儿。
E.g. The cat will scratch you if you pull her
tail.
如果你拉猫的尾巴,它就会抓你。
may/might/can if
从句用一般现在时,主句用
2
.
E.g. If the fog gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted.
如果雾在大一些,
飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。
E.g. If it stops snowing we can
go out.
如果雪停了,我们就可以出去。
6
3
.
if
从句用一般现在时,主句用
must/should
E.g. If you want to lose weight you must/should eat less bread.
如果你想减肥,你必须少吃面包。
4
.
if
从句用一般现在时,主句用一般现在时
E.g. If you heat ice it turns to water. (
也可用
will turn)
如果把冰加热,它就会化成水。
5
.
if
从句用现在进行时,主句用一般将来时
E.g. If you are looking for Peter you
'
ll find him upstairs.
如果你是在找彼得,上楼就会找到他。
6
.
if
从句用现在完成时,主句用一般将来时
E.g. If you have finished dinner I
'
ll ask the waiter for the bill.
如果你吃完了,我就叫服务生来算账
注意
:
学习
if
引导的条件状语从句的用法
,
现在总结一下
:
if
条件句不一般
,
几个要点记心间
;
条件句
,
放在前
,
逗号要放句中间。
条件句表可能,主句多用将来时;
条件句表事实,主句常用现在时。
在
if
引导的条件状语从句中,如果从句谈论的是一个有可能 发生的事实及其产
生的相关的结果,主句用一般将来时态,从句用一般现在时态。如:
E.g. We can walk there if we can't find a bus .
E.g. If it rains tomorrow ,we will not go
to the zoo.
E.g. What will you
do if you
find a panda in danger.
如果
if
条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事件,则主从句大多用
一般现在时态。
E.g. If bears are in danger ,they attack people.