语法点:一般疑问句和特殊疑问句讲解
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2021年02月01日 09:22
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一般疑问句
一、什么是一般疑问句
1.
定义 :用
Yes
或
No
作答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。
2.特点:
1
、以
be
动词、助动词或情态动词开头;
eg: Is your father a teacher?
Does Catherine like animals?
Can Jenny speak French?
2
、往往读升调;
3
、译成汉语,都可以带上
“
吗
”
eg:
上面三句可分别译为:你父亲是老师吗?
凯瑟琳喜欢动物吗?
詹妮会说法语吗?
二.陈述句和一般疑问句间的转换
要将陈述句变成一般疑问句,可以遵循下列步骤:
1.
看句中有没有
be
动词
(
am
、
is
、
are
、
was
、
were
)
助动词
(
do
、
does
、
did
、
have
、
h ad
)或情态动词(
can
、
must
、
will
、
may
等)
,如果有,
将其提到句首,句末打上问号即可。
eg:
It was rainy yesterday.
→Was it rainy yesterday?
Tom's
father can play the piano.
→Can Tom's father play the piano?
I have finished my homework.
→Have you finished your homework?
2.< br>如果句中没有
be
动词、助动词或情态动词,则根据谓语动词的形式借助
do
的相应形式放在句首。具体方法是:如果谓语动词是原形,则借
do
;
如果谓语动词 是一般现在时第三人称单数形式,
则借
does
;
如果谓语动词
是过去式,则借
did.
需要注意的是,借
does
或
did
后,原句的谓语动词
要变回原形。
eg
:
They go to school by bike.
→Do they go to school by bike?
Bill gets up at 6:30 every day.
→Does bill gets up at 6:30 every day?
The students saw a film yesterday.
→Did the students see a film yesterday?
陈述句变一般疑问句应注意的事项
陈述句变成一般疑问句除了遵循上述规则以外,还应注意下列几点:
1.
如果陈述句中有第一人称,则变问句时最好要变为第二人称。
eg
:
I usually have lunch at school.
→Do you usually have lunch at school?
My father is playing soccer.
→Is your father playing soccer?
2.
如果陈述句中有
some,
则变问句时往往要变成
any
。
eg
:
There is some water on the playground.
→Is there any water on the playground?
3.
复合句变一般疑问句通常只变主句,从句不变。
eg
:
I know he comes from Canada.
→Do you know he comes from Canada?
三
.
一般疑问句往往采用简短回答
由三部分
(三个单词)
组成,
对这三部分
(三个单词)< br>的确定可以概括例下:
1.
第一个词:不是
Yes
就是
No
。
(有时根据语气的不同,
Yes
可由
Sure, Certainly, Of course
等代替
.NO
可
由
sorry
代替
.
)
2.
第二个词:问谁答谁。即答语中的主语须与问句的主语一致(但必须用主
格代词)
。
eg
:
Does she clean her room every day? Yes, she does.
Is Anna′s father a doctor? No
,
he isn′t.
如果主语是
this that,
回答时用
it
代替,如果问句中主语
these, those,
回答时用
they′
代替。
3.
第三个词:用什么问,用什么答。即沿用问句中的引导词。
Can Jim play soccer? Yes, he can.
Does Mr Bean speak English? Yes, he does.
需要注意问题:
(
1
)
.
用
may
引导的问句,肯定回答用
may
,否定回答
用
can′t
或
mustn′
t
用
must
引导的问句,肯定回答用
must
,否定回
答用
needn′t.
eg
:
May I go to the park now?
Yes, you may. /No, you mustn′t.
Must I wash my clothes now?
Yes, you must. /No, you needn′t.
4
.用
No
开头作否定回答时
,
结尾要加上
not
。因为回答必须是三部分,
所以否定回答必须缩写,而肯定回答不能缩写。
eg:Did Thomas come here yesterday?
Yes, he did./ No ,he didn′t.
Is Lin Lin in Class 3?
Yes, she is. / No, she isn′t.
或(
No, she′s not
)
.
特殊疑问句
一
.
定义:以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
常用的疑问词有:
what, what color, what nationality, what day, who
二.构成
①
特殊疑问词
+
助动词
+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他?
eg:Where do you do study English?
②特殊疑问词
+be
动词
+
主语
+
其他?
eg:Why is your Mum so angry?
③特殊疑问词
+
情态动词
+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他?< br>
eg:What can I do for you?
三.
回答特殊疑问句时,
不能用
yes
/
no
,
即问什么答什么,
尤其是简略回答。
如:
-Who is from Canada
﹖
-Helen (is)
.
- Where's the restaurant
﹖
- Near the station
.
-Why do you like koalas
﹖
-Because they are cute
.