初二英语语法知识学习归纳
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2021年02月01日 10:59
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英雄联盟亚索-爱国作文600字
*-
初二英语语法大全
一
.
知识点:
一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。
通常与表示将来的时间状
语连用 ,如
tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years
等。
be going to do
(动词原形)结构:表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。
如:
It is going to rain.
will do
结构表示将来的用法:
1.
表示预见
Do you think it will rain?
You will feel better after a good rest.
2.
表示意图
I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.
What will she do tomorrow?
基本构成如下:
一般疑问句构成:
(
1
)
will+
主语
+do
…
? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?
(
2
)
there be
结构的一般疑问句:
Will there + be
…
?
Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t
否定句构成:
will + not
(
won
’
t
)
+do
Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday.
特殊疑问句构成:
特殊疑问词+
will
+主语+…?
What will Sarah do next Sunday?
根据例句,用
will
改写下列各句
例:
I don
’
t feel well today.
(
be better tomorrow
)
I’ll be better tomorrow.
1. Gina has six classes today.
(
have a lot of homework tonight
)
_____________________________
2. I
’
m tired now.
(
sleep later
)
_____________________________
3. My parents need a new car.
(
buy one soon
)
_____________________________
4. We can
’
t leave right now.
(
leave a little later
)
_____________________________
5. The weather is awful today.
(
be better tomorrow
)
_____________________________
答案:
1. She
’
ll have a lot of homework tonight.
2. I’ll sleep later.
3. They’ll buy one soon.
4. We’ll leave a little later.
5. Maybe it’ll be better tomorrow.
(二)
should
的用法:
should
用来提出建议和忠告,后边加动词原形,否定句直接在
should后边加
not.
例如:
I think you should eat less junk food.
我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。
She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot.
*-
她经常开车,很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。
Students shouldn’t spend too much time playing computer games.
学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。
学习向别人提建议的几种句式:
(
1
)
I think you should
…
(
2
)
Well, you could
…
(
3
)
Maybe you should
…
(
4
)
Why don
’
t you
…
?
(
5
)
What about doing sth.?
(
6
)
You
’
d better do sth.
用
should
或
s houldn
’
t
填空
1. I can’t sleep the night before exams.
You ______ take a warm shower before you go to bed.
2. Good friends ______ argue each other.
3. There is little milk in the glass. We _______ buy some.
4. They didn’t invite you? Maybe you ______ be friendlier.
5. I am a little bit overweight. So I think I _______ do exercises every day.
答案:
1. should 2. shouldn
’
t 3. should 4. should 5. should
(三)
过去进行时
过去进行时表示过去某一点 时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内一直进行的动
作。
1.
构成
was /were + doing
,例如:
I was watching TV at 9 o’clock last night.
at 9 o
’
clock last night
是时间点
They were playing football all afternoon.
all afternoon
是时间段
2.
过去进行时的标志词
at 8 o
’
clock last night, this time yesterday
等。例如:
I was having lunch at home this time yesterday.
昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。
At that time she was writing a book.
那阵子她在写一本书。
(表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。
)
用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. This time yesterday I ____ ______
(
read
)
books.
2. At 9 o
’
clock last Sunday they ______ ______
(
have
)
a party.
3. When I _____
(
come
)
into the classroom, she ________ ______
(
read
)
a storybook.
4. She _____ ______
(
play
)
computer games while her mother ____ ______
(
cook
)
yesterday
afternoon.
5. I _____ ______
(
have
)
a shower when you _______
(
call
)
me yesterday.
答案:
1. was reading
2. were having
3. came; was reading
4. was playing; was cooking
5. was having; called
(四)
间接引语
形成步骤:
(
1
)不要逗号,冒号,引号
*-
(
2
)要考虑到人称的变化(人称的变化与汉语是一致的)
(
3
)要考虑时态的变化
(
4
)要考虑时间状语、地点状语和语示代词的变化。
1.
直接引语变成间接引语时,几个主要时态的变化规律
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
2.
直接引语变成间接引语时,一些词汇的变化规律
直接引语
1. am / is
2. are
3. have / has
4. will
5. can
6. may
间接引语
1. was
2. were
3. had
4. would
5. could
6. might
用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. She said I _____
(
be
)
hard-working.
2. Peter told me he _____
(
be
)
bored yesterday.
3. She said she _____
(
go
)
swimming last Sunday.
4. Bobby said he _____
(
may
)
call me later.
5. Antonio told me he _____
(
read
)
a book then.
答案:
1. was
2. was
3. went
4. might
5. was reading
请转述他人说的话:
1. I go to the beach every Saturday.
(
Tom
)
2. I can speak three languages.
(
Lucy
)
3. I will call you tomorrow.
(
Mike
)
4. I
’
m having a surprise party for Lana.
(
she
)
(五)
if
引导的条件状语从句
结构:
if
+一般现在时,主语+将来时
含义:如果……,将要……
例如:
If you ask him, he will help you.
如果你请求他,他会帮助你。
If need be, we’ll work all night.
如果需要,我们就干个通宵。
根据中文提示,完成句子。
1.
如果你参加聚会,你将会过得很开心。
If you ________ the party, you __________.
2.
如果明天下雨,我们将不去野餐。
*-
If it __________ tomorrow, we ___________.
3.
如果你经常听英文歌,你将会喜欢英语的。
If you often ________, you _________________.
答案:
1. If you go to the party, you will have a good time
2. If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the picnic
3. If you often listen to English songs, you’ll like English
二
.
完形填空特点及解题思路
(一)题型分类与特点
完形填空试题是在给出的一篇短文中有目的地拿掉若干个词 ,
留下一些空格,
要求考生
借助短文保留的部分,
从所给的短文整体出发,< br>在正确理解短文意思的基础上,
根据句子和
句子间的内在联系、
词的用法和习惯 搭配等,
用适当的词或词语填空,
使补全后的短文意思
通顺、
前后连贯、结构 完整。这种题型测试的内容从形式上看是单词或短语的填空,但它必
须注意到短文中上、
下文意 思连贯、
词语搭配和语法结构正确,
所以在空格上所填的词必须
符合语义适用和语法正 确两条原则,
只考虑某一侧面都可能导致错误。
中考中完形填空试题
的基本题型分两类 :完形填空选择题和完形填空题。
1.
完形填空选择题:该 题型的特点是将一篇短文中若干词语抽掉留下空格,对每一空格
提供若干个选择项,
要求考生通 读短文后,在理解短文意思的基础上,
运用所学的词汇、句
型、语法等语言知识,从所提供的备 选项中选出一个最佳答案,使短文内容完整正确。
中考
完形填空主要以这种题型为主。它所给的 短文一般与初中英语教材难易程度相当,字数在
150
-
200
个单词之内, 多数设置
10
个左右空格,所设考点涉及词汇、语法及对短文内容的
理解。
短 文的第一句一般不设空,
以期提供一个语境,
对每一空格设置的选项基本都属于相
同或 对等的词类,
给判定选择带来一定的干扰,
侧重考查了考生准确运用词汇的能力及对短
文的整体理解和逻辑推理能力。
2.
选词填空题:该题型的 特点是把抽出的词打乱顺序,不按原文顺序排列,放在短文前
面或后面的方框内,
有时还增加几 个文外的词,
要求考生从中选出适当的词以正确的形式填
入短文空格内。
(
A
)
Jack wanted to ask for two days off,
1
he had only learnt the phrase
(短语)
“
have a
day off
”
. He
2
, then he had an idea.
“
Grandmother is ill. May I have a day off,
3
?
”
he asked the teacher.
“
Of course, you can.
”
replied
(答复)
the teacher at once. After a while,
the boy came to
4
at the teacher’s door. “May I have a day off
5
? ”The teacher was very
surprised,
“Didn’t
you
6
it
just
now?
”“Yes,
sir.
But
I
can’t
be
here
7
,
either.
”The
tea
cher understood him and could not help
8
. Then he said with a smile, “Why didn’t you
say‘May I have two days off? ’”The boy answered quickly
9
a loud voice. “But you only
10
us‘have a day off! ’”
(
)
1. A. but
B. and
C. or
D. for
(
)
2. A. thought hardly
B. thought hard and hard
C. hard thought
D. thought and thought
(
)
3. A. Miss
B. sir
C. teacher
D. Mr
(
)
4. A. strike
B. best
C. hit
D. knock
(
)
5. A. also
B. again
C. too
D. once
(
)
6. A. speak
B. tell
C. say
D. do
(
)
7. A. tomorrow