(完整)初一下英语一般过去时
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2021年02月02日 04:56
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第四讲：一般过去时
一、定义
：表示过去某个时间里发生的动作 或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
1.
表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态：
e.g. He was twelve last year.
She was at work.
2.
表过去经常或反复发生的动作：
e.g. She often came to help us in those days.
Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella..
二、
常与一般过去时连用的词
：
1.
时间状语
ago
（
two hours ago
（一段时间
+ago
）
yesterday
（
morning,afternoon,eveni ng
）
the day before yesterday
last week,last(year,night,month
…
)
具体时间（如
)
just now
at the age of 10(
过去时间段
)
one day
long ago
once upon a time
this morning(afternoon, evening)
long long ago
（很久以前）
the other day
（前几天）
at the moment
三、一般过去时的构成
1
、系动词
be
的一般过去时
构成：主语
+
be
（
was, were
）
+
其他
主语是
”I”
时
-----
was
主语为单数时
-----
was
主语为复数及
you
时
-----
were
否定句的构成
:
主语
+
be + not
+
其他
was
not = was
n’t
were
not = were
n’t
【活学活用】填入适当的
be
动词。
1
、
Kitty_____an English girl.
2._________ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?
3
、
I_____not from Taizhou.
4. It ________ (be) hot yesterday and most children _______ (be) outside.
5
、
She_____tall.
6. How many people ________ (be) there in your class last term?
7. There ________ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening.
8. I__________(be) tired yesterday.
9.I _______ at school just now.
1
________ at the camp last week.
________ students two years ago.
________ on the farm a moment ago.
Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
2
、情态动词的一般过去时
构成：主语
+
情态动词
+
动词原形
+
其他
She
had
to
do
her homework yesterday.
注意：情态动词后的动词一定要用原形，而且只能是情态动词的过去式。
They should(
应该
) be right.
否定句的构成：主语
+
情态动词
+ not +
动词原形
+
其他
could not
=
couldn’t
must not
=
mustn’t
would not
=
wouldn’t
should not
=
shouldn’t
might not
=
might not
had not to
=
hadn
’
t to
【活学活用】填入适当的词。
1. She________(could not) speak English last year.
2. You________(must not) open the door last night.
3. They________(should not) be right at that moment.
4. She said she________(would not) go to Japan.
3
、行为动词的一般现在时
构成：主语
+
行为动词
+
其他
These boys liked playing football.
The girl read English every morning in 1998.
加
ed
方法：
1
．直接加
ed
：
work
——
worked look
——
looked
2
．以不发音
e
结尾的单词，直接加
d
：
live
——
lived hope
——
hoped use
——
used
3.
以辅音字母
+y
结尾的，变< br>y
为
i
加
ed
：
study
——
studied carry
——
carried worry
——
worried
26
个字母中
除
A
E
I
O
U
五个元音字母外，其余
21
个都是辅音字母
4.
以元音字母
+y
结尾的，直接加
ed
：
enjoy
——
enjoyed play
——
played
5.
以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母
+ed
：
stop
——
stopped plan
——
planned
不规则变化的动词过去式：
have---had
are ---were
get---got
say---said
feel---felt
do/does---did
is---was
go---went
drink--drank
eat--ate
bring----brought
think----thought
buy----bought
catch----
caught
teach
----
taught
sit----sat
wear----wore
cut----cut
sweep----swept
sleep----slept
become----became
【活学活用】
一、写出下例单词的过去式
2
isam_________
fly_______
plant________
are ________
drink_________
play_______
go________
make ________ does_________
dance________
worry________
ask _____
taste_________
eat__________ draw________
put ______
throw________ kick_________
pass_______
do ________
二、完成句子
and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.
__________ (read) English yesterday morning.
3.I ___________ (call) Mike this morning.
4.I listened but ___________ (hear) nothing.
___________ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.
week we _________ (pick) many apples on the farm.
__________ (make) him cry (
哭
) just now?
year the teacher ___________ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.
____________ to Japan last week.
( move)
10. He ate some bread and _________ (drink) some milk.
4.
否定句的构成
:
主语
+
助动词（
did
）
+not +
行为动词原形
+
其他
These boys didn
’
t
（
did not
）
like
playing
football.
The girl didn
’
t
（
did not
）
read English every morning last year.
注意：
didn
’
t
之后动词一定要用原形
【活学活用】
一、将下面句子改成否定句
1.I had a word with Julia this morning.
___________ _____________________________________
Ming studied English this morning.
_ _______________________________________________
was an apple on the table last night.
________________________________________________
4. I got up very early this morning.
______________________________________________ __
5.
The police stopped me on my way home last night.
___________________ _____________________________
6. They gave the concert last night.
________________ ________________________________
二、按照要求改写句子
1. Mike _________________(not go) to bed until 12 o
’
clock last night. So she _______ (get ) up late.
2. He __________ (not find ) his key last night.
3. Her mother __________ (not give) the girl any present one her birthday.
4. Last week, I _________( not
buy) a new bike, I _______(buy) a new kite instead.
5.
一般疑问句
含
be
动词或情态动词的一般疑问句
Were
you
a student
？
be
动词
主语
其它
Yes
，
I was.
No
，
I
wasn
’
t.
be +
主语
+
其它部分？
肯定回答：
Yes
，主语
+be
3
否定回答：
No
，主语
+be+not
注意：在回答时，主语要用相应的代词代替
Could
you
speak
English
last year?
情态动词
主语
动词原形
其他部分
Yes
，
I
could.
No
，
I
couldn
’
t.
情态动词
+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其它部分？
肯定回答：
Yes
，主语
+
情态动词
否定回答：
No
，主语
+
情态动词
+not
注意：在回答时，主语要用相应的代词代替
含
be
或情态动词一般疑问句的改写
秘诀：一调二改三问号
一调：即把句中的
be
或情态动词调到主语前；
二改：改换主语称谓，即将句中的主语
I my mine we our ours
等第一人称分别改为相应的第二人称
you your yours
等；
三问号：句末的句号改为问号
【活学活用】将下例句子改成一般疑问句
1.
I was an English teacher .
_________________________________________
2. He was happy yesterday.
_________________________________________
3. They were glad to see each other last year.
_________________________________________
4. I should sweep the floor a moment ago.
_________________________________________
行为动词一般疑问句的构成
问句：
Did your parents go to school yesterday
？
肯答：
Yes
，
they did.
否答：
No
，
they didn
’
t.
肯定回答用“
Yes,
主语
+ did.
”
否定回答用“
No,
主语
+didn
’
t(did not).
”
特别注意：对于行为动词的一般疑问句一定要注意动词的还原，
因为时态与数的变化已经体现在助动词上了。
含行为动词（或称为实义动词）一般疑问句的改写：
秘诀：一加二改三问号
一加：即在句首加助动词
did
；
二改：
1
、把谓语动词改为原形；
2
、改换主语称谓；
三问号：句末的句号改为问号。
【活学活用】按照要求改写句子
2.
We read English every morning last year.
（改为一般疑问句）
_________________________________________ _________
2. Tom
’
s father listened to English on the radio every evening .
（改为一般疑问句）
4
____________ _______________________________________
3. Mr. Green came to Shanghai a week ago.
（改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答）
_____________________ ______________________________
4. Millie lived in a flat in Beijing last week.
（改为一般疑问句
,
并做否定回答）
______________________________ _____________________
5. Daniel enjoyed playing computer games. (
改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答
) < br>_______________________________________________ ____
6.
特殊疑问句
以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：
what who whose which when
where how why
等。
特殊疑问句有两种语序：
（１）
．
如疑问词作主语或主语的定语，
即对主语或主语的定语提问，
其语序是陈述句的语序：
疑问词
（＋
主 语）＋谓语动词＋其他成分？如：
who was singing in the room
﹖
whose bike was red
﹖
（２）
．如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其语序是：疑问词＋一般疑问句语序？
如：
what class were you in
﹖
What did she look like
﹖
Where were you from
﹖
What time did he get up every morning
﹖
How did you know
﹖
特殊疑问词
+
助动词
+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他？
eg:Where did you do study English?
特殊疑问词
+be
动词
+
主语
+
其
eg:Why was your Mum so angry?
特殊疑问词
+情态动词
+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他？
eg:What could I do for you?
【活学活用】
一、选择正确的单词填空
(who, where, when)
1._____ was that pretty girl? She was my sister.
2._____ were Jack and Tom? They were behind you.
3._____ did you go to school? I went to school from Monday to Friday.
4._____ had a beautiful flower? John had a beautiful flower.
5._____ were they? They were my parents.
6._____ was my mother? She was in the living room.
7._____ were you going? We were going to the bakery(
面包坊
).
8._____ did Jim and Wendy play ball? They played ball in the afternoon.
9._____ did he jog? He jogged in the park.
10._____ were you last night? I was at home.
二、就画线部分提问
was my father.
___ ______________________________________________
were under the tree.
5