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2021年2月2日发(作者：韩国温情电影)
直接引语变为间接引语方法
:
一、如何变人称
;

下面 有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。
“一随主”是指在直接引语变间
接引语时 ，
如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。
从句中的人称要按照主句中
主语 的人称变化如
:

She said.
→
She said her brother wanted to go with her.

“二随宾”< br>是指直接引语变间接引语时，
若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。
或被第二人你
所修饰。
从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。
如果引号外的主句没有宾语。
也 可以
用第一人称，如
:

He said to Kate.
→
He asked Kate how her sister was then
。


“第三人称不更新”
是指直接引语变间接引语时。< br>如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被
第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如
:

Mr Smith said
。


。

→
Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker
。


二、如何变时态
:

直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。


现在时它需改为过 去时态
;
过去时态改为完成时
;
过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如
:

1)She said.
→
She said she had lost a pen

2)She said.
→
She said they hoped so.

3) She said.
。

→
She said he would go to see his friend
。


但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。


①直接引语是客观真理。



→

The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth
。


②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如
:

Jack said.
→
Jack asked John where
he was going when he met him in the street
。


③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如
:

Xiao
Wang
said.

was
born
on
April
2l,
1980
。

→
Xiao
Wang
said
he
was
born
on
April
20,
1980
。


④直接引语如果是一般现在时。
表示一种反 复出现或习惯性的动作，
变间接引语，
时态不变。
如
:

He said,
。

→
He said he gets up at six every morning
。


⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式
(
例
:ought to
，

had better, used to)
和已经是
过去时的形式时，
(
例
:could, should, would, might)
不再变。如
:

Peter said.
。

→
Peter said I had better go there that day
。


三、如何变状语
:

直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”
(
例
:now
变为
then, yesterday
。变为

the day before)
地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修
饰的 状语，由“此”改为“彼”
(
例
:this
改为
that),
如
:

He said,
→
He said those books were his.

四、如何变句型
:

①直接引语如果是陈述句，
间接引语应改为由
that
引导的宾语从句。
如
:She said,
arrive in five minutes.
→
She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.

②直接引语如果是反意疑 问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由
whether
或
if

1
引导的宾语从句
.
如
:He said,
→
He asked John if he could swim.


have
finished
the
homework,
haven
‘
t you?
my mother
asked.
→
My
mother
asked
me
whether I had finished the homework.


→
He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.

③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代 词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句
(
宾
语从句必须用陈述句语序
)
。

She asked me,
→

She asked me when they had their dinner.

④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为

等
) sb (not) to do sth.
句型。
如
:


’
t make any noise,
→
She told (ordered) the children not to make
any noise.
→
She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.

⑤直接引语如果是以
“
Let
‘
s
”
开头的祈使句，
变为间接引语时，
通 常用
“
suggest +
动句词
(
或
从句
)
。”如
:

He
said,

’
s
go
to
the
film.
→
He
suggested
going
to
the
film.
或
He
suggested
that
they
should go to see the film.

引述别人的话有两种方式
:
一是使用引号引 出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语
;
一是用自己的话
把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引 语。例如
:

John said,
’
m going to London with my father.

约翰说
:
我要和父亲到伦敦去。

引号内是直接引语
)

John said that he was going to London with his father.

约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。
(
宾语从句是间接引语
)


由直接引语变为间接引语，分以下情况
:

1.
直接引语是陈述句时


间接引语为
that
引导的宾语从 句
(
口语中
that
可以省略
)
，主句的引述动词主要有< br>say
,tell,
repeat, explain, think
等。


He said ,
’
He said (that ) I was younger than him.

2.
直接引语是疑问句时


间接引语为陈述语序
:
主句的谓语动词
say
改为
ask,
或改为
wonder, do not know, want to know,
be not sure, be puzzled
等。


(1)
一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为
if (whether)
引导的宾语从句。


She said,

→
She asked me if (
或
whether)I often went there to read newspapers.

She asked me ,
’
t you?

→
She asked me whether(
或
if )I had seen the film.

(2)
选择疑问句变为
whether
…
.or
宾语从句。


I asked him,

→
I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.

(3)
特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。


He asked ,

→
He asked me where I lived.

3.
直接引语是祈使句时


间接引语为不定式，作
ask
,
tell,
beg,
order,
warn,
advise
等动词的宾语补足语
(don
’
t
变为
not ).


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