语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答

why

提出的问题。

当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，

就用

as

或

sinc e

。由

because

引导的从句如果 放在句末，且前

面有逗

号，则可以用

for

来代替。但如果不是说明直接

原 因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用

for

。

Since/now

that

都表示“既然”

now th at

一定要是现在发生的，

since

可以是现在，也可以是过去和现在。

long

as/on

多用一般时态，

如果表示 一般将来的情况，

就用一般现在

时，如果表示过去将来的情况， 就用一般过去时。

原因

because/as/since/now that/for

状语

条件

if/unless/once/in

状语

condition that

case/as

目的

(so)

that,/in

order

that/for

fear

that/in

so that

和

in order that

后常接

may, should, could, would

等

状语

case/lest

情态动词

结果

so…that, such…that

状语

such

是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，

so

是副词，只能

修饰形容词或副词。

so

还可与表示数量的形容词

many,

few, much, little

连用，形成固定搭配。

比较

than/

as…as

，

not

so/as…as/the

more…the

状语

more

方式

as if, as though, as, (just)as

状语

as if

和

as though

引导的从句一般用虚拟语气。

though / although / even if / even though/ as

让步

/ while

，

no matter what / who / which / how

as

在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式 ；

although

和

though< /p>

状语

/

when,

whatever

/

whoever

/

whichever

/

用正常语序 ，可和

yet

连用，但不可和

but< /p>

连用

however /

whenever

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近年高考题荟萃

1. She had just finished her homework

her mother asked her to practice playing the piano

yesterday.

A. when

B. while

C. after

D. since

2. My parents don’t mind what job I do

I am happy.

A. even though

B. as soon as

C. as long as

D. as though

3. You can’t borrow books from the school library ______ you get y

our student card.

A. before

B. if

C. while

D. as

4. All the dishes in this menu,

otherwise stated, will serve two to three people.

A. as

B. if

C. though

D. unless

e of the financial crisis, days are gone _

_ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for

one night.

A. if

B. when

C. which

D. since

6.

____ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.

A. Before

B. Where

C. Unless

D. Until

7

.I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long

，

but it’ll still be some time __

Brian gets back.

A. before

B. since

C. till

D. after

8.

We’ll have a picnic in the park this Sunday _____

it rains or it’s very cold.

A. since

B. if

C. unless

D. until

9.

in the fields on a March afternoon

，

he could feel the warmth of spring.

A

．

To walk

B

．

Walking

C

．

Walked

D

．

Having walked

10.

You’d better not leave the medicine

kids can get at it.

A.

even if

B. which

C. where

D. so that

1

1. I won’t call you

，

something unexpected happens.

A. unless

B. whether

C. because

D. while

12.

—Where’s

that report?

—

I brought it to you

you were in Mr. Black’s office yesterday.

A. if

B. when

C. because

D. before

13. Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees

，

but

they have eggs or young chicks

，

they

don’t use a nest.

A. why

B. how

C. unless

D. where

14.

—

when has the country been open to international trade?

—

1978

，

I suppose.

A. Since

B. In

C. From

D. After

15. My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house

there

is

a power out.

A. if

B. unless

C. in case

D. so that

16. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice

，

they knew it to be valuable.

A. as if

B. now that

C. even though

D. so that

17.

I really don’t like art

，

I find his work impressive.

A. As

B. Since

C. If

D. While

18.

you’ve tried it

，

you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.

A. Unless

B. Because

C. Although

D. When

19. If you are traveling

the

customs

are

really

foreign

to

your

own

，

please

do

as

the

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Romans do.

A. in which

B. what

C. when

D. where

20. In time of serious accidents

，

we know some basic things about first aid

，

we can

save lives.

A. whether

B. until

C. if

D. unless

can you expect to learn anything

you never listen

？

A. in case

B.

even

if

C. unless

D. when

peace

，

too

，

the Red Cross is expected to send help

there is human suffering.

A. whoever

B. however

C. whatever

D. wherever

2

is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it

，

.

A. how much may it cost

B. no matter how it may cost

C. however much it may cost

D. how may it cost

2

4. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early

I can have time for a cup of tea.

A. as soon as

B. as a result

C. in case

D. so that

25. He tried his best to solve the problem

，

difficult it was.

A. however

B. no matter

C. whatever

D. although

四、

状

语从句写作优化

1.

以

af ter

和

before

引导的状语从句 的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于

after/before+doing sth.

作状语。

例：

After she sang

，

she left the rich man's house

．

= After singing

，

she left the rich man's house

．

翻译：大学毕业之后，他到国外深造。

_________________________________________________ ____________________________

2.

以

as soon as

引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，

从 句等于

on+doing sth.,

作状

语，此时的动词为非延续性动词。

例：

Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village

．

= Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village

．

翻译：警察赶到事故现场立即将伤者送往医院

______________________________________________ _____________________________

3.

时间状语从句和条件状语从句的 主语和主句主语一致时，

有时可简化为不定式作状语。

例：

She stopped when she saw her husband

．

= She stopped to see her husband

．

If you want to understand the farmers

，

you must go to the countryside

．

=______________ __________________

，

you must go to the countryside

．

4.

结果状语从句和目的状语从句的 主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化为不定式作状语；

若两者主语不一致时，则应简化为不 定式的复合结构作状语。

例：

He was so tied that he couldn't go any further

．

= He was too tied to go any further

．

I came here so that I could ask some questions

．

= I came here___________ some questions

．

5.

以

wh en

，

while

引导的时间状语从句 和以

if

引导的条件状语从句的主语若与主句主语

一致时，从句等于

when/while/if +doing sth.< /p>

作状语，

表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的

进行过程之中。

例：

When he turned on the radio

，

he found it broken

．

= When turning on the radio

，

he found

it broken

．

While she was walking along the street

，

she was hit by a car

．

=___________ ________________________

，

she was hit by a car

．

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