使役动词的用法详解

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2021年02月06日 17:36
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使役动词



使役动词



1.


使役动词是表示使、令、让、帮、叫等意义的不完全及物动词



,


主要有使


,




, let






, help




帮助




, have




有;让;从事;允许;拿




等。



2.


使役动词后接受词



,


再接原形不定词作受词补语。



接宾语时,人称代词用宾格。



He made me



宾格




laugh.


他使我发笑。



I let him go.


我让他走开。



I helped him repair the car.


我帮他修理汽车。



Please have him come here.


请叫他到这里来。



3.


使役动词还可以接过去分词作受词补语。



I have my hair cut every month.


我每个月理发。



4.


使役动词的被动语态的受词补语用



不定词



,


不用原形不定词。






He made


me laugh.



他使我笑了。






I was made to laugh by him.


我被他逗笑了。



使役动词有以下用法:



a. have somebody do sth


让某人去做某事



I had him arrange for a car.


b. have somebody doing sth.


让某人持续做某事。



He had us laughing all through


lunch.


注意:用于否定名时,表示“允许”



i won't have you running around in the house.


我不允许你在家里到处乱跑。



小议“使役动词”的用法



1. have sb do


让某人干某事



:What would you have me do have sb/sth doing


让某人


或某事处于某种状态,听任



: I won't have women working in our company.


The two cheats had the light burning all night long. have sth done


让别人干某事,遭


受到







:you 'd better have your teeth pulled out.


He had his pocket picked. notes:


这个动作不是主语发出来的。



sb do sth


让某人干某事



:They made me repeat the story.


What makes the grass grow notes: I was made to repeat the story.


make sb/sth done/adj./n


. The news made him happy.


He couldn't make himself


He made her his wife.


sb to do


使某人干某事



: I can't get anyone to do the work properly.


get sth done


让别人干某事



: I must get my hair


paint the gate.


I'll leave you to settle all the business. leave sb doing


让继续处于某种状态



: Don't


leave her waiting outside in the rain.


We left him painting the gate. leave sth done/adj./ :Please excuse me if I have left


any of your questions


His illness has left him


I was left with a ray of hope.


使役性动词


(


Causative Verb


)



/have/ let +sb +do sth. set/leave + sb to do/doing sth.


不完全及物动词



weak .


unanswered .


cut .


Can you get the work finished in time sb to do sth


让某人干某事



: We left him


to


heard above the noise of the traffic.


His actions made him universally respected.


不完全及物动词



1.


不完全及物动词是除要有受词外



,


还需要受词补语以补足其意义的



及物动


词。



【参见与格动词



,


完全及物动词】







2.


由不完全及物动词构成的句型一般为



受词补语。



His mother named him Tommy.


他母亲叫他汤米。



:


主词



+


不完全及物动词



+


受词



+



Tommy


是受词补语



,


若没有这个字



,


这句话的意思就不完整



,


因此



named



不完全及物动词。



不完全不及物动词其实就是联系动词



,


虽有意义



,


但不完全



,


需要加名



词、形


容词、代名词等作主词补语以



补足其意义。



联系动词按其含义可以分为二类。



类型



1:


表示状态和状态的持续



,



:



be






, seem




似乎




, look




看起来




, appear




似乎




, feel








, sound




听起来




, smell




闻起来




, taste




尝起






, keep




保持




,


remain




保持




, stand




站立




, lie






, stay




停留




等。



类型



2:


表示从一种状态转变为另一种状态



,



:



bec ome



变成



, go




变得



, get




变得



, turn




变成



, grow




变成



, fall




变成某种状态




, come




成为




, run




变成





等。



值得注意的是:



联系动词没有被动式。



及物动词和不及物动词的用法比较



1




及物动词



后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,叫做及物动词




transitive verb




。如:



I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.


相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议。




How long can I keep the book


我可以借多久”



Dr. Bethune set us a good example.


样。



Crude oil contains many useful substances.


物质。



2



不及物动词



本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词,叫做不及物



动词




intransitive verb




Birds fly.


鸟会飞。



It happened in June 1932.


这件事发生于一九三;年六月。



她在昨天晚上的会



。如:



原油含有许多有用的



白求恩大夫给我们树立了好榜




Harry asked.


哈里问:“这本书





My watch stopped.


我的表停了。



She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening.


上发了言。



3





兼作及物动词和不及物动词



英语里有不少



实义动词可以兼作及物



动词和不及物动词。这样的动词又有两种不同的情况:




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