【人教版精品】高一英语必修四导学案全集
干露露资料-
必修四
Unit 1 Great
women and their achievements
一、语言要点
I
单元要点预览
（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词语
1. campaign /
war / battle / worthy / worthwhile 3. argue
/ debate
辨析
1.
connect vt.
连接；联系；
connection n.
联系，关
接通电话
vi.
连接，衔接
系；连接
2. argue
vt.&vi.
讨论；辩论
argument
n.[c]
争论；
争辩；
3. crowd n.
人群，群众；
crowded ad
j.
充
(
拥
)
满
v.
聚集；挤满；挤，推
了的，拥挤的
4. inspire
vt.
鼓舞；激发；
inspiration n.
鼓舞；
inspired
adj.
受灵感启示
词形
启示
灵感
的
inspiring
adj.
鼓舞人
变化
心的
5. considerate
adj.
体贴的，
consideration
n.
考虑，
considerable
adj.
相当大
体谅的
要考虑的事；体贴
(
或多
)
的
6. deliver vt.
递送
(
邮件
)
，
de
livery n.[c,u]
投递；
deliverer
递送者
词
接
演讲
汇
<
/p>
生；生
(
小孩
)
；发表
(
演
部
说
)
分
1. achievement
n.[C]
成就，功绩
2.
behave vt.&vi.
举动；
(
举止或行为
)
表现
3. observe vt.
观察；观测；遵守
重点
4. respect
vt.&n.
尊敬；尊重；重视
单词
5. argue
vt.&vi.
讨论；辩论；争论
6. support vt.&n.
支持；拥护；支撑；赡养；给予帮助﹑
同情等的人
7. intend
vt.
计划；打算
8.
deliver vt.
接生
(
小孩
)
，递送，发表
(
演说
)
1. look down upon /
on
蔑视；瞧不起
2. refer
to
谈到；查阅；参考；查询；提及；指
……
而言
重点
3. come across
(
偶然
)
遇见；碰见
词组
4. carry on
继续；坚持
5.
live/lead a... life
过着
……
的生活
1. Watching a
family of chimps wake up is our first activity of
the day.
2.
Only
after
her
mother
came
to
help
her
for
the
first
few
months
was
she
重点句子
allowed to
begin her project.
3. She also worked
hard to make as many countries as possible agree
not to use
them.
重点语法
主谓一致（见语法部分）
II
词语辨析
(
旨在提供完形填空所需材料
)
1 / 59
1.
campaign / war / battle
【解释】
war “
战争
”
的总称，一般包括多个战役的大规模战争。
battle “
战斗
< br>”
，指有组织的武装部队之间的战斗，有持续几小时的，也有持续几天的。
campaign“
战役
< br>”
，指在某一地区所进行的一连串有固定目的的军事行动，规模比
battle
大；还用来表
“
政治或商业性的活动、竞选活动
”campaign for/against
从事运动
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). They won the _______ but lost the
_______.
2). The city hall is planning
to start a _______ against smoking.
Keys: 1). battle; war 2). campaign
2. worth / worthy / worthwhile
【解释】
worth
只能作表语，其后接钱数、名词或及物动词的动名词的主动一般形式
:
be
worth
doing
worthy
可作表语，后接
of+
名词
/of+
动名词的被动形式
/
不定式的被动形式
: be worthy of
+
n.
/ of being done / to be
done
也作定语，
“
值得
……
的
”
，
“
有价值的
”
：
a worthy
winner
名副其实的赢家
wor
thwhile
可作表语和定语
: a worthwhile
job
值得做的工作
it is worthwhile
to do/doing
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). The necklace was ______ 100 francs
at most.
2). It’ s ______ to discuss
the question again.
3). You
would find it ______ your while to come to the
meeting.
4). Can’ t you find something
______ doing at all? The book is _______ _______
_______ (
很
值得读
) a second time.
5).
This
place
of
interest
is
worthy
_______
_______
_______
/
_______
_______
______
/_______ _______
_______ (
参观
).
Keys: 1). worth 2). worthwhile
3). worth 4). worth; well worth reading
5). of a visit / of being visited / to
be visited
3. argue / debate
【解释】
argue
指某人坚持自己的主张，举出事实和理由说服某人或反对其他方面的意见。
<
/p>
debate
指辩论者长在自己的立场公开争论一个问题。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). We ______ with her ______ how to go
there.
2). They ______ the case for
hours.
3). They ______ the question
openly.
4). Last week, our class had a
______ over whether middle school students should
carry cell
phones at school.
Keys: 1). argued; about 2). argued
3). debated 4). debate
III
词性变化
（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. connect
vt.
连接；联系；
connection n.
联系，关
接通电话
vi.
连接，衔接
系；连接
2 / 59
2. argue
vt.&vi.
讨论；辩论
argument
n.[c]
争论；争辩；
3. crowd n.
人群，群众；
crowded ad
j.
充
(
拥
)
满了的，拥
v.
聚集；挤满；挤，推
挤的
4. inspire vt.
鼓舞；激发；
inspiration n.
鼓舞；灵感
inspired
adj.
受灵感启示的
启示
inspiring
adj.
鼓舞人心的
5.
considerate
adj.
体贴的，
consideration
n.
考虑，要考虑
considerable adj.
相当大
(
或多
)
体谅的
的事；体贴
的
6. deliver vt.<
/p>
递送
(
邮件
)<
/p>
，
delivery
n.[c,u]
投递；演讲
deliverer
递送者
接
生；生
(
小孩
)
；发表
(
演
说
)
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). It was ________ (consideration) of
you not to play the piano while I was asleep.
2). The good news _______ (inspire) us
with hope.
3). The children had an
_______ (argue) about what game to play.
4). Please pay on ________ (deliver).
5). Taking everything into ________
(consider), the event was a great success.
6). The narrow roads were ________
(crowd) with holiday traffic.
7). What
is the _______ (connect) between the two ideas?
Keys: 1). considerate
2).
inspired
3). argument
4). delivery
5). consideration
6
). crowded 7).
connection
IV
重点词汇
（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1.
behave vt.&vi.
举动；
(
举止或行为
)
表现
behavio(u)r n.
行为；举止；习惯
[
典例
]
1). Behave yourself; don
’ t
make a fool of yourself.
注意你的举止
,
别闹出笑话来。
2). How
is your new car behaving?
你的新车性能如何？
[
重点用法
]
behave oneself
使某人自己举止规矩
behaviour
towards/to...
对
……
的态度
/
行为
[
练习
]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). It’ s hard to train children to
_______ _______ (
举止得体
) at
the table.
2). She is always _______
_______ (
举止得体
) at school.
3). Their _______ (behave) _______
(
介词
) me shows that they do
not like me.
Keys: 1). behave well
2). well behaved 3). behaviour
towards
2. achievement
n.[c]
成就，功绩
achieve vt.
取得，完成
[
典例
]
1). He received the Nobel Prize for his
scientific achievements.
他因科学上取得的成就而获得<
/p>
诺贝尔奖。
2). Flying
across the Atlantic for the first time was a great
achievement.
首次飞越大西洋是一
个伟大的功绩。
[
重点用法
]
3 / 59
achieve an aim /
goal
达到目标
achieve success
获得成功
[
练习
]
根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). Without the support of the people
we can _______ _______.
2). I have
achieved only half of _______ I hope to do.
3). Congratulations to you
(
介词
) _______ such a complete
victory.
Keys: 1). achieve nothing
2). what 3). on; achieving
3. observe vt.
观察；观测；遵守
observation n.[u]
观察；观测；监视
[
典例
]
1). The police observed the man
entering/enter the bank.
警方监视着那男子进入银行的情况。
2). The woman was observed to follow
him closely.
有人看到那女子紧跟着他。
[
重点用法
]
observe sb. do sth.
观察某人做某事<
/p>
(
已做完
)
observe
sb.
doing
sth.
观察某人正
在做某事
under observation
被监视
[
练习
]
用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。
1). They were observed ______ (enter)
the bank then.
2). Keynes _______
_______ (
观察到
) humans fall
into two classes.
Keys: 1). entering
2). observed that
4. respect vt.&n.
尊敬；尊重；重视
[
典例
]
1). If you don’ t respect yourself, how
can you expect others to respect you?
自己不自重
,
又怎
能受到别人尊重呢
?
2). I have the greatest respect for
you.
我非常尊敬您。
[
重点用法
]
respect sb. for sth.
因某事而尊敬某人
have / show respect
for
sb./sth.
尊敬某人
/
事
gain/get/earn/win the respect of sb.
赢得某人的尊敬
out of respect
出于尊敬
[
练习
]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). The new officer soon ________
(
赢得
) the respect of his men.
2). I ________ you ________
(
因某事而尊敬
) your honesty.
3). I have great respect _______
(
介词
) his ideas, although I
don’
t agree with them.
Keys: 1). won/earned
2).
respect; for 3). for
5.
argue vt.&vi.
讨论；辩论；争论
argument n.[c]
争论；争辩；争吵
[
典例
]
1). Don’ t argue with your mother.
不要和母亲争辩。
2). I
argued that we needed a larger office.
我据理力争我们需要大些的办公室。
4 / 59
[
重点用法
]
argue for (sb./sth.)
为
(
某人
/
某事
)
而辩护
argue
against
(sb./sth.)
反对某人
/
某事
)
而辩护
argue with sb. (
about/over sth.)
与某人
(
为某事
)
而争吵
argue that...
主张
……
argue sb. into/out of doing sth.
通过争论使某人做
/
不做某事
have
an
argument
about/over sth.
辩论某事
[
练习
]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词或翻译。
1). We ______ ______ ______ ______
(
说服她加入
) us.
2).
We argued _______ the waiter _______ the price
______ the meal.
Keys: 1). argued her
into joining 2). with; about; of
6. support vt.&n.
支持；拥护；支撑；赡养；给予帮助﹑
同情等的人
[
典例
]
1). Is this bridge strong enough to
support heavy lorries?
这座桥禁得住重型卡车通行吗
?
2). He was weak with hunger, so I had
to support him.
他饿得没有力气
,
我得搀着他。
[
重点用法
]
support sb./ a family
支持某人
/
赡养家庭
support sb. in (doing) sth.
在（做）
某事方面支持某人
support sb. by (doing) sth.
通过做某事支持某人
in
support of sb/sth
支持或支援某人
/
事物
support oneself
自力更生
give
support
to
sb.
支持、支援某人
[
练习
]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). Will you support me _______
(
介词
) my campaign for
election?
2). Jim was a great support
_______ (
介词
) them when their
father died.
3).
我求学期间由父母供养。
_____
__________________________________________________
____________________
Keys: 1). in 2).
to 3). I was supported by my parents when I was
studying.
7. intend vt.
计划；打算
intention n.
意图，意向，目的
[
典例
]
1). I hear they intend to marry/intend
marrying.
听说他们要结婚了。
2). I intend you to take over.
我打算让你来接管。
[
重点用法
]
intend to do/doing sth. = mean to do
sth.
打算做某
sth.
be
intended
for
(
某物
)
是为而准备的
intend
sb. to do sth.
打算让某人做某事
intend
sth.
as/to
be
打算让
某物作
< br>……
用
intend
that...
打算
……
[
练习
]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
5 / 59
1). This book is
______ ______ ______
(
是为初学者写的
).
2).
Was that remark intended _______
(
介词
) a joke?
3).
I didn’ t intend her ______ (see) the painting
until it was finished.
Keys: 1). intended for 2). as 3).
to see
8. deliver vt.
接生
(
小孩
)
，递送，发表
(
演说
)
delivery n.
投递
deliverer
递送者，交货人
[
典例
]
1). The baby was delivered in a clinic.
孩子是在一个医疗站接生的。
2).
Comrade Yang delivered the opening speech.
杨同志致开幕词。
[
重点用法
]
deliver a baby
接生小孩；生小孩
delivere
sth.
to ......
把某
物
送到
……
express
delivery
快递
on
delivery
送达时，货到
时
[
练习
]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。
1). Some new books have ______
(deliver) ______ (
介词
) the
schoo1.
2). The actor _______ his
speech _______ (
介词
) a soft
voice.
Keys: 1). been delivered; to
2). delivered/gave; in
V
重点词组
（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1.
look down upon/on
蔑视；瞧不起
[
典例
]
1). She looks down on people who've
never been to university.
她瞧不起没上过大学的人。
2).
You can’ t look down upon a person because he is
poor.
你不能因为某个人穷而瞧不起他。
[
重点用法
]
look
短语：
look on
sb./ sth. as = consider sb./ sth.
as
把某人看作
look on
袖手旁观
look into sth.
调查或观察某事物
look
up
查
< br>阅
(
单
词、资料
)
；向上看
look (sb.) up and down
上下打量<
/p>
(
某人
)
look
out
for
sb/sth
警惕或
留心某人
/
物
[
练习
]
根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). He was ______ ______ ______
(
被人看不起
) because of his
humble background.
2). He is ______
______ _______ (
被认为是
) the
leading authority on the subject.
3).
If you want to know how a word is used, ______it
______ in a dictionary.
Keys: 1).
looked down on 2). looked on as 3). look; up
2. refer to
谈到；查
阅；参考；查询；提及；指
……
而言
[
典例
]
1). We agreed never to refer to the
matter again.
我们同意不再谈这件事了。
2). She thought I was referring to her
daughter when we were talking.
当我们谈话时她以为我
6 / 59
指的是她的女儿。
[
重点用法
]
refer to sb./sth. as
把某人
/
物称作
交
；让某人向
……
求助
refer
sth./sb.
to
把某事提
[
练习
]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). Although she didn’ t mention any
names, everyone knew who she
was ______
______(
指
).
2).
He gave the speech _______ _______ _______
(
没有参阅
) his notes.
3). He likes to _______ _______ _______
_______ (
被称为
) “Doctor Khee”.
4). My doctor referred me
_______ (
介词
) a hospital
specialist.
Keys: 1). referring to
2). without referring to
3). be
referred to as 4). to
3. come across = run across = meet by
chance (
偶然
)
遇见；碰见
[
典例
]
1). I came across an old school friend
in Oxford Street this morning.
今天早上我在牛津
大街碰
见一位老校友。
2).
She came across some old photographs in a drawer.
她在抽屉里偶然发现一些旧照片。
[
短语归纳
]
come
短语：
come
about = happen
发生
来自
come out
出现；开花；出版或发表；透露；显出
现
come up with
sth
找到或提出（答案﹑办法等）
[
练习
]
用
come
短语的适当形式填空。
1). I _______ _______ some new words
while reading.
2). His new book will
_______ _______ next month.
come
from
come
up
升起；发生；出
3). She
_______ _______ _______ a new idea for increasing
sales.
4). Can you tell me how the
accident _______ _______?
5). How did
it _______ _______ that he knew where we were?
Keys: 1). came across 2). come out
3). came up with 4). came about 5). came about
4. carry on
继续；坚持
[
典例
]
1). Carry on (working/with your work)
while I'm away.
我不在的时候
,
要继续做工作。
2). They
decided to carry on in spite of the weather.
他们决定不管天气好坏都坚持。
[
短语归纳
]
carry
短语：
carry on
(doing sth/with sth.)
继续
(
做
)
某事
carry out
贯彻，执行
carry out a plan/orders/instructions
执行计划
/
命令
/<
/p>
指示
carry
sth
through
成功地完
成某事物
carry about
随身携带
7 / 59
carry
away
运走
,
使失去自制力
[
练习
]
根
据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或
carry
短语。
1). They decided to _______
_______ in spite of the weather.
2).
Extensive tests have _______ _______ _______ on
the patient.
3). It is a difficult job
but she’ s the person to carry it _______.
4).
Don’ t blame
me. I’ m only
_______ _______ my
orders.
Keys: 1). carry on 2). been
carried out on 3). through 4). carrying out
5. live/lead a... life
过着
……
的生活
[
典例
]
They live a peaceful life.
他们过着平静的生活。
[
短语归纳
] “v. +
同源宾语
”
结构：
smile a... smile
露出
……
微笑
dream a...
dream
做了个
……
的梦
sleep
a... sleep
睡个
……
觉
sing a... song
唱
……
的歌
die a... death
……
怎样地死去
fight a... battle
打
……
的仗
laugh a... laugh
发出
……
方式的笑声
[
练习
]
根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). We are living happily. = We are
living _______ _______ _______.
2).
_______ _______ _______ _______
(
多么艰辛的生活
) they lived!
3). I _______ _______ _______ _______
(
做了个美梦
) last night.
Keys: 1). living a happy life 2).
What a hard life 3). dreamed/had a beautiful
dream
VI
重点句子
（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. Watching a family of chimps wake up
is our first activity of the day.()
[
解释
]
动名词做主语的用法：
动名词做主语
往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作
(
在口语中也可以表示具体的动
作
)
。如：
Seeing is believing.
眼见为实。
/ Helping her is my
duty.
帮助她是我的责任。
动名词作主语时，句子有两种形式：
①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。如：
1). Playing tricks on others is
something we should never do.
捉弄别人是我们万万不能干
的。
2). Talking is easier than doing.
说比做容易。
②用
< br>it
作形式主语，把真正的主语
——
动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一
定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或
少数名词，如
: It is useless/worth/no good/no
use/no sense doing
sth.
等，如：
1). It
is useless trying to argue with Shylock.
和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。
2). It’ s no sense arguing with her.
和她争吵没有意思。
动名词短语作主语时的谓语动词用单数形式：
Learning new words is very important
for me.
学习新单词对我来说非常重要。
8 / 59
[
练习
]
用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). Talking _______ (mend) no holes.
2). _______ (walk) is a good form of
exercise for both young and old.
3).
Is it any good _______ (try) to explain?
Keys: 1). mends 2). Walking 3).
trying
2. Only after her
mother came to help her for the first few months
was she allowed to begin her
project.
她母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙，这才使她得以考虑自己的计划。
[
解释
]
以
“only+
状语
(
< br>通常是副词、介词短语或从句
)”
开头的句子要用部分倒
装，即将
助动词或连系动词置于主语之前，如：
1). Only after my friend came was the
computer repaired.
只有在我的朋友来后电脑才修好。
2). Only when you pointed it out for me
did I realize that I was wrong.
只有当你帮我指
出来了
我才意识到我错了。
注意：如
果以
“only+
主语
”
开头的句子不用倒装，如：
1). Only
we can help ourselves.
只有我们能帮自己。
2).
Only Tom failed in the exam.
只有汤姆考试不及格。
[
练习
]
用倒装句型翻译句子。
1).
只有用这种方法我们才能把英语学得更好。
< br>_______________________________________________ ___________________________
__
2).
只有当你看了说明后你才知道怎么使用这台机器。
____________________________________________ ______________________________
__
Keys: 1). Only in this way can we learn
English better.
2). Only after you
read the instructions do you know how to use the
machine.
3. She also worked
hard to make as many countries as possible agree
not to use them.
她努力劝
说尽可能多的国
家同意不使用它们（地雷）。
[
解释
]
as...as
possible
=
as...
as
one
can
“
< br>尽可能
”
，第一个
as
可接
adj./adv.
或
many/few
+
n.(pl.)
或
much/little +
n.[u]
，如：
1). Be
as kind to her as possible / you can.
对她尽可能和蔼些。
2). Do
your homework as carefully as possible / you can.
做作业尽可能地细心。
3).
Read as many useful books as possible / you can.
看尽可能多的书。
[
练习
]
翻译句子。
1).
在写作中，你应该尽量少犯错误。
_
__________________________________________________
_______________________
__
2).
为了养活一大家人，他卖力工作尽力多挣钱。
______________________________________________
____________________________
9 / 59
__
Keys: 1). You should make
as few mistakes as you can in your writing.
2). In order to support a large family,
he worked hard to earn as much money as possible.
二、课文要点
1
课文词汇等填空
（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
Jane Goodall, 1 had intended to
work with animals in their own 2
（环境）
since her
childhood, went to Africa and devoted
herself to 3
（
study
）
the behavior of chimps. It was
tough but she considered it as a 4
（有价值的）
career. Through her
study, we learned much
more about
chimps. She argued that the life of these animals
should 5
（
respect
）
and they
should
be
left
in
the
wild
and
not
used
6
entertainment.
Besides,
she
was
very
7
（
consider
）
of these animals. Now, she has 8
（实现）
every thing she wanted
to do, which
9
（激励）
those who want to cheer
the 10
（成就）
of women.
答案
: 1. who nment 3.
studying hile 5. be respected 6. for erate
ed ed ements
2
课文大意概括
（旨在训练用
30
个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用
30
来个
单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。
这一篇文章给我们介绍了
黑猩猩家庭，这使我们认识到，黑猩猩家族的关联就像人
类的家庭那么坚固。
Jane Goodall
的努力，以及她关于保护黑猩猩的观点使她取得
了不少
成就。
This
passage
introduces
______
__________________________________________________
_______
_______________________________
______________________________________________
__
答案：
This
passage
introduces
the
groups
of
chimps
to
us,
which
made
us
realize
that
the
bone of a chim
p family is as
strong as that of a human’s. Jane Goodall’s
efforts and her opinion
on the
protection of the chimps made her achieved a lot.
3
课文佳句背诵与仿写
（旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）
1.
【
原句
】
Following Jane’s way of studying chimps, our
group are all going to visit
them
in the forest.
跟着简研究黑猩猩的路线，我们团队都去森林中探望他们。
[
模仿要点
]
句子结构
现在分词，
+
主句
【
模仿
1
】
听取老师的意见，我
在英语学习上取得了快速进步。
_____________
__________________________________________________
______________
__
答案：
Following the teacher’s
advice, I made rapid progress in English
learnin
g.
【
模仿
2
】
按照指南，你一定会解决这问题。
______________________________
_______________________________________________
__
10 / 59
答案：
Following the
instruction, you will surely solve the problem.
2
【
原句
】
Only after her mother came
to help her for the first few months was she
allowed to
begin her project.
只有在她的母亲来帮助她的头几个月，才让她开始她的计划。
[
模仿要点
]
句子结构：
Only
+
状语（主句要倒装）
【
模仿
1
】
只有当您不遗余
力你能取得重大进展。
_________________
__________________________________________________
__________
__
答案：
Only when you spare no
effort can you make great progress.
【
模仿
2
】
只有当我
们认识到我们生活环境的重要性，我们才能意识到保护环境就是保护
我们的家。
_______________________________
______________________________________________
__
答案：
Only when we
came to realize the importance of our living
environment can we be aware
of the fact
that preserving nature is preserving our home.
三、单元自测
1
完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从
21
—
< br>30
各题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
项中，选出
最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。<
/p>
词数：
221
完成时间：
14
分
难度：
***
钟
I
consider myself something of an expert on
apologies. A quick temper has provided me with
plenty
of
opportunities
to
make
them.
In
one
of
my
earliest
21
,
my
mother
is
telling
me,
when you say, “I'm
sorry”.Hold your head up and look at the person in
the 23 , so he'll know you mean
it.
My mother thus made the key point
of a successful apology: it must be direct. You
must never
24 to be doing something
else. You do not look through a pile of letters
while apologizing to a
person 25
in position after blaming him or her for a mistake
that turned out to be your fault.
You
do not apologize to a hostess, whose guest of
honor you treat 26 , by sending, flowers the
next day without mentioning your bad
manners.
One of the important things
you should do for an effective apology is
readiness to 27 the
responsibility
for our careless mistakes. We are used to making
excuses, which leaves no 28
for the
other person to forgive us. Since most people are
open-hearted, the no-excuse apology
leaves both parties feeling 29
about themselves. That, after all, is the purpose
of every apology.
It
30
little
whether
the
apologizer
is
wholly
or
only
partly
at
fault:
answering
for
one's
actions encourages
others to take their share of the blame.
21. A. dreams B.
courses
C. memories
D. ideas
22. A. side
B. ground
C. wall
D. bottom
23. A. mind
B. soul
C. face
D. eye
11 / 59
24. A. pretend
B. forget
C. refuse
D. expect
25. A. poorer
B. weaker
C. worse
D. lower
26. A. cruelly
B. freely
C. roughly
D. foolishly
27. A.
raise
B. perform
C. admit
D. bear
28. A. situation
B. need
C. sign
D. room
29. A. wiser
B. warmer
C. better
D. cleverer
30. A.
cares
B. matters
C. depends
D. remains
答案：
本文阐述了一个观点，道歉要
真诚，要敢于承担责任，同时也批评了一些
“
假
”
道歉
的行为。
21
．选
C
．
紧接着的就是作者回忆出来的内容。
22
．选
B
．
与后面提到的
“
要抬起头
”
正好相反。
23
．选
D
．
道歉时看着对方的眼睛，以示真诚，在这一点上中西方是一样的。
24
．选
A
．
根据上下文得知，道歉时要诚恳，不能假装着做别的事。所以
这儿要用
“pretend”
。
25
．选
D
．
职位一般论要用
“
高、低
”
来衡量。不用
B
项
“
强弱
”
和
A
项
“
贵贱
”
26
．选
C
．
roughly
此处表示对待客人不礼貌，服务不到位。
27
．选
D
．
bear the responsibility
承担责任。
28
．选
D
．
leave no room
不留余地。
29
．选
C
．
better
表示
< br>“
心情更舒畅
”
未找借口的道歉
，即真诚的道歉，对方的感觉一定
很好。
30
．选
B
．道歉者是全部还是部分承担责任这些都不太重要：关键是为所作所为主动负
责，这也
能促使别人共同承担责任。
2.
语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结
构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的
词或使用括号中词语的正确形
式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为
31-40
的相应位置<
/p>
上。
词数：
180
完成时间：
9
分钟
难度：
***
Mr
Vincent was tired of living in the big city where
he worked. He wanted to move to the
country and 31 (live) in a house
from which he could get to his office in the city
early every
day. He was looking for a
house 32 he saw an ad in a newspaper one day.
The ad said that a
suitable house in a
quiet area was up for sale at a 33 (reason)
price, and the house was 34 a
stone's throw of a railway station 35
which there were frequent trains to the big city.
arranged to go down by
train 38 next day to have a look at the house.
The house agency met
him at the station
and they started walking. 39 took them at
least 15 minutes to get to the
house.
40 they reached, Mr. Vincent said angrily,
who threw the stone you mentioned in
the newspaper.
答案
12 / 59
31
．
live
32
．
until
33
．
reasonable
34
．
within
35
．
from
36
．
what
37
．
himself
38
．
the
39
．
It
40
．
When
31
．
live
，
and
连接两个动词不定式短语做
wanted
的宾语：
32
．
until
，考查
until
< br>引导的时间状语从句
.
33
< br>．
reasonable
，
re
ason
的形容词是加后缀
-able
，表
“
合理的
”
：
34
．
within
，介词
“
在
……
之内
”
-
35
．
from
，介词
from
加关系代词
which
引导限制性定语从句。
36
．
what
，由
< br>what
引导的名词性从句作表语：
37
．
himself
，
say to oneself
表
“
自言自语
”
：
38.
the
39
．
It
，
It takes somebody
some time to do something
句型，其中作
< br>it
形式主语：
40
．
When
，考查由
< br>When
引导的时间状语从句：
3.
阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将
该项涂黑。
< br>
词数：
315
完成时间：<
/p>
7
分钟
难度：
***
Washington:
A
research
conducted
at
the
University
of
Maryland
looks
at
the
numerous
complex reasons as to why young
children decide to include or exclude
(
排斥
) other kids from
their group of friends.
It
suggests
that
the
kids'
decision-making
process
is
much
more
complex
than
previously
believed.
take
into
account
group
information,
ranging
from
cliques
(
小圈子
)
and
networks,
when deciding what makes a group work
well. Sometimes kids are excluded because they
lack
social skills, but a lot of time
it has nothing to do with that. Instead it has to
do with what we
refer to as 'group
membership' such as gender, race, nation, and
culture,
Killen, the Associate Director
of the Centre for Children Relationships and
Culture at Maryland,
who led the 4-year
project.
Reporting
their
findings
in
the
journal,
the
researcher
said
whatever
was
the
reason,
individuals who
experienced pervasive (
普遍的
)
long-term exclusion from the group of friends
suffered from depression, anxiety and
loneliness.
The study looked at
two models to define how children make decisions
regarding acceptance
of
other
kids
in
their
group
--
the
individual
social
deficit
model
and
the
inter-group
social
cognition
(
认同
)
model.
While
the
former
says
that
children's
rejection
occurs
due
to
social
deficits
like
shyness,
wariness
or
fearfulness,
the
latter
says
that
it
happens
because
of
group
dynamics, prejudice and exclusion.
It
was
also
found
that
the
age
of
children
was
also
a
factor
that
influenced
their
decisions
regarding other
kids' acceptance as friends.
13 / 59
With this comes a
greater concern about group functioning, which can
lead to exclusion which
can be negative
from a social justice viewpoint,
The researcher believes that her study may have
many benefits, as it could provide insights
into how to help when children are
rejected by their peers.
41. While
making friends, kids think more about the
following EXCEPT _________.
A.
social skills
B. culture
C. race
D.
gender
42. The underlined word
A. skill
B. relationship C. weakness
D
. experience
43.
One of the major purposes of the research is to
_________.
A. tell the reader how
to tell inclusion from exclusion
B. remind children to be careful while
making friends
C. seek ways to help
kids excluded by their peers
D.
stop the children belonging to the inter-group
social cognition model
44. While making
friends, children exclude those of social deficit
model to _________.
A.
keep their groups purer
B. make their groups more socially
powerful
C. refuse other
customs and cultures
D.
prove their groups to be strict
45. The
proper title for this passage is _________.
A. Techniques of making friends
B. Social communication
among kids
C. Making
friends -- a special culture
D. Kids' complex way of making friends
答案：
孩子怎样在社会上交友？可以将他们分成几种类型？它们的特点是什么？本文将回
答这些问题。
41.
A
。
细节理解题。根据第三段第二、
三句可知：尽管孩子交友时有时排斥那些缺乏
社会技巧的人，但是大多数时候是根据性别
、种族、民族和文化等因素来确定
的。
42. C
。
词义辨析题。本段最后一句对
social
< br>deficits
做了解释：诸如
shyness,
wariness
or
fearf
ulness
，可见该词意思是指社会交往中的个性弱点。
43. C
。
细节理解题。可从最后一段得此答案。
44. B
。
综合理解题。第三段说
social
deficits
型的孩子害羞、胆怯；倒数第二段说随着
年龄
的增长，他们会意识到
group
dynamics
（团体力量）的重要性，而且越来越
关心
gro
up functioning
（团体的社会功能），由此可知
B
是正确答案。
45.
D
。
标题归纳题。本文第一段第一句
就提出了主题：孩子交友时的接纳与排斥给予
很多复杂的原因，恰好与
< br>D
的内容相符。而且后面各段都围绕此主题在分析原
因。
4.
基础写作
(
共
1
小题，满分
< br>15
分
)
14 /
59
周笔畅宣布退出
“
超女
”
演唱会巡演，重返校园。有些学生认
为她应该回校读书，有些
学生则不以为然。如果你是她，你会选择退出还是留下
?
请根据以下表格的内容，以
Wise <
/p>
Choice
为题，为《英语广场》杂志写一篇英语短文。
看法
理由
1
．演出花费太多的时间和精力
应该回校读书
2
．不能集中精力学习
3
．对未来自身的发展不利
1
．演出提供了一个展示才华的舞台
应该参加演出
2
．丰富演出经验，有利于将来的音乐生涯
3
．不应使歌迷们失望
你的观点可以自由发挥。
[
写作要求
]
1
．行文应连贯，内容应完整。
2
．题目和开头语已经给出。
3
．用
5
句话完成。
< br>
Wise Choice
After
the
singing
competition
Girls'
V
oice
Zhou
Bichang
declared
that
she
would
quit
the
Girls
tour
and
would
go
back
to
school
studying.
Some
students
think
her
choice is wise...
____________________________________________ _________________________________
______
__________________________________________________
_____________________
__________________
__________________________________________________
_________
______________________________
_______________________________________________
__________________________________________
___________________________________
____
__________________________________________________
_______________________
____________[
答案
]
Wise Choice
After the singing
competition
oice
quit the
is wise, they think the tour takes up
too much time and energy.
On the
other hand, the others think it is unwise for her
to quit the tour, they think that the
performances offer a wonderful stage
for her to show her singing talents in public.
Taking part in
the
tour
can
also
make
her
gain
more
musical
experience,
which
will
contribute
a
lot
to
her
future
musical career, and, she should not let her fans
disappointed.
In my opinion, I
think that if I were her, I would choose to quit
the tour. Anyway, learning at
school is
more important to one's life experience.
15 / 59
Unit 2 Working the land
一、语言要点
I
单元要点预览
（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词语
1. expand /
extend / spread / stretch
辨析
2. occupation
/ job / work / employment / career / profession
1. hunger n.[u]
饥饿；欲望
hungry adj.
饥饿的
expansion
n.[u,c]
扩
大；扩展
satisfied
adj.
对
……
satisfaction n.
满意
3. satisfy vt.
使某人满意
表示满意
达到要求；满足需要
satisfactory/sarisfying
词形
adj.
令人满意的
变化
4.
free adj.&adv.
自由的
(
地
)
freedom
n.
自由
免费的
(
地
)
vt.
解放
5. equip vt.&vi.
配备；装
equipment n.[u]
装
词
备
备；设备
汇
6. discover
vt.
发现，找到
discovery
n.
被发现的
discoverer n.
发现者
部
事物，发现
分
1. struggle
vi.&n.
斗争；拼搏；努力
2. equip vt.&vi.
配备；装备
重点
3. regret
(regretted) vt. (
对
……)
遗憾；惋惜
n.[c,u]
遗憾；惋惜
单词
4. reduce
vt.&vi.
减少；减缩
5. focus vt.&vi.
集中
(
注意力
)
；聚焦
n.[c,u]
焦点；中心点
6. comment vi.&vt.
表达意见；作出评论
n.[c,u]
评论；议论
1. thanks
to
幸亏；由于；因为
(
有时作反语
)
2. rid
sb./sth. of
使某人某物摆脱
3. be satisfied with
对
……
表示满足或满意
重点
4. would
rather
宁愿
……
词组
5. build up
逐渐建立；逐渐增强体质；积累；开发
6. lead to
导致；造成（后果）；通往
7.
keep...free from/of
使
……
免受
(
影响
/
伤害
)
；使
……
不含
(
有害物
)
1. In 1974, he became the first
agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice
that
has a high output.
重点句子
2. This
special strain of rice makes it possible to
produce one-third more of the
crop in
the same fields.
重点语法
V-ing
的基本用法（见语法部分）
II
词语辨析
(
旨在提供完形填空所需材料
)
1. expand / extend / spread
/ stretch
【解释】
expand
指向四面八方的扩大扩张
extend
强调向某一方向的延长
spread
指消息，疾病，瘟疫等的传播、蔓延，也指把某
物铺开，把胳膊张开
stretch
指手掌，手臂，腰，腿，颈由曲变直，由短变长的伸展或伸出，多与
out
连用
2. expand
v.
使变大；伸展
16 / 59
【练习】用
expand
，
extend
，
spread
，
stretch
的适当形式填空。
1). The man _______ the information
around.
2). The empire _______ its
country in the 16
th
century.
3). The road builders worked hard to
_______ the high way.
4). She _______
out her hands to meet me.
5). The
project will _______ the city’ s telephone network
to cover 1000
000 users.
Keys: 1). spread 2). expanded 3).
extend 4). stretch 5). expand
2.
occupation / job / work / employment / career /
profession
【解释】
o
ccupation
指一个人经常担任的工作，不论是否领取工资。
job
非正式用语，指一份固定的赚钱工作，不论是否需
要技术和特殊训练。
work
多用来
指工作本身，平常我们每做一件事无论大小，都可以称为
work
。
employment
指受雇于他人，领取工资谋生计，并且比较固定的工作。
career
指职业、事业；指某种经过特殊训练而又为之献
身的终身事业，带有崇高色彩。
profession
指那些必须受到特殊教育及训练才可胜任，带有专业性质的工作，多为创造性
的脑力劳动。
【练习】用
o
ccupation
，
job
，
work
，
employment
，
career
，
pro
fession
的适当形式填空。
1). She has a good ________ in the
bank.
2). She is an architect by
________.
3). She abandoned her stage
________.
4). Graduates are finding it
more and more difficult to find ________.
5). Please write down your name,
________ and address here in the form.
Keys: 1). job 2).
profession/occupation 3). career 4).
employment 5). occupation
III
词性变化
（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. hunger n.[u]
饥饿；欲望
hungry adj.
饥饿的
2. expand
v.
使变大；伸展
3.
satisfy vt.
使某人满意
达到要求；满足需要
expansion
n.[u,c]
扩大；扩展
satisfied adj.
对
…
…
表示满意
satisfaction n.
满意
satisfactory/sarisfying adj.
令人
满意的
4. free adj.&adv.
自由的
< br>(
地
)
freedom
n.
自由
免费的
(
地
)
vt.
解放
5. equip vt.&vi.
配备；装
equipment n.[u]
装备；设备
备
6. discover
vt.
发现，找到
discovery
n.
被发现的事物，发
discoverer n.
发现者
现
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). In some poor African areas, many
children died of ________ (hungry) every year.
2). The basic needs of the world
population should ________ (satisfy) first.
3). The survey found that men got
greater ________ (satisfy) from caring for their
families than
they did from work.
4). The rapid ________ (expand) of
cities can cause social and economic problems.
5). We were told to keep all our sports
________ (equip) in the lockers downstairs.
6). The people there enjoy complete
________ (free) of speech.
7). The
________ (discover) of electricity was Franklin.
8). Like many ________ (discover),
atomic power can be used for good or evil.
17 / 59
Keys: 1). hunger
2). be sarisfied 3). satisfaction 4). expansion
freedom 7). discoverer 8).
discoveries
5). equipment
6).
IV
重点词汇
（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1.
struggle vi.&n.
斗争；拼搏；努力
[
典例
]
1). They were struggling to get out the
burning car.
他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。
2). The book is about their struggle
for liberation.
这本书写的是他们为解放而作的斗争。
[
词语归纳
]
struggle for
为
……
而斗争
struggle
with
/ <
/p>
against
与
……
< br>作斗争
struggle to do
sth.
努力做某事
straggle to
one’ s feet
挣扎着站起来
a life-and-death
struggle
生死搏斗
[
练习
]
按要求填空或翻译。
1).
They are ________ (
为
……
而斗争
) the position
2).
They struggled all through the years ______ us
_______ the Japanese.(
介词
)
3). The fox struggled ________
(escape).
4). He _______ _______
_______ _______ (
挣扎着站起来
) and
dragged slowly ahead.
Keys: 1).
struggling for
2). with; against
3). to escape 4). struggled to his feet
2. equip vt.&vi.
配备；装备
equipment n.[u]
装备；设备
[
典例
]
1). They equipped themselves for the
expedition.
他们为远征治装。
2). A good education should equip you
for life.
有良好的教育能受用终生。
[
重点用法
]
equip sb./sth. with
用
……
武装某人；用
……
装备某
物
equip sb./sth. for
为
……
而武装某人；为
……
而装备某物
a piece of
office equipment
一件办公设备
[
练习
]
按要求填空或翻译。
1). The
soldiers were well _______ _______
(
装备好了
) weapons.
2). We must equip young teachers
_______ _______ _______ (
对付
)
difficult children.
3). This library
is equipped _______ (
介词
)
atomic research.
4). Our classroom
_______ _______ _______
(
装备有
) a computer and a tape
recorder.
Keys: 1). equipped with
2). to deal with 3). for 4). is equipped
with
3. regret (regretted)
vt. (
对
……)
遗憾；惋惜
n.[c,u]
遗憾；惋惜
[
典例
]
1). If you go now, you’ ll regret it.
假若你现在就走
,
一定得後悔。
2). I
regret to say the job has been filled.
十分抱歉
,
那个工作已经有人做了。
[
重点用法
]
18 / 59
regret to
say/tell/announce/inform
遗憾地说
/
告诉
/
宣布
/
通知
regret
doing / having done sth.
后悔已做了某事
regret that
遗憾
/
后悔
…
[
练习
]
用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。
1). I now regret _______ (leave) school
so young.
2). _______
_______ _______
_______(
非常抱歉
), I am unable
to accept your invitation.
3). I regret
_______ (inform) you that your contract will not
be renewed.
Keys: 1). leaving / having
done
2). Much to my regret/To my great
regret 3). to inform
4.
reduce vt.&vi.
减少；减缩
reduction n.
缩减，减少，降低
[
典例
]
1). He reduced his weight from 98 to 92
kilos/by 6 kilos.
他把体重从
98
公斤减少到
92
公斤。
2). The reform has reduced us to
servants of the State.
这一改革把我们都降为公务员了。
[
重点用法
]
reduce sth (from...) to...
把
某物从
……
减少到
……
reduce sth.
by...
减少多少
[
练习
]
根据句子意思填入正确的介词。
1). We must reduce our expenses ______
300 yuan a month.
2). Their output has
been reduced ______ 10 percent.
3). He
reduced his weight ______ 6 kilos.
Keys: 1). to
2). by
3). by
5. focus vt.&vi.
集中
(
注意力
)<
/p>
；聚焦
n. [c,u]
焦点；中心点
[
典例
]
1). Focus your camera.
把照相机的焦距调准。
2).
Her beauty makes her the focus of attention.
她长得漂亮
,
很惹人注目。
[
重点用法
]
focus on
集中于
focus (one’ s attention/mind/efforts) o
n
集中
(
注意力
/
心思
/
精力
)
于
[
练习
]
按要求填空或翻译。
1). The
focus of recent research has been _______
(
介词
) environmental issues.
2). All eyes _______ _______
(
集中于
) her.
3).
They focused their mind on ______ (do) the
experiment.
Keys: 1). on
2). focussed on 3). doing
t vi.&vt.
表达意见；作出评论
n. [c, u]
评论；议论
[
典例
]
1). The scandal caused a lot of
comment.
这件丑闻遭到很多议论。
2). “Will you resign, Minister?” “No co
mment!”“
部长，你是要辞职吗
?”“
< br>无可奉告。
”
[
重点用法
]
comment on/about sth./sb.
对某
事
/
某人评论
make comments/no comment on sth./sb.
对某事
/
某人评论
/
不进行评论
19 / 59
[
练习
]
按要求填空或翻译。
1).
Have you any comment(s) _______ (make) on the
recent developments?
2). Asked about
the date of the election, the Prime Minister
_______ _______ (
发表意见
) no
decision had yet been made.
3). She was asked about the pay
increase but _______ _______ _______
(
不进行评论
) on it.
Keys: 1). to make 2). commented that
3). made no comment
V
重点词组
（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）
1.
thanks to
幸亏；由于；因为
(
有时作反语
)
[
典例
]
1). Thanks to your help, much trouble
was saved.
多亏你的帮助
,
减少了许多麻烦。
2).
Thanks
to
the
bad
weather,
the
match
had
been
cancelled.
多亏这个倒霉天气
,
比赛取消
了。
[
重点用法
]
thanks to
相当于
because of /owing to /due
to /thanks to /on account of /as a result of
如：
1). He was
injured due to /owing to a car accident.
2). His failure is due to the fact that
he lacks experience.
3). The train
arrived late on account of /as a result of a heavy
snow.
4). Thanks to him, I’ m getting
better and better .
5). It
was thanks to your stupidity that we lost the game
.
[
练习
]
翻译句子。
1).
多亏了新的政策，我们现在过着幸福的生活。
______________________________________________
____________________________
_
2).
多亏了他的忠告我才得以成功。
(
用强调句
)
________
__________________________________________________
________________
_
3).
由于交通堵塞我迟到了。
_____
__________________________________________________
___________________
_
Keys:
1). Thanks to the new policy, we are now having a
happy life.
2). It was thanks to his
advice that I succeeded.
3). I was late thanks to the traffic
jam.
2. rid sb./sth.
of...
使某人
/
某物摆脱
……
[
典例
]
1). Many people are working hard to rid
the world of famine.
很多人在努力使世界不再有饥
荒。
2).
The
dentist
rid
him
of
the
pain
by
taking
out
his
bad
tooth.
牙科医生把他的坏牙拔
掉，使他
免除痛苦。
20 / 59
[
重点用法
] rid
短语：
be rid of
摆脱
get
rid
of
摆脱；除掉；去
掉
rid a house of mice
清除室内老鼠
rid
oneself
of
debt
还清债
务
[
类似用法动词
]
inform/ warn/ cure sb. of…
通
知
/
警告
/
治
愈某人
……
[
练习
]
翻译填空。
1). He
struggled to _______ _______ _______
(
使自己摆脱
) his guilt.
2).
The
proposals
are
an
attempt
to
_______
_______
_______
(
使
国
家
清
除
)
political
corruption.
3). He was a
boring nu
isance! I’ m glad to _______
_______ _______ (
摆脱他的纠缠
)
him.
4). I still can’ t _______ _______
_______ (
摆脱
) my cold.
5).
The
sales
manager
asked
his
men
to
_______
_______
_______
(
通
知
)
everything
concerning the
sales in time.
6). The passengers
______ _______ _______ (
警告
)
the danger of unsteady landing.
Keys:
1). rid himself of 2). rid the country of
3). be rid of 4). get
rid of
5). inform him of 6). are
warned of
3. be satisfied
with = be content with
对
……
表示满足或满意
[
典例
]
1). I was not satisfied with the
result.
我对那个结果感到不满意。
2). You’ve done well at school. I’m
very satisfied with you.
你在学校干得不错，我对你很满
意。
[
重点用法
]
sth. satisfy sb.
某事使某人满意
sb. is satisfied sth.
对
……
表示满足或满意
be satisfied to do
对做
……
感到满意
be satisfied that clause
对做<
/p>
……
感到满意
a satisfied smile
满意的微笑
a
satisfied
customer
感到满意的顾
客
feel a sense of
satisfaction
感到满足感
to sb’ s / sth’ s
satisfaction
使某人满意的是
far from satisfactory
远远不能令人满足
it is
satisfying (to do sth)
做某事是令人满意的
a
satisfactory explanation / performance
令
人满意的解释
/
演出
get/obtain/derive
sat
isfaction from one’ s work
从自己的工作中得到满足
[
练习
]
根据句子意思用
satisfy
的适当形式填空。
1). I am
not ________ (satisfy) with your work. You must
improve it.
2). The result doesn’ t
________ (satisfy) me.
3).
What he has done is far from ________ (satisfy).
4). He hung up the phone, ________
(satisfy) with a smile on his face.
5).
It can be very ________ (satisfy) to work in the
garden.
21 / 59
6). Finance
officials expressed ________ (satisfy) with the
recovery of the dollar.
Keys:
1).
satisfied
2).
satisfy
3).
satisfactory
4).
satisfied
5).
satisfying
6).
satisfaction
4.
would rather
宁愿
……
[
典例
]
1). I’ d rather walk than take a bus.
我愿意走路而不愿意坐公共汽车。
2).
“Some
more
wine?”
“Thank
you,
I’
d
rather
not.
I
have
to
drive
home.”“
再来一点酒好
吗
?”“
不要了，我不能再喝了。
我还得开车回家呢。
”
[
重点用法
]
would rather do A (than do B) = would
(prefer to) do A (rather than do B)
宁愿做
甲事
(
而不做
乙事
)
would
rather sb. did sth.
宁愿某人做某事
[
练习
]
用所给词的适当形式填空或翻译。
1). I would rather you ________ (know)
now, than afterwards.
2). Rather than
________ (ride) on a crowded bus, I prefer
________ (walk).
3).
她宁可死也不愿失去孩子们。
___
__________________________________________________
________________________
__Keys: 1).
knew
2). ride; to walk 3). She’ d
rather die than lose the children.
5. build up
逐渐建立；逐渐增强体质；积累；开发
[
典例
]
1). You need more protein to build you
up.
你需要增加蛋白质以增强体质。
2). He is now trying to build up a fine
reputation.
他正在努力逐步赢得好的声誉。
[
练习
]
翻译填空。
1). Slowly
a thick layer of fat ________ ________
(
越聚越多
)
on the
pan’ s surface.
2). Exercise
will help ________ ________
(
增强
) the muscles.
3). They have finally ________ ________
(
建立
) a big company.
Keys: 1). builds up 2). build up
3). built up
6. lead to
导致；造成（后果）；通往
[
典例
]
1). This misprint led to great
confusion.
这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。
2). His actions could lead to him
losing his job.
他的行为有可能会导致他丢了工作。
[
短语归纳
]
lead
短语：
lead sb.
to
把某人带到
lead
sb.
to
do sth.
导致某人做某事
lead
sb. in doing sth.
领导
/
带领某人做某事
lead
to
sb.
doing
sth.
导致
某人做某事
22 / 59
[
练习
]
根据句子意思填空或按要求填空。
1). The events ________ ________ the
start of the First World War.
2).
What led him ________ (kill) his wife?
3). He had led everyone ________
(believe) that his family was very wealthy.
4). Our research led us ________
(
介词
) the conclusion that the
present system is unfair.
5). Too much
work and too little rest often _______ _______
illness.
6). He will lead the party of
scientists ________ (do) the research.
7). Failure often lies in laziness
while hard work _ ________ success.
8). The driver’ s carelessness ________
________ the serious traffic accident.
Keys: 1). led to 2). to kill 3).
to believe 4). to 5). leads to 6). in
doing
7). leads to 8). led to /
resulted in
7.
keep...free from/of = protect sb./sth. from...
使
……
免受
(
影响
/
伤害
)
；使
……
不含
(
有害物
)
[
典例
]
1). We should keep ourselves free from
drugs.
我们应该远离毒品。
2). I hope you will keep yourself free
from tobacco and alcohol.
我希望你不抽烟不喝酒。
[
练习
]
根据句子意思填空。
1).
We’ ve managed to
________
the garden ________ ________weeds this year.
2). Relaxation exercises can ________
your body ________ ________ tension.
Keys: 1). keep; free of 2). keep;
free of
VI
重点句子
（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1.
In
1974,
he
became
the
first
agricultural
pioneer
in
the
world
to
grow
rice
that
has
a
high
output.
1974
年，他成了世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。
[
解释
]
不定式放在表示次序的词
the first, the
last, the best
以及
the only,
the very, the right
等
词
后
面
,
且
< br>这
些
词
与
动
词
不
定
式
有
逻
辑
上
的
主
谓
关
系
，
结
构
为
：
the
first/last/best/right/only/very/... +
n. + to do sth.
第一个
/
最后一个
/
最好的一个
/
合适的
/
唯一的
/
恰好的
……
做某事的人
/
物，如：
1). He is
always the first (student) to come and the last to
leave.
他总是第一个来和最后一个离
开的（学生）。<
/p>
2). The last man to leave
the sinking ship was the captain.
最后一个离开正在下沉的船的是船
长。
[
练习
]
根据句子意思填空。
1). I
think he is the right person ________ (tell) her
about this.
2).
I’ d be the
first
________ (admit) I might be
wrong.
Keys: 1). to tell 2). to
admit
2. This special
strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-
third more of the crop in the same
fields.
这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。
[
解释
] make it +
宾语补足语
+
动词不定式
, it
做形式宾语
,
动词不定式是真正的宾语，有时
23 / 59
真
正
的
宾
语
是
从
句
。
常
和
动
词
consider/think
/make/find/believe/declare/feel/guess/imagine/prov
e
等连用。如：
He felt it his duty
to take good care of them.
他感觉到好好照顾他们是他的责
任。
再如：
1). The bad
weather makes it impossible for us to go for a
picnic.
2). We make it a rule to do
some English practice before class.
3).
Tom found it very embarrassing to be reminded of
the long-standing debt.
4). Do you find
it funny to see someone sliding on a banana skin?
[
练习
]
翻译句子。
1).
我们觉得支持好的领导是我们的职责。
____________________________________
_______________________________________
2).
我记得我想你讲清楚我不会来的。
__________________________________________________
_________________________
Keys: 1). We
consider it our duty to support good leaders.
2). I remember I made it clear to you
that I was not coming.
二、课文要点
1
课文词汇等填空
（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
Yuan
Longping,
the
Father
of
1
(
超级杂交稻
),
is
a
famous
scientist.
he
has
2
(
奋
斗
)for the past five 3
(
十年
) for the Chinese
farmers. In 1953 when Dr Yuan graduated from
college, 4 (hungry) was a
disturbing problem in many parts of the
countryside. ____5____,
Yuan
wanted
to
help
___6__(
摆脱
)his
motherland
of
hunger
by
increasing
the
rice
output
without 7
(expand) the
area of the fields and he made it. Dr Yuan’s
another dream is to
8
(
出口
) his rice to
the world. Thanks 9 Dr Yuan, the UN has
more tools in the battle against
hunger
____10____the world.
答案
:
Hybrid Rice led ore 6. rid
ing 9. to hout
2
课文大意概括
（旨在训练用
30
个单词概括大意的能力）
阅读课文，试着用
30
来个
单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。
袁隆平是我国最著名的科
学家之一，已经取得了伟大成就，通过培植超级杂交稻使
世界消除饥饿。不过，他不在乎
名利和金钱，过着贫穷的生活。
_____________
__________________________________________________
______________
_________________________
__________________________________________________
__
____
答
案
：
Yuan
Longping,
one
of
China’s
most
famou
s
scientists,
has
made
great
achievements in ridding the world of
hunger by growing super hybrid rice . However, he
cares
little about fame and money and
enjoys leading a poor life.
3
课文佳句背诵与仿写
（旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）
24 / 59
1.
【
原句
】
Indeed, his sunburnt
face and arms and his slim, strong body are just
like those of
millions of Chinese
farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past
five decades.
事实上，他黑
黝黝的脸和胳膊和
他的苗条，强壮的身体就像那些数以百万计的中国农民的一样，在过
去
< br>50
年来他一直为他们而奋斗。
[
模仿要点
]
句子结构：
主句，
+
介词
+which
引导的定语从句
【
< br>模仿
1
】
在学校里，他学习许多
科目，如中文，数学，英语，物理，化学，计算机等，
其中他最喜欢英语。
_________________________________
____________________________________________
__
答案：
At school, he
studies many subjects, such as Chinese, Maths,
English, Physics, Chemistry,
Computer
and so on, of which he likes English best.
【
模仿
2
】
他有许多爱好，如打篮球，读小说，唱英语歌曲，集邮，他最喜欢收集邮票。
_______________________________________
______________________________________
_
_
答案：
He has various of
hobbies, such as playing basketball, reading
novels, singing English
songs,
collecting stamps, of which he likes collecting
stamps best.
2
．【
原句
】
Dr Yuan
Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.
袁隆平博士种植被称之
为高产量的杂交水稻。
[
模仿要点
]
句子结构：主句
+what/whatever
引导的宾语从句
【
模仿
1
】
学生喜欢生活中如何
新的东西。
______________________
__________________________________________________
_____
__
答案：
Students enjoy whatever
is new in their life.
【
模仿
2
】
通过考试，学生可以了解他们的弱点从而
更加努力学习。
____________________
__________________________________________________
_______
__
答案：
Through exams, students
will learn what their weak points are and then
study even harder.
3.
【原句】
Born
into
a
poo
r
farmer’s
family
in
1930,
Dr
Yuan
graduated
from
Southwest
Agricultural College in 1953. 1930
年出生于一个贫穷的农民家庭，，袁博士于
1953
年毕业
于西南农业大学。
[
模仿要点
]
句子结构：
过去分词作状语，
+
主句
【
模仿
1
】
配备了电子词典，学生觉得学习英
语更容易和更方便了。
_________________
__________________________________________________
__________
__
答案：
Equipped
with
electronic
dictionaries,
students
find
learning
English
much
easier
and
more
convenient.
25 / 59
【
模仿
2
】
位于城市的中心地带，这座公园给市民带来很多
享受。
________________________
__________________________________________________
___
__
答案：
Located
in the centre of the city, the park provides much
enjoyment to the citizens.
三、单元自测
1.
完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从
21
—
< br>30
各题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
项中，选出
最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。<
/p>
字数：
173
完成时间：
13
分
难度：
***
钟
Parents usually have the test intentions when it
comes to making sure their kids are growing
up healthy. But it can be a 21 ,
especially with a picky eater or a child who 22
videogames
to playing outdoors. The
reality is that exhausted and overworked parents
often 23 making
food choices based
on 24 -- serving the meal that's most
appealing, not necessarily the most
nutritious, or 25 it in front of a
TV
. Such habits take a toll. Last year,
the International Obesity
Task Force
26 that more than 35 percent of American
children ranging from 6 to 17 exceed-
ed
their
ideal
body
weight,
which
can
27
to
serious
long-
term
health
problems
like
heart
disease and diabetes
(
糖尿病
), as well as 28
and low self-esteem (
自尊
).
Good health choices
can also 29 a
long way -- not just toward physical health, but
mental health and intellectual
success,
too. Researchers at the Medical College of Georgia
found last year that kids who play
vigorously
(
精神旺盛地
) for 20 to 40 minutes
actually do 30 in school and are happier.
21. A. coincidence
B.
challenge
C. difficulty
D. puzzle
22. A. prefers
B. devotes
C. contributes
D.
addicts
23. A. start with
B. insist on
C. object to
D.
end up
24. A.
nutrition B. menu
C. convenience
D.
preference
25. A. offering
B. showing
C. having
D.
sharing
26. A. predicted
B. estimated
C. valued
D.
proclaimed
27. A. stick
B. tend
C. see
D.
lead
28. A. oppression
B.
desperation
C.
depression
D. repression
29. A. come
B. go
C. find
D.
extend
30. A.
better
B.
faster
C.
more
D.
earlier
答案：
26 / 59
21.
B
。
考查
语境理解。
“
父母希望孩子健康成长，特别对挑食者或喜欢游戏
而不
喜欢户外运动的孩子来说，是一个挑战。
”
22. A
。
考查语境与动词短语。
prefer
… to …, “
喜欢
……
胜过
……”
；
devote…to…
“
投身于
”
；
contribute…to…“
对
……
做出贡献
”
；
addict to… “
沉迷于
……
”
。
23.
D
。
考查语境理解。
start with “
以
……
开始
”; insist
in
坚持；
object
to
反对；
end
up
以
……
结束
. “
疲惫不堪、工作过度的父母们最终根据便利性做出食物选择
”
。
24.
C
。
考查语境理解。
nutrition
营养；
menu
< br>菜单
.
；
convenienc
e
方便、便利；
preference
偏爱。
25. A
。
考查语境理解。
offer
提供，
“
在看电视节目时父母主动提供食物
”
。
26.
B
。
考查语境理解。
6-7
岁的美国孩子中
35%
以上孩子超出了他们的理想体重。
27.
D
。
考查语境理解。
stick
to
坚持；
tend
to
趋向；
see
to
注意、负责；
lead
to
导致。
28.
C
。
考查语境理解。引起的健康问题
是
depression
（沮丧、消沉），与后面的
low
self-
esteem
（自尊心低下）并列。
desperation
绝望
disappointment
失
望。
29.
B
。
考查语境理解。良好的健康选择
任重道远。
extend
延伸。
30. A
。
考查语境理解。从后面的
happier
可知，应用比较级。
尽情玩
20-40
分钟的孩子
在校的表
现更好。
2.
< br>语法填空（共
10
小题，每小题
1.5
分，满分
15
分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入
一个适
当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为
31-40
的相应位
置上。
字数：
156
完成时间：
8
分钟
难度：
***
Even
in China today, most 31 (ability) teenagers
have to go to special schools to receive 32
education. I know people are trying to
give them more help, comfort and care, 33 I
don't quite
agree with such idea.
Disabled people's life is
difficult and frustrating. 34 we should give
them a hand in their
normal
life.
But
despite
their
disability,
they're
complete.
They
have
their
own
thoughts
and
feelings, we can't say disability will
limit a person's life. So it's necessary for them
to study 35
(independent) and
equally just as normal people. If they 36
(ask) to go to the special school,
they
will
probably
treat
themselves
37
special,
unlucky
people.
That
will
make
them
38
(lose)
hope.
39
the
disabled
people
need
the
most
is
confidence
and
dignity.
Most
of
them
hate
40
feeling that they
always need others' help. They just want to prove
themselves as we do.
In a word,
help is essential, but we should give the disabled
more individual space.
答案：
31
．
disabled
32
．
their
33
．
but
34
．
So
35
．
independently
36
．
are
asked
37
．
As
38
．
lose
39
．
What
40
．
the
31
．
disabled
．用形容词修饰
teenagers
，
意为
“
大多数残疾的青少年
”
32
．
the
ir.
意为
“
大多数残疾的青少年去特
殊学校接受他们的教育
”
：
27 / 59
33
．
but .
根据前文
I
know
．．．和后文
I don't quite
agree…
可知此处是转折关系：
34
．
So
．根据
Disabled people's life is difficult and frustrat ing
可知是因果关系，
“
因此我们<
/p>
要帮助他们
”
：
35
．
Independently
．用副词修饰动词
study
：
36
．
are
< br>asked
．
“
如果他们被要求
去特殊学校
”
故用被动语态，
If
引导条件状语从句要用
一般现在时表示将来：
37
．
as
< br>．习惯搭配
treat sb
．
as…
将某人当作，．．看待。
38
．
lose
．
句型中用省略
to
的不定式作宾补
：
39
．
What.
主语从句
the disabled people
need the most
中
need
缺少宾语，只能用
What
引
导主语
从句；
40
．
< br>the
．后用定语从句
that
they
always
need
others’help
，修饰名词，则该名词前有
the
表特指：
3.
信息匹配
< br>请阅读下列应用文和相关信息，从所给的选项
A
、
B
、
C
、
D
、
E
和
F
中按照要求匹配信
息。
首先，请阅读下列有关颜色偏好和性格的关系的应用文：
A.
GOLD
According
to
the
True
Colors
system
people
who
choose
GOLD
as
their
primary
color like to fit in or to belong.
They tend to be reliable people who enjoy serving
others and things like traditions. Home
is very important to them. They need order
and structure. They don't like waste or
change.
B. ORANGE People who choose
ORANGE as their primary color need a lot of
variety and
freedom. They take pride in
being highly skilled. They enjoy
often
are good in a crisis. They are risk takers, seek
challenges.
C. YELLOW People who
choose YELLOW as their primary color are curious
about everything,
and they are
confident and knowledgeable. They love sports very
much and they
work high efficiently.
D.
GREEN
People
who
choose
GREEN
as
their
primary
color
are
competent
and
want
to
control
the
realities
of
life.
They
are
analytical
and
enjoy
solving
problems
and
developing
systems.
They
love
intelligence
and
logic.
They
are
often
critical
of
themselves and others.
E.
BLUE People who choose BLUE as their primary
color enjoy close relationships. Harmony
and
integrity(
诚实
)are very
important. These people are often very creative or
they
enjoy the creative work of others.
F. RED People who choose RED as their
primary color are always full of vigour
(
活力
) and
they
tend to be confident all the time. It seems like
they are ready to do anything
and they
will be successful. And they have a strong desire
of power.
请阅读以下根据员工性格来促进
工作效率的方法的信息，然后匹配上面的信息。
41.
Creating
a
warm
and
personal
working
atmosphere;
establishing
a
peaceful
working
environment
and
trying
to
avoid
conflicts;
allowing
them
the
freedom
to
express
their
28 / 59
felling praising
their creative approach to the job; praising them
with their good jobs.
42. Assigning
work which needs detailed planning; defining the
tasks in clear terms; providing a
stable work environment and avoiding
sudden change; giving standard rules and
regulations
and set a good examples;
praising them with their good jobs.
43.
Assigning work which needs analytical thinking and
problem-solving; encouraging them to
think independently and taking their
ideas to the next step; praising them with their
good
jobs.
44.
Assigning
work
which
is
action-
packed,
providing
opportunities
to
be
skillful
and
adventurous; allowing them the freedom
to the job in their own ways; praising them with
their good jobs.
45.
Assigning work which needs full energy; providing
opportunities for job competition; if he
does
well,
letting
him
know
he
is
very
likely
to
get
promotion;
praising
them
with
their
good jobs.
答案：
41. E [
解析
]
与
atmosphere,
establishing a peaceful working environment and
trying to avoid
conflicts
相
呼应
与
相呼应。
42. A [
解析
]
'don't like waste or
change
与
work
environment and avoiding sudden
change
相呼应。
43. D
[
解析
]
-
与
solving”
相呼应
44. B [
解析
]
与
opportunities
to be skillful and
adventurous
相呼应
45. F [
解析
]
与
相呼应
confident all
the time
与
“providing opportunities for job
competition”
相呼应
4.
读写任务
阅读下面的对话，然后按照要求写一篇
150
词左右的英语短文。
Linda: How was your trip to Hengshan
during your summer vacation?
Joanna:
Oh, it's great. You ought to go there some day if
you haven't been there already.
Linda:
Well, what do you think is the best time to go to
Hengshan?
Joanna:
Mm,
it's
very
crowded
there
in
summer.
And
it's
too
cold
to
go
there
in
winter,
so
I
wouldn't
suggest the winter season, either. Besides, we
can't afford
the time when school is in
session. So I would say the best time is the first
few days of the
summer break when
people haven't started doing anything yet.
Linda: I see. How long does the whole
trip take, including the time on the road?
Joanna: It all depends, really. If you
go there by train, four days should be enough. You
can also
take a bus, which takes a
longer time and is less comfortable, but as an
exchange, you'll be
able to enjoy lots
of country scenes and perhaps you'll save some
money, too.
29 / 59