(完整)形容词的比较级和最高级

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2021年02月09日 18:50
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2021年2月9日发(作者:无翼鸟漫画恋母性活)









< br>较
















常< /p>









< p>
















级< /p>









< p>
















词< /p>









< p>
















。< /p>





















< br>有

























< br>有
















right





wrong





excellent





final






last





possible





first





east






empty




wooden





impossible






favourite







round




golden





square



















1.







1








数< /p>









< p>








1


)单音节词末尾加


-er


(比较 级)



-est


(最高级)

< p>



【例】



原级








比较级









最高级











great






greater







greatest










small






smaller







smallest










clean






cleaner







cleanest





2


)单音节如以

e


结尾,只加


-r


(比较级)



-st


(最高级)




【例】




fine








finer









finest











nice








nicer








nicest











wide








wider







widest



< br>3


)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单音节词,须先双写这个辅音字母,再



-er


(比较级)



-est


(最高级)




【例】





big








bigger








biggest












hot








hotter








hottest












fat








fatter








fattest





4


)以“辅音字母

< br>+y



结尾的双音节词,将


y< /p>


变为


i





-er


(比较级)



-est


(最


高级)




【例】



happy







happier








happiest










easy








easier









easiest










heavy







heavier








heaviest










funny







funnier








funniest






5




-er



ow< /p>



-ble


结尾的双音节词,末尾加


-er


(比较级)



-est


(最高级)










【例】



clever








cleverer









cleverest











narrow







narrower








narrowest









able









abler











ablest




(2)


其他双音节词和多音节词在词 前加


more


(比较级)


< p>
most


(最高级)



【例】


tired













more tired











most tired








interesting








more interesting






most interesting








difficult










more difficult








most difficult



(


注意:


A


:有词根加

< br>ly


构成的形容词,在词前加


more

< br>(比较级)



most


(最高< /p>


级)如


friendly---- friend+ly


构成


, friendly




more friendly




most friendly











B








un



< p>
















un happy----unhappier----unhappiest,




untidy----untidier---- untidiest )




2.


不规则变化



形容词的不规则变化如下:




原级



比较级



最高级



good/well



better


best


bad/ill


worse


worst


little/ few


less


least


much/many


more


most


far


farther


更远的(只指距离


)



farthest;



further


更远的(指距离)



furthest


更深入的(指程度)



old


older


较老的,


较旧的;


长辈


oldest;


(


指年龄、新旧、血缘)



eld est


elder


长辈的(只指血缘)













二、比较级的用法




1


)高于或低于另一方的比较



运用“


比较级


+than


”的结构可 以表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。







物体


A + am / are / is +


形比



+ than +


物体


B.





She is more beautiful than my sister.







她比我的姐姐漂亮。





This bottle is bigger than that one.








这瓶子比那瓶子大。




(2)


比较级


+and+


比 较级




这种结构表示事物本身程度的 逐渐增长,意为“越来越


...



。< /p>




She is becoming fatter and fatter.





她变得越来越胖。




It is getting warmer and warmer.





天气变得越来越暖和。








三、最高级的用法



1.


表示在三者或三者以上中程度最高



最高级是表示在三者或更多者中程度最高的比较形式。此时应运用形容词的最

< p>
高级,其句式为:


the+


形容词最高级


+


(名词)


+


表示范围 的短语或从句


,


即:



物体


A + am / are / is + the +


形最高级



+


(名词)


+


比较范围(


of +



/


物,


in +


地方)



Lucy is the most beautiful girl in her school.






露西是她学校最漂亮的女孩。



Jim is the thinnest of the three boys.












吉姆是这三个男孩中最瘦的。




2.


“最


. .....


”的其他表达方法。



(< /p>


1


)运用比较级表达最高级的概念。




Ann is taller than any other girl in her class.






Ann is taller than the other girls in her class.



Ann is taller than the rest of girls in her class.





以上三句表达的意思等同于最高级的含义:



Ann is the tallest of the girls in her class.




安是她们班上最高的女生。




四、比较级和最高级的修饰语



1.


比较级的修饰语




修饰比较级的常用语和短语主要有:




much(...


得多)


,a lot



...


得多)


, a little



...


一点 )


, a bit



...

< p>
一点)


,




twice



...


两 倍)


, five times



.. .


五倍)等。




Do you feel much better today than yesterday?




你今天感觉比昨天好很多了吗?




2.


最高级的修饰语



常用的最高级的修饰语有序数词


the first



the second


等 以及


almost(


差不多,几


乎)< /p>


, nearly


(差不多,几乎)




Africa is the second largest continent.





非洲是第二大洲。



Amy



s writing is almost the best of all the students.






在所有学生中,艾米的书写几乎是最好的。




五、需要注意的情况



1.


使用比较级时常见的错误




1



more < /p>


不可修饰比较级,但是


much


可以用来 加强比较级,意为“


...


的多”


、< /p>


“更


...





She looks more younger than I.






)


She looks much younger than I.





(



)



(2)


比较的对象或范围出现错误。



The weather of Shanghai is hotter than Beijing.






)


(


比 较的对象应该是北京的天气,而不是北京)





The weather of Shanghai is hotter than that of Beijing. (



)


上海的天气比北京的热。



China is larger than any country in Asia. (×


)



(


出现了逻辑上的错误,

< p>
中国就是亚洲


的一个国家,应当排除在外


)


China is larger than any other country in Asia.



(



)



中国比亚洲别的国家要大。




2.


形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词


the,


而以下几种情况一般不需要加定冠词


the:



1


)形容词最高级前有序数词、物主代词、指示代词 或名词所有格等限定词修


饰时


,


最高级 前不用


the


。如


:


The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.


黄河是中国第二长河。





2


)形容 词最高级在句中作表语而比较范围又不明确时


,


最高级前不用< /p>


the


。如


:


They are happiest on Saturdays.


他们在星期六最快乐。





3



如果两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一个名词时


,

第二个形容词最高级前不加


the


。如

:


He is the youngest and tallest boy in his class.


他是班上年龄最小、


个子最高的男 孩。






























































练习



形容词比较级和最高级


(


一)



一、写出下列单词的反义词



1. hot











________




3. clean________





4. high________



5. heavy______




_______




7. bad______


二、



写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级



1. old ______


________



2. busy ______


_______ 3. thin ________


________


4. many _____


_____






5. slow ________ _____ 6. delicious _________ ______


三、用适当形式填空:



1.


Bob


is ________


(


young


)


than


Fred


but


__________


(tall)


than


Fred.


2. Yingtian is not as ___________


(tall) asYongxian.


3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _______ (fat) than


before .


4. Which is _________


(heavy), a hen or a chicken?


5.-- How


_________ (tall) is Sally?



--


She' s 1.55 metres


________


(tall). What


about Xiaoling?



-- She' s only 1.40 metres ______ (tall). She is much _______(short) than Sally. She


is also the _______ (short)girl in the class.


6. He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _______ (bad) at Chinese and he


is the


_________ (bad) at English.


7. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world.


is one of the_________(friendly) people in the class, I think.


9. A dictionary is much _________ (expensive)


than a story- book.


10. An orange ia a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________ (small) than


a watermelon.


Chen is __________ _________than Mr. Wang. (popular)


12. Mr. Lin ________ ________ _________ Mr. Brown. (sad)




13. The basketball _______ ________ ________ the baseball. (big)


14. Question A _______ ________ _________ ________ Question B. (important)


15. A rose ________ ________ __________ ________ a weed(


野草


). (beautiful)


16. Toronto is _____ ______ city in Canada. (large)


17. Playing computer games is______ _____ _____ of all the activities.(interesting).


18. The Nile(


尼羅河


) is ______ ________river in the world. (long)


19. Good health is _______ _______ ________thing life. (important)


20. Taking a taxi is ______ _______ way to get to the airport. (easy)


21.


Test


1


is


_____


_______


_________of


all


the


tests.


< p>
difficult



22.


He


is


________than any other boy in the class .



clever


< br>


23. She is_______ than all the other students. (young)


24. The window is ________ ________ of the two. (narrow)


25. Where is the ________bus-stop? (near)


26. He is one of ________ ________ _______Politicians. (famous)


27. Tom drives much ________ ________than John. (careful)


28. The white flower is ________(beautiful). The yellow flower is ______ _______


(beautiful)than the white flower. The red flower is the _____ ______ of the three.


四、



选择题



1. She is ________ than ________ .



A. busier / us




B. busier / we




C. more busy / us




D. more busy / we


2. Jane is ________ than Betty.



A. less taller




B. less tallest




C. less tall




D. not as tall


3. China is ________ country in the world.



A. the third largest



B. the largest third



C. the third large



D. a third largest


4. -Which is ____ season in Beijing?




-I think it's autumn.







best


5



- Which is__________ , the sun, the moon or the earth?




-- Of course, the moon is.





r


st


smallest

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