2018高考英语阅读理解真题大全(附详解)

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2021年02月13日 20:43
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2021年2月13日发(作者:公众安全感)




2018


高考英语 阅读理解真题大全(附详解)



1.



Summer Activities


Students should read the list with their parents/careers, and select two activities they would like to


do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to


school. Before choices are finalised, parents/careers will be asked to


sign to confirm their child‘s


choices.







Activity


Description


Member of staff


Cost







Take yourself out of your comfort


zone for a week, discover new


personal qualities, and learn new




skills. You will be able to take part



Outdoor Adventure


in a number of activities from


Mr. Clemens



140


(OUT)


canoeing to wild camping on





Dartmoor. Learn rock climbing and


work as a team, and enjoy the great


outdoor environment.




On Monday we travel to London.


After staying overnight in London,


we travel on Day 2 to northern



France to visit the World War I


WWI Battlefields


battlefields. On Day 3 we cross into




Belgium. Thursday sees us make the



and Paris


short journey to Paris where we will


Mrs. Milson



425



visit Disneyland Paris park, staying




(WBP)


until late to see the parade and the



fireworks. Our final day, Friday,


sees us visit central Paris and tour


the main sights.






Four days of product design centred


Crafty


around textiles. Making lovely





objects using recycled and made


Foxes


Mrs. Goode



30


materials. Bags, cushions and





decorations...Learn skills and leave


(CRF)


with modern and unusual textiles.







Potty about Potter


Visit Warner Bros Studio, shop stop




to buy picnic, stay overnight in an


Miss Drake



150


(POT)


approved Youth Hostel in Streatley-





on -Thames, guided tour of Oxford





to see the film locations, picnic


lunch outside Oxford‘s


Christchurch, boating on the River


Cherwell through the University


Parks, before heading back to


Exeter.





1



Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping?


.


.


.


.



2


)< /p>


What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson?


to London.


a parade and fireworks.


central Paris.


the WWI battlefields.



3



How long does Potty about Potter last?


days.


days.


days.


week.


2.


Many of us love July because it‘s the month when nature‘s berries and stone fruits are in


abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels form British Columbia‘s fie


lds are little


powerhouses of nutritional protection.


Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds,


raspberries contain a little more protein (


蛋白质


), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein).


Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (


抗氧化物质


). The yellow and orange stone fruits


such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As


for cherries (


樱桃


), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C.



When combined with berries of slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for


thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat ―ice cream‖. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for


freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers


and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning


brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of


the freezer.



If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out


comes a ―soft


-


serve‖ creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a


children‘s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen banan


as into the top of the machine and


watching the ice cream come out below.




1

< br>)


What does the author seem to like about cherries?



contain protein.



are high in vitamin A.



have a pleasant taste.



are rich in antioxidants.







2



Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?



make them smell better.



keep their colour.



speed up their ripening.



improve their nutrition.




3



What is ―a juicer‖ in the last paragraph?



A.A dessert.



B.A drink.



C.A container.



D.A machine.




4



From which is the text probably taken?



A.A biology textbook.



B.A health magazine.



C.A research paper.



D.A travel brochure.


3.


Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media


report published Monday.



While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that


reading remains a big part of many children‘s lives, and indicates how parents might help


encourage more reading.



According to the report‘s key findings, ―the proportion


(


比例


) who


say they ‗hardly ever‘ read for


fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent


and 27 percent respectively today.‖



The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages 2



8, remain largely


the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an


hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.



When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel(


建议


) parents looking


for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many parents


still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.



The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples


and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who


do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books


purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.



As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom(


逼近


) ahead, parents


might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to


the library or bookstore.




1



What is the Common Sense Media report probably about?



en‘s reading habits.



y of children‘s books.



en‘s after


-class activities.



-child relationships.







2



Where can you find the data that best supports



paragraph 2.



paragraph 3.



paragraph 4.



paragraph 5.




3



Why do many parents limit electronic reading?



A.E-books are of poor quality.



could be a waste of time.



may harm children‘s health.



D.E-readers are expensive.




4



How should parents encourage their children to read more?



as role models for them.



then to write book reports.



up reading groups for them.



with their reading class teachers.



4.


We‘ve all been there: in a lift


, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who


are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable


silence.



What‘s the problem? It‘s possible that we all have compromised conversational intellig


ence. It


‘s


more likely that none of us start a conver


sation because it‘s awkward and challenging, or we think


it‘s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that


small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it‘


s an invaluable social practice that results in big


benefits.



Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can‘t forget that deep relationships wouldn‘t



even exist if it weren‘t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(


润滑剂


) for social


communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana


University Southeast.



Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with


small talk,



he explains.



The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with


others, not just communicate with them.




In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on


their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(


互动


) with its waiter;


the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their


server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience.



It‘s


not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,



says Dunn.



But


interactions with peripheral(


边缘的


) members of our social network matter for our well-being


also.




Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of


belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with


small talk.



Small talk is the basis of good manners,



he says.




1


What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?






ion to smartphones.



opriate behaviours in public places.



e of communication between strangers.



ence with slow service.




2



What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?



g good manners.



ng to other people.



ng on a topic.



business deals.




3



What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?



improves family relationships.



raises people‘s confidence.



matters as much as a formal talk.



makes people feel good.




4



What is the best title for the text?



sation Counts



of Making Small Talk



ts of Small Talk



ortable Silence



5.


根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余


选项。

< p>
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it


can be hard to try and find the time to work out.



1



Working out in the morning provides


additional benefits beyond being physically fit.



Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is


ahead of you for the day.



2




Your metabolism(


新陈代谢


) gets a head start.



3



If you work out in the mornings, then you


will be getting the calorie(


卡路里


)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.




4



Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who


exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a


peaceful sleep when you are very excited.




5



If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy


food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food?


You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.



There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour


early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.



will stick to your diet.



quality of sleep improves.



prefer healthy food to fast food.



is no reason you should exercise in the morning.



can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.






you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.



you are p


lanning to do exercise regularly, or you‘re doing it now, then listen up!



6.


根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项 。选项中有两项为多余


选项。


Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love


and hate, joy and sorrow ,life and death, and everything else in between.




1



We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings,


birthdays , office parties and just to fill the time.



―I adore dancing,‖ says Lester


Bridges,


the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. ―I can'


t imagine


doing anything else with my life.


wonderful.



2



It's great to watch them. For many of them, it's a way of meeting people and


having a social life.




3



ouple,


dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.



4





So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier


says,―Dance, like the patte


rn of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get


better and better.


5



I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I'm alive.



why do we dance?



in the everywhere.



you like dancing outdoors, come to America.



older students say it makes them feel young.



E.I keep practicing even When I'm extremely tired.



g seems to change their feeling completely.



stayed up all night long singing and dancing.



7.



Fire Prevention Information


The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect


all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(


喷水灭火装置)


systems fire alarms and


fire extinguishers (


灭火器


). They also provide educational programs or fire safety in the residence


hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two


exits nearest your room.


Fire Alarms


The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(


手动的)


fire alarm systems which


include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm


systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper


with(


胡乱摆弄)


these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.


Fire Drills


A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do


the following:


·


Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.


·


Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit do not use a lift.


·


Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.


Fire Extinguishers


Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if





you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous


situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.


Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.


Smoke Detector


A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the


ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:


·


If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not


blinking


(闪动),


contact residence hall staff immediately.


·


Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.


·


If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.



1


What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?


provide part-time jobs for students.


lead the students to the nearest exits.


check and maintain fire prevention equipment.


train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.



2



What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?


and smoke detectors.


detectors and sprinklers.


alarm pull stations and pipes.


lers and fire alarm pull stations



3



In a fire drill, the students should ________.


quickly to a lift


at the nearest exit.


the door and leave at once


for instructions in the hall



4



What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?


them wrongly results in punishment.


onsible use of them can damage them.


er use of them can destroy the apartment.


them without a trainer present is forbidden.



5



To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should_________.


t the hall staff regularly


the things that burn easily


the smoke detector in a fire


certain the red light is working


8.


When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a


watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum


upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked,


have the address?





The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking


and stared at us.




they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs.


The people in the hall seemed very nosy(


爱窥探的


), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity.


What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man


standing behind me.


Museum!


Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street.





this place?‖ I asked, still confused.


震颤


). I raced to the


staircase and called out,




艺术作品


) up there.


pushed her toward the front door, waving at the family, saying,


a really nice place.


She couldn't believe how long they let us look around without saying anything.



The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh,


Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.



Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place.


residence, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum?






what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My


feelings about my home changed after that. I've always wanted to thank you.




1



Wha t do we know about Marian McNay?



was a painter.



was a community leader.



was a museum director.



was a journalist.




2



Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house?



disliked people who were nosy.



felt nervous when talking to strangers.



knew more about art than the man.



mistook him for a tour guide.




3



How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?



d.



ned.



ened.



ted.




4



Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?



real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.



was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.



McNay was disappointing compared with the house.



event happening in the house was more significant.




5



What could we learn from the last paragraph?



should have good taste to enjoy life.



should spend more time with their family.



tend to be blind to the beauty around them.



tend to educate teenagers at a museum.



9.


There‘s



a new frontier in 3D printing that‘s beg


inning to come into focus: food. Recent


development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And





the industry isn‘t stopping there.



Food production



With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for


decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that



it takes years of experience, but a


printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to ―re


-cre


ate forms and pieces‖ of foo


d


that are ―exactly the same,‖ freeing co


oks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the


dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed,rather than farm to table.


< /p>


Sustainability(


可持续性)


The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that


food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is


becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts


believe printers could use


hydrocolloids


(


水解胶体


) from plentiful renewables like algae(


藻类


)


and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(


烹饪原料


). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and


emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock


space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.



Nutrition



Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at


Columbia University, said, ―Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized


nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead


of eating a piece of yesterday‘s bread from the


supermarket, you‘d eat something baked just for you on demand.‖



Challenges



Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome.


Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste(


糊状物


) before a printer can use them, and


the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very


complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients,


because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food


printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end


restaurants.




1



What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?



helps cooks to create new dishes.



saves time and effort in cooking.



improves the cooking conditions.



contributes to restaurant decorations.




2



Wha t can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraphs 3?



solves food shortages easily.



quickens the transportation of food.



needs no space for the storage of food.



uses renewable materials as sources of food.




3


According to Paragraph 4, 3D-printed food ________.



more available to consumers



meet individual nutritional needs






more tasty than food in supermarkets



keep all the nutrition in raw materials




4

< p>


What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?



printing process is complicated.



B.3D food printers are too expensive.



materials have to be dry.



experts doubt 3D food printing.




5



What could be the best title of the passage?



A.3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology



B.A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing



Challenges for 3D Food Production



D.3D Food Printing: From Farm to Table



10.


Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be


seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you‘ll have no trouble


answering these questions.



Most of us ob


served much more as children than we do as adults. A child‘s day is filled with


fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that


were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(


麻木的)


to new stimulation(


刺激


),


new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes


practice and requires breaking some bad habits.



The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it


occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with


some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began


complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked


ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted


they‘d felt cold water at first.



Another block to awareness is the obsession(


痴迷


) many of us have with naming things. I saw


bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a


crowned kinglet


what it was doing.



The pressures of


hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It


seldom occurred to


them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what‘s around them. I asked


them what they‘d seen.


birds,



Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where


it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open


a new dimension to your



< br>1



According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more ____________.



s to do wonders




itive to others‘ feelings



to develop unpleasant habits






to explore the world around them



2



What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?



avoid jumping to conclusions.



stop complaining all the time.



follow the teacher‘s ad


vice.



admit mistakes honestly.




3



The bird watchers‘ behavior shows that they __________.



very patient in their observation



really fascinated by nature



only about the names of birds



on the accuracy of the field guides




4



Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?



natural beauty isn‘t attractive


to them.



focus on arriving at the camp in time.



forest in the dark is dangerous for them.



are keen to see rare birds at the destination.




5



In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should __________.



our senses to feel the wonders of the world



rid of some bad habits in our daily life



our mind to new things and ideas



our best to protect nature



11.


Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens



Visitor Information



How to Get to Holker



By Car



Follow brown signs an A590 from JB6, imale travel times: Windermere-20


minutes, Kendal-25 minutes, Lancaster-45 minutes, Manchester-I hour 30



By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster Preston for


connections to major cities & airports.





Opening Times



Sunday-Friday (closed on Saturday)11:00 am-4:00pm,30 March-2nd November.



Admission Charges



Hall & Gardens Gardens



Adults:



12.00



8.00



Groups



9



5.5



Producers: Market 13th April



Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent


recipe ideas.



Holker Garden Festival 30th May



The event celebrate its 22


nd


anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it


one of the most popular events in gardening.






National Garden Day 28th August



Holker once again opens is gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can


take a tour with our garden guide.



Winter Market 8th November



This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifs while enjoying a


live music show and nice street entertainment.




1



How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?



A.20minutes.



B.25 minutes.



C.45 minutes.



D.90 minutes.




2



How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit to Hall & Cardens?



A.



l2.00.



B.



9.00.



C.



8.0



D.



5.50




3



W hich event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?



ers' Market.



Garden Festival.



al Garden Day.



Market.



12.


Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People


settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and


trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over


300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop


slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896,


Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness(


荒野


). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and


two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.



Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went


there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy


rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without


warming. An avalanche(


雪崩


) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to


Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug


for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.



But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood


were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city


was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard


there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.


Today, people still come and go



to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is


now the chief industry of Dawson City



its present population is 762.







1



What attracted the early settlers to New York City?



business culture.



small population.



geographical position.



favourable climate.




2



What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?



-thirds of them stayed there.



out of five people got rich.



everyone gave up.



of them died.




3


What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?



found the city too crowded.



wanted to try their luck elsewhere.



were unable to stand the winter.



were short of food.




4


What is the text mainly about?



rise and fall of a city.



gold rush in Canada.



ys into the wilderness.



m in Dawson.



13.


While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China


such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent


Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.



Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012


Pritzker Architecture Prize



which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture



on


February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.



Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA). His


office is located at the Xiangshan campus(


校园


) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.


Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.



The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors


were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves(


曲线


)


of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.



Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to


use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted


a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements(


元素


).



Wang‘s works show a deep unders


tanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of


traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao


Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.



Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.


that traditions once existed,







things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that


are still being created,




Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are,




The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions


would be artificial and empty, he said.




1


Wang‘s win


ning of the prize means that Chinese architects are ___________.



ing the latest world trend



g international recognition



g harder than ever before



g on foreign architects




2



What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?



hilly environment.



large size.



unique style.



diverse functions.




3



What m


ade Wang‘s architectural design a success?



mixture of different shapes.



balance of East and West.



use of popular techniques.



harmony of old and new.




4



What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?



them to the world.



ve them at museums.



them in universities.



te them in practice.



14.


Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that


more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my


own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.



I found the pre- holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it


worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a


little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few


larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school


fund(


基金)


(our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor)



For weeks, I've been thinking of bigger, deeper questions: How do we make it a habit for them?


And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with


my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only


one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy would keep his attention


for about five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chose a red rubber ball- simple, universally available.


We passed it, he tried to put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it, rolling it, sitting on it, throwing it.





It was totally, completely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to


move on to lunch.



We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention and I had


his. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.




1



What do the words ―more is more‖ in paragraph 1 probably mean?



more, the better.



is enough.



money, more worries.



more and spend more.




2


What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects?



up for her holiday



g money for a poor girl



the money to her fund



the money to a sick mother




3



Why did the author play the ball with Shepherd?



try out an idea



show a parent's love



train his attention



help him start a hobby




4


What can be a suitable title for the text?



It or Leave It



B.A Lesson from Kids



More with Less



Pleasure of Giving



15.


Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want


to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of your neighborhood . the easiest


way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should.



1




Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your


property(


房产


) neat, clean, and in good repair.



2



By choosing to keep the outside of the home


in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.



Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously,. When going for a walk. Take


a small garbage bag.



3



This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the


area.




4



If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor


suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping . Let them know you are there to help in any


way this acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.




5



By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and


taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good


neighbor that everyone appreciate.



general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.



B.A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.






a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.



mes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.



you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.



tend to lake pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.



are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly



16.


We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of


something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(


装置


) well


after they go out of style. That‘s bad news for the environment —


and our wallets



as these


outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.



To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the


Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product


throughout its life



from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This


method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices


were grouped by generation



Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined


1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD


TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.



As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones.


television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in


every room of the house,


from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices



we


continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box


TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution


to greenhouse gas emissions


(排放)


more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.



So what's the solution


(解决方案)


? The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers


also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that


serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found


that more on- demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers


could cut energy consumption by 44%.




1



What does the author think of new devices?



are environment-friendly.



are no better than the old.



cost more to use at home.



go out of style quickly.




2



Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?



reduce the cost of minerals.



test the life cycle of a product.



update consumers on new technology.



find out electricity consumption of the devices.




3



Which of the following uses the least energy?



box-set TV.



tablet.






LCD TV.



desktop computer.




4

< p>


What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?



using them.



them apart.



e them.



e them.



17.


根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项 。选项中有两项为多余


选项。





Color is fundamental in home design


——something you‘ll always have in every room. A gr


asp of


how to manage color in your spaces is one of t


he first steps to creating rooms you‘ll love to live in.


Do you want a room that‘s full of life? Professional


? Or are you just looking for a place to relax


after a long day?< /p>



1



, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.



Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this


important point.



2



, t


hey can get a little complex .But good news is that there‘re really only


three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium


ones, and the large ones.




3



. They‘re the little spots of color like throw pillows ,mir


rors and baskets that most of us use


to add visual interest to our rooms .Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than


buying a colorful sofa ,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily


changeable .



Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves



4



. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful


effect on the feeling of a space.



The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors .Whether you‘re


looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant.



5



.



all of them are useful



er you‘re looking for



you‘re experimenting with a color



color choices are the ones we‘re most familiar with



‘s not really a good idea to


use too many small color pieces



it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time



choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways



18.


In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People


had been writing novels for a century



most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in


1719



but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its


early stages; the literacy


(识字)


rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction


appeared wi


thout the names of the authors, often with something like ―By a lady.‖Novels, for the


most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.






In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher,


famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their


readership and whose characters



from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim



were held up as moral


touchstones. Today Dickens‘ great


ness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon


(名人


堂)


of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona


Lisa.



How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a


numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were


published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to


name a half-


dozen of them. It‘s partly true that Dickens‘ style of writing attra


cted audiences from


all walks of life. It‘s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress.


But it‘s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever


know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a singular writer. But as


the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible



and important for our own


culture



to understand how he made himself a lasting one.




1



Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18


th


century?



were difficult to understand.



were popular among the rich.



were seen as nearly worthless.



were written mostly by women.




2



Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress________.



reputation in France



interest in modern art



success in publication



importance in literature




3



What is the author‘s purpose in writing the text?



remember a great writer.



introduce an English novel.



encourage studies on culture.



promote values of the Victorian age.



19.


Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider


that he‘s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off


garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's


jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.



Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree


branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(


收银



) . The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these


headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products


are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.



Among the bag makers' argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper


bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while





plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground


today



The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable


shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it


cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study


found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.



Environmentalists don't dispute


(质疑)


these points. They hope paper bags will be banned


someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.


< p>


1



What has Steven Stein been hired to do?



increase grocery sales.



e the waste material.



things falling off trucks.



for the use of plastic bags.




2


What does the word ―headwinds‖in paragraph 2 refer to?



on plastic bags.



s of city development.



hes caused by garbage.



c bags hung in trees.




3

< br>)


What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?



are quite expensive.



ing them can be difficult.



are less strong than plastic bags.



ing them requires more energy.




4



What is the best title for the text?



c, Paper or Neither



ry, Pollution and Environment



e or Throw Away



e Collection and Waste Control



20.


As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the


Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line


(装配线)



on September 27, 1908. Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry


Ford would build fifteen million of them.



Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting


aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For


most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be American



going forward at high


speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American


ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the


largest public works project in history.



In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with ―a chicken in every


pot and a car in every


garage.‖ Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed


America from a farm-based society into an industrial






The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. In


America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.



The problems of excessive


(过度的)


energy consumption, climate change and population


growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the


worst, but hopes for the best.



Friedman points out that the green economy


(经济)


is a c


hance to keep American strength. ―The


ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and


healthy and abundant food is going to be the curr


ency of power in the new century.‖




1



Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2?



explain Americans‘ love for travelling by car.



show the influence of cars on American culture.



stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.



praise th


e effectiveness of America‘s road system.




2



What has the use of cars in America led to?



e of economy.



nmental problems.



C.A shortage of oil supply.



D.A farm-based society.




3



What is Friedman‘s attitude towards America‘s future?



ous.



ul.



l.





21.


If you want to disturb the car industry, you'd better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop


carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get


the best of the major players. By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to


changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems(


生态系统)


, small farmers can keep one step


ahead of the big guys. As the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition (NYFC,


美国


青年农会)


and a family farmer myself. I have a front-row seat to the innovations among small


farmers that are transforming the industry.



For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a couple of years ago by


a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money


group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour



a huge


improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand



suddenly making it possible for


the little guys to compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers


couldn't touch the price per pound offered by California farms. But now, with the combination of a


better price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business.



The sustainable success of small farmers, though, won't happen without fundamental changes to


the industry. One crucial factor is secure access to land. Competition from investors. developers,


and established large farmers makes owning one's own land unattainable for many new farmers.



From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions.






Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a


non-existent path to citizenship



the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own. With


farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering(


多于)


farmers younger than 35 by six to one, and with


two-thirds of the nation's farmland in need of a new farmer, we must clear the path for talented


people willing to grow the nation's food.



There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy, but


farmers can't clumsily put them together before us. We at the NYFC need broad support as we


urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we


seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from


all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand


with young farmers.




1



The author mentions car industry at the beginning of the passage to introduce .



progress made in car industry



B.a special feature of agriculture



C.a trend of development in agriculture



importance of investing in car industry




2



Wha t does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2?



to small local farmers are necessary.



logy is vital for agricultural development.



ition between small and big farms is fierce



farmers may gain some advantages over big ones.




3

< p>


What is the difficulty for those new famers?



gain more financial aid.



hire good farm managers.



have fans of their own.



win old farmers‘ support.




4



What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fair farm economy?



support beyond NYFC.



farmland conservation.



members of NYFC.



more to improve technology.



22.


Children as young as ten are becoming dependent on social media for their sense of self-worth,


a major study warned.



It found many youngsters(


少年)


now measure their status by how much public approval they get


online, often through ―like‖. Some change their behavior in real life to improve their image on the


web.



The report into youngsters aged from 8 to 12 was carried out by Children's Commissioner (


专员)


Anne Longfield. She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks,


with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to cope with the tremendous pressure


they faced online.



Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to





be at least youngsters admitted planning trips around potential photo-opportunities and


then messaging friends



and friends of friends



to demand


―likes‖ for their online posts.



The report found that youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they did not respond to


social media posts quickly, and around the clock. Children aged 8 to 10 were


happy


with how many people like their posts


stronger the older they become.



Miss Longfield warned that a generation of children risked growing up


appearance and image as a result of the unrealistic lifestyles they follow on platforms, and


increasingly anxious about switching off due to the constant demands of social media.



She said:


are in primary school. But what starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous pressure in real


social media interaction at secondary school.



As their world expanded. she said, children compared themselves to others online in a way that


was


of their ability to develop themselves



Miss Longfield added:



if you go offline, will you miss


something, will you miss out, will you show that you don't care about those people you are


following, all of those come together in a huge way at once.




England's study



life in Likes



found that children as young as 8 were using social media


platforms largely for play.



However, the research



involving eight groups of 32 children aged 8 to 12



suggested that as


they headed toward their teens, they became increasingly anxious online.



By the time they started secondary school



at age 11



children were already far more aware of


their image online and felt under huge pressure to ensure their posts were popular, the report found.



However, they still did not know how to cope with mean-spirited jokes, or the sense of


incompetence they might feel if they compared themselves to celebrities(


名人)


or more brilliant


friends online. The report said they also faced pressure to respond to messages at all hours of the


day



especially at secondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones.



The Children‘s Commissioner said schools and parents must now do more to prepare children for


the emotional minefield(


雷区)


they faced online. And she said social media companies must also



sign up too early, or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.



Javed Khan, of children's charity Bamardo's, said:


relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the


growing demands of social media.



―It‘s also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using.‖




1



Why did some secondary school students feel too much pressure?



were not provided with adequate equipment.



were not well prepared for emotional risks.



were required to give quick responses.






were prevented from using mobile phones.



(< /p>


2



Some social app companies were to blame because .



didn't adequately check their users' registration



organized photo trips to attract more youngsters



encouraged youngsters to post more photos



didn't stop youngsters from staying up late




3



Children's comparing themselves to others online may lead to .



friendliness to each other



self-identity and confidence



increase in online cheating



D.a stronger desire to stay online



< p>
4



According to


Life in Likes


, as children grew, they became more anxious to .



ate their posts quickly



the qualities of their posts



mobile phones for play



more public approval




5



What should parents do to solve the problem?



icate more with secondary schools.



media companies to create safer apps.



track of children's use of social media.



their children from visiting the web.



6



What does the passage mainly talk about?



influence of social media on children.



importance of social media to children.



problem in building a healthy relationship.



measure to reduce risks from social media.



23.



Washington, D.C



Bicycle Tours


Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.


Duration Tour


This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful


flowers of Washington, D.C



Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the


famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability



the cherry


blos soms



disappear!


Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour


Duration:3 hours (4 miles)


Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington,


D.C



Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique


facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.


Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.


Duration:3 hours


Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D



C



newcomers and locals looking


to experience Washington, D.C



in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides





will entertain you with the most ,interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and


parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(


路线)


make cycling between the sites fun and


relaxing.


Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour


Duration:3 hours(7miles)


Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C



Get


up close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National


Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour


includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety


lights.



1



Which tour do you need to book in advance?


Blossom like Tour in Washington, D



C.


gton capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.


l City Bike Tour in Washington, D



C.


gton Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.



2


< br>What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?


famous people.


to a national park.


well-known museums.


interesting stories.


< p>
3



Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?


maps.


s.



lights


24.


Good Morning Britain


‘s Susa


nna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but


she is cooking up a storm in her latest role



showing families how to prepare delicious and


nutritious meals on a tight budget.



In


Save Money: Good Food


, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt


Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under



5 per


family a day. And the


Good Morning Britain



presenter says she‘s been able to put a lot of what


she‘s leant into practice in her


own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack, 11.


< br>


restaurant,



5 for a portion(


一份


), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion,


because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes


we‘re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.



The eight-part series(


系列节自


),


Save Money: Good Food


, follows in the footsteps of ITV‘s


Save


Money: Good



Health


, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of


health products on the market.



With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different


family each week. In tonight‘s Easter special they come to the


aid of a family in need of some


delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family‘s long weekend of celebration


with less expensive but still tasty recipes.




1



What do we know about Susanna Reid?



enjoys embarrassing her guests.



has started a new programme.



-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-