定语从句中关系副词的用法
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定语从句中关系副词的用法
关系副词，顾名思义，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词。定语从句中的
关系副词有三个：
when,
where
和
why
，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和
原因状语。其句法结构如下：
表时间的名词
+
when
+
定语从句
when
指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
例句：
I
still
remember
the
day
when
I
first
came
to
Beijing.
I’ll
never
forget
the
day
when
I
joined
t
he
army.
表地点的名词
+
where
+
定语从句
where
指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
例句：
The
factory
where
his
father
works
is
in
the
west
of
the
city.
This
is
the
house
where
I
lived
two
years
ago.
表原因的名词
reason
+
why
+
定语从句
(why
只用于
reason
之后的限制性定语
从句中
,
在定语从句
中作原因状语。
)
例句：
That
is
the
reason
why
I
did
the
job.(
在现代英语中
why
可以省略
)
上句也可以这样表示：
That
is
the
reason
I
did
the
job.
又如：
This
was
the
reason
(why
)we
raised
the
temperature.
关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：
1
）
“when”
、
“where”
和
“why”<
/p>
的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原
因的名词
reason
在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子：
*I
will
never
forget
the
day
when
I
first
met
you
on
the
seashore.
*I
will
never
forget
the
days
which/that
we
spent
together
in
Xueyao
Middle
School.
**This
is
the
hospital
where
my
mother
works.
**This
is
the
hospital
which/that
we
visited
the
day
before
yesterday.
***The
reason
why
he
did
not
go
to
school
is
that
he
was
ill.
***This
is
the
reason
which/that
he
gave
his
boss
in
the
office
.
2)
“when”
、
“where”
和
“wh
y”
都可以替换成
“
介词
+
which”
，介词
的选用取就于
先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如：
Do
you
still
remember
the
day
on
which
we
first
met
in
Nantong?(on
which=
when)
This
is
the
room
in
which
we
lived
last
year.(in
which=where)
Do
you
know
the
reason
for
which
he
refused
to
go
to
Mary’s
birthday
party.
(for
which=why)
有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义
紧密的修饰关系，
尤其在非限制性定语从
句中，常使用
“
介词
+
which”
结构，而不使用关系副词。例如：
My
mother
works
in
a
factory,
in
front
of
which
there
is
a
small
river.
At
night
the
soldiers
got
to
a
small
hill,
at
the
foot
of
which
stood
a
farmhou
se.
3)
关系副词
“when”
、
“where”
既可引导限制性定语从句，也
可引导非限制性定语
从句。
例如：
I
will
always
remember
the
day
when
I
first
visited
the
Great
Wall.
He
came
to
Shanghai
in
1980,
when
he
was
only
12.
I
don’t
know
the
exact
spot
where
they
will
meet.
Mr
Wang
will
fly
to
Beijing,
where
he
will
stay
for
three
months.
有时关
系副词
“when”
、
“where”
引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象，
是为了平衡句子
的语法需要。
Do
you
remember
one
afternoon
ten
years
ago
when
I
came
to
your
house
a
nd
borrowed
a
diamond
necklace?
The
days
are
gone
forever
when
the
Chinese
people
used
“foreign
oil.”.
4)
“that”
可活用为关系副词，
相当于
“when,
where
、
why”
和
“
介词
< br>
+
which”
结构，
尤其在
“the
time
when”
等结构中的
“when”
常被
“that”
代替，而且
“that”
往往省略。
I
may
leave
here
any
time
I
want
to.
During
the
time
I
was
there
I
visited
him
twice.
This
is
my
second
time
I
have
come
to
your
country.
5)
“which”
有时可用作关系
形容词，
这是
“which”
在非限制
性定语从句中的特殊使
用，如：
The
doctor
advised
him
to
give
up
smoking,
which
advice
he
did
not
follow.
定语从句专项练习
1
．
This
is
the
place_____
John
was
born?
A
．
which
B
．
where
C.
when
D
．
that
2.
He
is
the
only
person
____
I
want
to
talk
to.
A.
that
B.
which
C.
who
D.
whose
3
．
Is
this
problem
_____the
teacher
explained
last
week?
A
．
the
one
B
．
that
C
．
which
D
．
one
4
．
The
high
building
_____
stand
four
policemen
is
the
police
station
．
A
．
which
B
．
that
C
．
in
front
of
it
D.
in
front
of
which
5
．
My
mother
will
give
Mary
a
model
plane_____
she
will
like
to
play
．
A
．
which
B
．
that
C
．
for
which
D
．
with
which
6
．
The
film
brought
the
hours
back
to
me_____
I
was
taken
good
care
of
in
t
hat
far
away
village.
A
．
until
B
．
that
C
when
D
．
where
7
．
There
are
times_____
I
wonder
why
I
do
this
job
．
A
．
as
B
．
while
C
．
which
D
．
when
8
．
After
living
in
London
for
thirty
years
，
Mr
Smith
returned
to
the
small
to
wn_____
he
grew
up
as
a
child
．
A
．
which
B
．
where
C
that
D
．
when
9
．
They
had
a
long
talk
about
the
persons
and
things_____
they
both
knew
．
A
．
whom
B
．
what
C.
that
D
．
which
10
．
That
is
the
very
book______
I
am
looking
for.