英语中形容词的用法
-
一、
形容词的定义
英语中形容词的用法
形容词用来修饰名词或代词
,
表示人或
事物的性质
,
状态
< br>,
和特征。
二、
形容词的用法:
1.
作定语,一般放在名词之前
,
不定
代词
something
,
anythin
g
,
nothing
,
everything
等之后。
eg.
It
’
s a sunny day today.
今天是个阳
光灿烂的日子。
She
has
a
red
coat.
她有一件红色的外套。
Would
you
like
something
hot to
drink
?
你想喝点热饮料
吗?
I have
something important to tell
you.
我有重要的事要告诉你。
Is
there anything interesting in the film.
电影里有什么有趣的内容吗?
There
is
nothing
dangerous
here.
这儿一
点都不危险。
2.
作表语,放在系动词的后面。
eg. He looks happy today.
他今天显
得很高兴
I feel very tired after playing
football.
踢球之后我觉得很累。
3.
形容词用作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后。
eg. Don
’
t keep
the door
open.
别让门敞着。
His
success made him happy.
他的成功让他感到
幸福。
p>
4.
某些形容词放在定冠词之后,变成名词,
表示一类人。
常见的形容词
有:
good /
bad, rich / poor, young / old, deaf / blind, black
/ white,
living / dead
等。
eg. The old
often think of old things.
老年人经常回想
往事。
The new always take the place of
the old.
新生事物总是会取代旧的事物。
5.<
/p>
多个形容词修饰一个名词时,其顺序为
:
限定词(冠词→指示代词→形
容词性物
主代词)→数词→描绘性形容词(大小、长
短、高低、形状
、
年
龄、新旧
、颜色
)
→国籍→地区→出处→物质材料→用途→类
别
+
名词
A small round
table
一张小圆桌
A
tall white building
一幢高大的白色建
筑物
A famous American medical school
一个非常著名的美国医学院
day
they
crossed
the
_______
bridge
behind
the
palace.
A.
old
Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone
Chinese D. Chinese
stone old
2. ---- How was your recent visit to
Qingdao? ---- It was great. We
visited
some friends
,
and spent the
_____ days at the seaside. A. few last
sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny
few D. few sunny last
三、副词
1.
副词的作用
:
< br>用来修饰动词
.
形容词
.
其它副词
.
全句或
名词词组及句子
用
法
例
My mother is
out The girl there is my friend He runs fast
句作
表语
作定语
作状语
作宾补
I found him
outside
2.
有许多副词是对应的形容词
加
ly
构成
如
: strong strongly real
really
词尾是
y
的要把
y
变为
i
再加
ly,
如
:busy busily happy happily
以
e
结尾的
,
大部分直接加
-ly,
如
:wide widely brave bravely
有几个特殊的要去
e
后再加
-ly
或
y,
如
:true
–
truly terrible --terribly
good
的副词是
well.
well
也可作形容
词用,但只有唯一的意思=
healthy
健康的
hard
< br>既是形容词也是副词
,
作形容词
是“困难的”=
difficult
,
作副
词是
“努力地”
。
hardly
的意思是“几乎不”它和
hard
没关系
用词的适当形式填
1
hard hardly 1 He works very __________. He
__________ has a rest
on Sunday. (hard)
Luckily
2 __________, he
didn
’
t fail in the
exam.(luck) surprised
3
He
was
so
__________
that
he
couldn
’
t
surprising
believe
this
__________ news.
(surprise) either
4 He
won
’
t do it. I
won
’
t do it, __________.
(too)well
5
Mr.
Green
is
feeling
__________
enough
to
go
to
work.
(good)
more
friendly
6 The old man
looks very _______________ than you think.
(friend)
heavy
7
This box is not so ______ as that one. (heavy)
highest
8 Lucy jumped
__________ of the four. (high)
形容词和副词
比较级和最高级的构成
规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词
1)
一般情况加
–
er
或
–
est
fast
–
faster
–
fastest
high
–
higher
–
highest
clever
–
cleverer
–
cleverest
规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词
2)
以字母
e
结尾加
–
r
或
–
st
fine
–
finer
–
finest late
–
later
–
latest nice
–
nicer
–
nicest
规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词
3)
重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音
字母时双写加
–
er
或
–
est
fat
–
fatter
–
fattest
big
–
bigger
–
biggest
thin
–
thinner
–
thinnest
规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词
4)
以辅音字母加
y
结尾变
y
为
i
加
–
er
或
–
est
early
–
earlier
–
earliest
easy
–
easier
–
easiest
lucky
–
luckier
–
luckiest
规则变化
部分双音节和多音节词
在词前加
more
或
most
slowly - more slowly - most slowly
easily - more easily - most easily
carefully - more carefully
-
most carefully
不规则变化
good/well
–
better
–
best many/much
–
more
–
most
little
–
less
–
least far
–
farther
–
farthest ( far
–
further
–
furthest )
bad/badly/ill
–
worse
–
worst
形容词和副词
比较级和最高级的用法
1)
表示两者(人或事物)的比较时
用比较级
,通常用连词
than
引导,
< br>表示“较·
”
或“更·
·
·
一些”的意
·
·
思
*This cake is
more delicious than that one.
*Li Lei
jumped farther than Jim (did).