外贸英语阅读总复习--英译汉
-
Unit 1
1.
Every
facet
of
human
life
from
our
happiness
in
families
to
our
satisfaction in careers as well our
collective well-being on the earth,
depends much on negotiation.
人类生活的各个方面，从家庭的幸福到对我们事业的满足以及人
类社会的集体利益，在
很大程度上都依赖于谈判。
2.
It is not surprising that negotiation
processes and outcomes are studied
in
variation
disciplines
such
as
political
science,
economics,
psychology and sociology.
不难
理解，谈判的过程和结果已成为政治学经济学心理学以及社
会学等多门学科研究的对象。
3.
Any exchange situation, in which a pair
of individuals(or organization)
can
engage in mutually beneficial trade but have
conflicting interests
over the term of
trade, is a bargaining situation.
任何交易情
景，只要涉及两个人（或组织）进行互利交易而在交
换条件上存在利益冲突的时候，都是
一个讨价还价的情景。
4.
Negotiation
situations
sometimes
present
difficult
decisions
because
of the combination
of self-interest and mutual dependency.
谈判情景有时会使决策产生困难，因为各自的利益和彼此的依赖
性缠绕在一起。
5.
The
main issue that confronts the players in a
bargaining situation is
the need to
reach agreement over exactly how to cooperate.
在讨价还价过程中，当事人所遇到的主要问题就是对合作的确切
方式达
成协议。
Unit 2
1.
The
coach
of
a
team
has
formal
influence
in
initiating
practice
sessions starting players and
substitutes, and so forth.
一个运动队的教练在决定开
始训练时间、选择上场队员和替补队
员等方面有正式影响。
2.
Formal
influence is influence prescribed for the holder
of an “office”
or a position in a
particular social system.
正式影响是按规定赋予担任<
/p>
“
公职
”
的人或
者在某个社会体制中任
职人员的影响。
3.
Even
the
person
who
follows
directions
that
he
or
she
knows
are
wrong
out
of
fear
of
being
fired
or
punished
had
influence
on
the
behavior of the
“tyrant”.
甚至，一个人知道他或者她执行的指示是
错误的，但他或她非常
害怕被解雇或者遭到惩罚，
他或她对专权
人的行为也是有影响的。
4.
We
must be
careful then to remember that influence only
succeeds
in
moving
others
in
desired
directions
when
the
net
influence
is
greater.
我们应该牢记：只有在净影响大的
情况下，实施影响才会在期望
的方向上起到鼓动他人的作用，获得成功。
5.
Subordinates don’t always know how to
work well, don’t a
lways work
as hard as is necessary, and don’t
automatically care about the unit’s or
organization’s success.
下属并不总是制单如何把工作干好，并不总是按照要求去努力工
作，并且
不总是能自觉关心单位或组织的成功。
Unit 3
1.
The
pretesting research increases the likelihood of
preparing the most
effective
advertising.
预测研究提高了创作最佳广告的可能性。
2.
The
research
can
reveal
some
flaws
that
may
result
in
negative
response.
调查能够发现那些可能产生消极反响的广告错误。
3.
The
advertiser
may
decide
to
alter
the
advertising
strategy
after
the
pretesting.
广告预测之后，广告客户可以改变广告策略。
4.
The
research
can
help
make
the
commercials
appeal
to
the
consumers.
这项研究有助于增加商业广告对消费者的吸引力。
5.
The advertiser can test whether
frequent advertising is effective.
广告客户能够测试频繁的广告是否有效。
Unit 4
1.
There
are
also
other
places
to
keep
your
money,
ranging
from
the
cookie jar to a mutual investment fund.
还有许多其他地方你可以存款，从放饼干的盒子到互助投资基金。
2.
These funds
have greater stability than investment funds, and
the latter,
in turn, are less volatile
than working balances.
这些资金稳定性高于投资资金，而投
资资金又比往来余额的波动
幅度小。
3.
It
is
important
to
that
form
does
not
necessarily
follow
function
in
bank deposits.
银行存款的形式并不总是与功能相一致的，认识到这一点十分重
要。
< br>
4.
The
most
useful
way
to
examine
the
depository
function
of
the
commercial
banking system is to look at purposes for which
money is
deposited.
考察商业银行系统存款功能最有效的方法就是看存款的目的。
5.
Money has
another primary function --- that of providing a
reservoir
of purchasing power for the
future.
货币还有另一种主要功能
——
那就是作为未老购买力的存储库。
Unit 5
1.
Product
characteristics
also
play
a
role
in
determining
optimal
marketing channels.
产品特性在确定最佳的营销渠道时也起着重要的作用。
2
．
The
company
is
an
established
firm
whose
products
have
met
with
warm
reception
on
the
European
market
for
their
superior
quality
and attractive prices.
这是一家颇负声望的公司，其产品以优良的质量和吸引人的价格在
欧洲市
场很受欢迎。
3.
Companies
with
adequate
resources
---
financial,
managerial,
marketing---
are
less
compelled
to
utilize
middlemen
in
marketing
their product.
具有充足财力，
管理，
营销资源的企业没必要非得采用中间商销售
自
身的产品。
4
．
Convenience
goods
and
industrial
supplies
with
typically
low
unit
prices
are frequently market through relatively long
channels.
显然，
便利品和具有典型单位低价的工业产品通常使用相对较长的
销售渠道
。
5.
Perishable
products
such
as
fresh
products
and
fruit
,
and
fashion
products
with
short
life
cycles
typically
move
through
relatively
short
channels directly to
the retailer or the ultimate consumer.
易腐品，
如保鲜品和水果及生命周期
较短的时尚产品，
显然应通过
较短的渠道直接运送到零售商或最
终消费者手中。
Unit 6
1.
Technological
change
will
continue
to
shift
employment
from
some
occupations to others
while contributing to a rise in productivity.
技术改革在提高生产率的同时，
还将继续把就业机会从某些职业转向
另一种职业。
2.
Human
resources management consists of all the
activities involved in
acqui
ring,
maintaining,
and
developing
an
organization’s
human
resources.
人力资源管理是由吸引、
保留、
开发企业人力资源的所有活动组成的。
3.
In general,
human resources management is a shared
responsibility of
line managers and HRM
specialists.
总的来说，
人力资源管理是由直线
管理人员和人力资源专家共同承担
的职责。
4
．
Manufacturing
advances like these will eliminate many blue-
collar jobs,
replacing them with fewer
but more highly skilled jobs.
像这一类制造业技术
的进步，
将会使许多蓝领工作消失，
取而代之的
是数量更少但技术水平要求更高的工作。
5
.When demand is forecast to be greater than
supply, plans must be made
to recruit
and select mew employees.
预测到人员需求量大于公司的
人员供应时，
就必须计划招聘和筛选新
的人员。
Unit 7
1.
This
year’s
cost
increases
of
medical
insurance
are
the
smallest
for
several years and some
subscribers, particularly younger ones, will see
no
increase at all or even a cut in the
cost of premiums.
今年的医药保险费用上浮的幅度是几年中最小的
，
而且有些保险购买
者，特别是年轻人，将完全不会受到涨价的
影响，甚至会发现保险费
削减了。
2. In such cases, the law requires that
an insurable interest exists at the
time the contract is taken out. There
are many relationships that provide
the
basis for an insurable interest.
在这种情况下
，法律要求在签订保险合同的时候应该存在可保利益。
有很多关系都可以成为可保利益的
基础。
3.
Life
insurance
is
a
risk-pooling
plan,
an
economic
device
through
which the risk of premature death is
transferred from the individual to the
group.
寿险是一种集中风险的方案，
是一种
把过早死亡的风险从个体向群
体转移的经济策略。
4. The cost of private medical
insurance goes up today by an average of
about four per cent, nearly three times
the rate of inflation.
今天，
<
/p>
私人医疗保险的费用平均上浮了大约
4
个
百分点，
几乎是通
货膨胀率的
3
倍。
5.
The
important
question
of
insurable
interest
arises
when
the
person
taking out the
insurance is someone other than the person whose
life is
concerned.
当投保的人并不是与保险相关的生命所有人时，
就产生了可保利益
这一重要问题。
Unit 8
1.
In addition,
an effective system needs the approval and the
support of
all levels of management.
除此之外，一个高效的会计制度需要得到各级管理人员的认可和支
持
。
2.
For
a
large
organization,
a
major
revision
such
as
a
change
from
manual
processing
to
determining
electronic
processing
is
usually
done
gradually over an extended period
rather than all at once.
对于大型企业，
如果进行重大的改革，
例如从手工处理会计数据改为
电
子设备处理，常常是一项长期的逐步推进的工作，不能一蹴而就。
3.
With such a
procedure, there is less likelihood that the flow
of useful
data
will
be
seriously
slowed
down
during
the
critical
phase
of
implementing.
如果采取这种步骤，
在实施改革的关键时刻，
有用的会计数据就不大
可
能严重滞后。
4.
Only
by
effectively
using
and
adapting
to
the
human
changes
of
a
business can the
accounting system meet information needs at the
lowest
cost.
会计制度只有有效地运用并且适应
企业的人力资源，
才能以最低的成
本满足会计信息的需要。
5.
Before designing and installing an
accounting system for an enterprise,
the designer must have a complete
knowledge of the business operations.
在替一个企业设计和建立会计制度之前，
设计者必须对企业的经
营业