过去式的不规则变化和规则变化
-
规则变化
【过去式的变化规则】
①
一般情况下,在动词原形后直接加
ed
。
如:
want---
wanted
,
play---played
②
以不发音的字母
< br>e
结尾的动词,直接加
d
。
p>
如:
hope---
hoped
,
live---lived
③
重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅
音字母,再加
ed
。
如:
stop---stopped, prefer---
preferred
④
以辅音字母
+y
结尾的动词变
y
< br>为
i
,再加
ed
。
如:
study---
studied
,
worry---worried
⑤
有些动词不符合上面的规则,需要特殊记忆。
如
:
am(is)-was,
are-were,
go-went,
eat-ate,
swim-swam,
buy-
bought,
think-thought,
win-
won,lose-lost
see-saw,
teach-taught,
bring-brought,
break-broke,
fall-fell,
hurt-hurt,
动词过去式变化规则
AAA
型(动词原形、过去式、过去
分词同形)
cost
(花费)
cost cost cut
(割)
cut cut
hit
(打)
hit hit hurt
伤害)
hurt hurt
let
(让)
let let put
(放)
put put
read
(读)
read read
(2)
AAB
型(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat
(跳动)
beat beaten
(3)
ABA
型(动词原形与过去分词同形)
become
(变成)
became become
come
(来)
run
(跑)
ran run
came come
(4)
ABB
型(过去式与过去分词同形)
dig
(挖)
dug dug get
(得到)
got got
hang
(吊死)
hanged hanged
hang
(悬挂)
hung
hung
hold
(抓住)
held held
shine
(照耀)
shone
shone
sit
(坐)
sat sat win
(赢)
won won
meet
(遇见)
met met keep
(保持)
kept kept
sleep
(睡)
slept slept
sweep
(扫)
swept
swept
feel
(感觉)
felt felt
smell
(闻)
smelt
smelt
leave
(离开)
left left
build
(建设)
built
built
lend
(借出)
lent lent send
(传送)
sent sent
spend
(花费)
spent spent lose
(丢失)
lost lost
burn
(燃烧)
burnt burnt
learn
(学习)
learnt
learnt
mean
(意思是)
meant meant
catch
(抓住)
caught
caught
teach
(教)
taught taught
bring
(带来)
brought
brought
fight
(战斗)
fought
fought buy
(买)
bought bought
think
(想)
thought thought hear
(听见)
heard heard
sell
(卖)
sold sold
tell
(告诉)
told
told
say
(说)
said said
find
(找到)
found
found
have/has
(有)
had had make
(制造)
made made
stand
(站)
stood stood
understand
明白
understood
understood
(5)
ABC
型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)
begin
(开始)
began begun
drink
(喝)
drank
drunk
ring
(铃响)
rang rung sing
(唱)
sang sung
swim
(游泳)
swam swum blow
(吹)
blew blown
draw
(画)
drew drawn fly
(飞)
flew flown
grow
(生长)
grew grown
know
(知道)
knew
known
throw
(投掷)
threw thrown
show
(出示)
showed
shown
break
(打破)
broke broken
choose
(选择)
chose
chosen
forget
p>
(
忘记)
forgot forgotten (forgot)
speak
(说,
讲)
spoke spoken
wake
(醒)
woke woke
drive
(驾驶)
drove
driven
eat
(吃)
ate eaten
fall
(落下)
fell
fallen
give
(给)
gave given
rise
(升高)
rose
risen
take
(取)
took taken
mistake
(弄错)
mistook mistaken
ride
(骑)
rode ridden
write
(写)
wrote
written
do
(做)
did done go
(去)
went gone
lie
(平躺)
lay lain see
(看见)
saw seen
wear
(穿)
wore worn
be ( am, is, are
)
(是)
was, were
been
①
一般情况下,在动词原形后直接加
ed
。
< br>
如:
wanted
,
played
。
②
以不发音的字母
< br>e
结尾的动词,直接加
d
。
p>
如:
hoped
,
lived
。
③
重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅
音字母,
再加
ed
。
< br>如:
stopped,
shipped
。
④
以辅音字母
+y
结尾的动词变
y
为
i
,再加
ed
。
如:
studied
,
worried
。
⑤
有些动词不符合上面的规则,需要特殊记忆。
如:
am(is)-was, are-were, go-
went, eat-ate,
swim-swam,
buy-bought, see-saw,
teach-taught,
bring-brought, think-thought,
fall-
fell, hurt-hurt, break-broke,
win-won,
lose-lost
不规则变化
一、
二、
三、
原形
read
cut
let
put
cost
hit
set
hurt
am/is
are
do/does
go
读
过去式
read/e/
切,割
cut
让
放
花费
let
put
cost
撞,击
hit
安置
伤害
是
是
做
走
set
hurt
was
were
did
went
had
gave
have/has
有
,
吃
give
给
四、
五、
become
come
run
begin
drink
sing
swim
ring
sit
blow
grow
draw
fly
know
wake
get
forget
win
ride
成为
来
跑
开始
喝
唱
游泳
became
came
ran
began
drank
sang
swam
打电话
rang
坐
吹
生长
画
飞
知道
醒
得到
忘记
赢
骑
sat
blew
grew
drew
flew
knew
woke
got
forgot
won
rode
六、
七、
write
speak
bear
wear
freeze
choose
bring
buy
fight
think
catch
teach
feed
meet
feel
keep
sleep
sweep
写
说
忍受
穿
冻结
选择
带来
买
打架
思考
捉
,
抓
教
喂
遇见
感到
保持
睡
扫
wrote
spoke
bore
wore
froze
chose
brought
bought
fought
thought
caught
taught
fed
met
felt
kept
slept
swept