初中数学英语专业术语

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2021年02月23日 08:23
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2021年2月23日发(作者:广东技术师范学院白云校区)


初中数学词汇




数学



mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)



公理



axiom


定理



theorem


计算



calculation


运算



operation


证明



prove


假设



hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)


命题



proposition


算术



arithmetic




plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)


被加数



augend, summand


加数



addend




sum




minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)


被减数



minuend



减数



subtrahend




remainder



times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)


被乘数



multiplicand, faciend


乘数



multiplicator




product





divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)


被除数



dividend


除数



divisor




quotient


等于



equals, is equal to, is equivalent to


大于



is greater than


小于



is lesser than


大于等于



is equal or greater than


小于等于



is equal or lesser than


运算符



operator


数字



digit




number


自然数



natural number


整数



integer


小数



decimal


小数点



decimal point


分数



fraction


分子



numerator


分母



denominator





ratio




positive




negative




null, zero, nought, nil


十进制



decimal system


二进制



binary system


十六进制



hexadecimal system




weight, significance


进位



carry


截尾



truncation


四舍五入



round


下舍入



round down


上舍入



round up


有效数字



significant digit


无效数字



insignificant digit


代数



algebra


公式



formula, formulae(pl.)


单项式



monomial


多项式



polynomial, multinomial


系数



coefficient


未知数


unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor


等式,方程式



equation


一次方程



simple equation


二次方程



quadratic equation


三次方程



cubic equation


四次方程



quartic equation


不等式



inequation


阶乘



factorial


对数



logarithm


指数,幂



exponent


乘方



power


二次方,平方



square


三次方,立方



cube


四次方



the power of four, the fourth power


n


次方



the power of n, the nth power



开方



evolution, extraction


二次方根,平方根



square root


三次方根,立方根



cube root


四次方根



the root of four, the fourth root


n


次方根



the root of n, the nth root


- 1 -




1






11




集合



aggregate


元素



element


空集



void


子集



subset


交集



intersection


并集



union


补集



complement


映射



mapping


函数



function


定义域



domain, field of definition




angle


角度



degree


弧度



radian


锐角



acute angle



直角



right angle


钝角



obtuse angle


平角



straight angle


周角



perigon




base




side


值域



range


常量



constant


变量



variable


单调性



monotonicity


奇偶性



parity


周期性



periodicity


图象



image


数列,级数



series


微积分



calculus


微分



differential


导数



derivative



极限



limit


无穷大



infinite(a.) infinity(n.)


无穷小



infinitesimal


积分



integral


定积分



definite integral


不定积分



indefinite integral


有理数



rational number


无理数



irrational number


实数



real number


虚数



imaginary number


复数



complex number


矩阵



matrix


行列式



determinant


几何



geometry




point


线



line




plane




solid


线段



segment


射线



radial


平行



parallel


相交



intersect





height


三角形



triangle


锐角三角形



acute triangle


直角三角形



right triangle


直角边



leg


斜边



hypotenuse


勾股定理



Pythagorean theorem


钝角三角形



obtuse triangle


不等边三角形



scalene triangle


等腰三角形



isosceles triangle


等边三角形



equilateral triangle


四边形



quadrilateral


平行四边形



parallelogram


矩形



rectangle




length




width


菱形


rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond


正方形



square


梯形



trapezoid


直角梯形



right trapezoid


等腰梯形



isosceles trapezoid


五边形



pentagon


六边形



hexagon


七边形



heptagon


八边形



octagon


九边形



enneagon


十边形



decagon


十一边形



hendecagon


十二边形



dodecagon


多边形



polygon


正多边形



equilateral polygon




circle


圆心



centre(BrE), center(AmE)


- 2 -




2






11




半径



radius


直径



diameter


圆周率



pi




arc


半圆



semicircle


扇形



sector




ring


椭圆



ellipse


圆周



circumference


周长



perimeter


面积



area


轨迹



locus, loca(pl.)


相似



similar


全等



congruent


四面体



tetrahedron


五面体



pentahedron


六面体



hexahedron


平行六面体



parallelepiped


立方体



cube


七面体



heptahedron


八面体



octahedron


九面体



enneahedron


十面体



decahedron


十一面体



hendecahedron


十二面体



dodecahedron



二十面体



icosahedron


多面体



polyhedron


棱锥



pyramid


棱柱



prism


棱台



frustum of a prism


旋转



rotation




axis


圆锥



cone


圆柱



cylinder


圆台



frustum of a cone




sphere


半球



hemisphere


底面



undersurface


表面积



surface area


体积



volume


空间



space


坐标系



coordinates


坐标轴



x-axis, y-axis, z-axis



横坐标



x-coordinate


纵坐标



y-coordinate


原点



origin


双曲线



hyperbola


抛物线



parabola


三角



trigonometry


正弦



sine


余弦



cosine


正切



tangent


余切



cotangent


正割



secant


余割



cosecant


反正弦



arc sine


反余弦



arc cosine


反正切



arc tangent


反余切



arc cotangent


反正割



arc secant


反余割



arc cosecant


相位



phase


周期



period


振幅



amplitude


内心



incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)


外心



excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)


旁心



escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)


垂心



orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)


重心



barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)


内切圆



inscribed circle


外切圆



circumcircle


统计



statistics


平均数



average


加权平均数



weighted average


方差



variance


标准差


root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation


比例



propotion


百分比



percent


百分点



percentage


百分位数



percentile


排列



permutation


组合



combination


概率,或然率



probability


分布



distribution


正态分布



normal distribution


非正态分布



abnormal distribution


- 3 -




3






11




图表



graph


条形统计图



bar graph


柱形统计图



histogram


折线统计图



broken line graph


曲线统计图



curve diagram


扇形统计图



pie diagram



数学公式的英文读法


&


数学英文词汇











there exist







for all



p



q




p implies q / if p, then q



p



q




p


if


and


only


if


q


/p


is


equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent








x



A




x


belongs


to


A


/


x


is


an


element (or a member) of A



x



A




x does not belong to A / x is not


an element (or a member) of A



A



B




A


is


contained


in


B


/


A


is


a


subset of B



A



B




A contains B / B is a subset of


A



A∩B





A


cap


B


/


A


meet


B


/


A


intersection B



A



B




A cup B / A join B / A union B



AB




A


minus


B


/


the


diference


between A and B




B




A


cross


B


/


the


cartesian


product of A and B




3. Real numbers





x+1




x plus one



x-1




x minus one




1




x plus or minus one



xy




xy / x multiplied by y








(x - y)(x + y)




x minus y, x plus y








x y




x over y



=




the equals sign



x = 5




x equals 5 / x is equal to 5




x≠5





x (is) not equal to 5



x≡y





x


is


equivalent


to


(or


identical


with) y



x



y





x


is


not


equivalent


to


(or


identical with) y



x > y




x is greater than y



x≥y





x is greater than or equal to y



x < y




x is less than y



x≤y





x is less than or equal to y



0 < x < 1




zero is less than x is less


than 1



0≤x≤1





zero is less than or equal to x


is less than or equal to 1



| x |




mod x / modulus x



x


2




x


squared


/


x


(raised)


to


the


power 2



x 3




x cubed



x


4




x


to


the


fourth


/


x


to


the


power


four



x n




x to the nth / x to the power n



x −n





x to the (power) minus n



x




(square) root x / the square root of


x



x 3




cube root (of) x



x 4




fourth root (of) x



x n




nth root (of) x



( x+y ) 2




x plus y all squared



( x y ) 2




x over y all squared



n!




n factorial



x ^




x hat



x ¯





x bar



x ˜





x tilde



x


i




xi


/


x


subscript


i


/


x


suffix


i


/


x


sub i




i=1


n


a


i





the


sum


from


i


equals


one to n a i / the sum as i runs from 1 to n of


the a i




4. Linear algebra







x






the norm (or modulus) of x



OA →





OA / vector OA



OA ¯





OA / the length of the segment


OA



- 4 -




4






11




A T




A transpose / the transpose of A



A −1





A inverse / the inverse of A




5. Functions





f( x )




fx / f of x / the function f of x



f:S→T





a function f from S to T



x→y





x


maps


to


y


/


x


is


sent


(or


mapped) to y



f'( x )




f prime x / f dash x / the (first)


derivative of f with respect to x



f''(


x


)




f


double-prime


x


/


f


double-dash


x


/


the


second


derivative


of


f


with respect to x



f'''( x )




triple-prime x / f triple-dash x


/ the third derivative of f with respect to x



f


(4)


(


x


)




f


four


x


/


the


fourth


derivative of f with respect to x



∂f



x


1





the


partial


(derivative)


of


f


with respect to x1




2


f



x


1


2





the


second


partial


(derivative) of f with respect to x1




0






the


integral


from


zero


to


infinity



lim



x→0





the limit as x approaches


zero



lim




x→


0


+





the


limit


as


x


approaches zero from above



lim




x→


0






the


limit


as


x


approaches zero from below



log e y




log y to the base e / log to the


base e of y / natural log (of) y



ln



y




log y to the base e / log to the


base e of y / natural log (of) y




一般词汇









mathematics,


maths(BrE),


math(AmE)





公理



axiom





定理



theorem





计算



calculation





运算



operation





证明



prove





假设



hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)






命题



proposition





算术



arithmetic







plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)





被加数



augend, summand





加数



addend







sum







minus(prep.),


subtract(v.),


subtraction(n.)





被减数



minuend





减数



subtrahend







remainder







times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)





被乘数



multiplicand, faciend





乘数



multiplicator







product







divided


by(prep.),


divide(v.),


division(n.)





被除数



dividend





除数



divisor







quotient





等于



equals, is equal to, is equivalent to





大于



is greater than





小于



is lesser than





大于等于



is equal or greater than





小于等于



is equal or lesser than





运算符



operator





数字



digit







number





自然数



natural number





整数



integer





小数



decimal





小数点



decimal point





分数



fraction





分子



numerator





分母



denominator







ratio







positive







negative







null, zero, nought, nil





十进制



decimal system





二进制



binary system





十六进制



hexadecimal system



- 5 -




5






11



-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-