成人高考英语范文

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2021年02月23日 15:42
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2021年2月23日发(作者:励志短信)


成人高考英语范文




成人高考英语语法练习







1. The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a


number of them _______ absent for different reasons.


A. were, was B. was, was


C. was, were D. were, were






2.


E-mail,


as


well


as


telephones,


________


an


important


part in daily munication.


A. is playing B. have played


C. are playing D. play






3.


______


of


the


land


in


that


district


______


covered


with trees and grass.


A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are


C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are






4. Ten minutes ______ a long time for one who waits.


A. seem B. seems


C. seemed D. are seemed






5.


Eric


is


the


only


one


of


the


boys


who


_____


a


driving


license.


A. has B. have


C. is having D. are having








6. Joy and Sorrow _____ next-door neighbours.


A. is B. are C. were D. be






7.


In


my


opinion,


some


of


the


news


_____


unbelievable.


A. are B. is C. has been D. have been






8. When ______ the United Nations founded?


A. is B. are C. was D. were






9. Every possible means _____ .


A. has tried B. has been tried


C. was tried D. were tried






10. What she says and does _____ nothing to do with


me.


A. was B. were C. has D. have


1



I



ll give the book to him as soon as he ____ es ____


back.


2



Has the baby ________ crying yet? (stop)


3



I don



t know whether Mother4



She _______ on her coat


and went out. (put)


5





What are they doing?





They


6



The boy asked his mother ________him go and play


basketball.(let)


7



I



m


sorry


to


keep


you


____________


for


a


long


time.


(wait)


8



9



If it ________ an interesting film, we



ll see it


tomorrow. (be)


10



They


usually


________


(do)


their


homework


after


supper.


1.


I___________


(teach)


here


for


ten


years


since


I


finished


school.


2. Would you mind me __________ (use) your bike?


3. The students of Class Two___________ (sweep) their


classroom now.


4.


The


Whites____________


(not


listen)


to


the


radio


at


that


time.


5. Its better to give than__________ (receive).


6. How long ______you_______ (live) in this town?


7. You _______ (e) here last year, ______ you?


8. ----When ______ you______ (see) him?


----I______ (see) him last Sunday.


9. She said that the car___________ (use) the next week.


10. I didnt know what __________ (happen) to China in a


century.


11.


When


I


got


to


the


station,


the


train


____


already


______


(leave).


12. The


stone


bridge______________


(build)


in


our


hometown


for ten years.


13. The desk must ______ (clean) once a day.


14. The dog _________ (lie) on the floor when I came in..


15. It _________(rain) heavily when I got home.


16. Her mother____________ (cook) at this time yesterday.


17. The students _____________ (do) their homework.


__________ (not make) any noise!


18. ----______ you ever_______ (be) to Bei * g? ----Yes.


I________ (go) there last week.


19.


Hell


telephone


us


as


soon


as


he


_________


(arrive)


there.


20. Jiefang trucks____________ (make) in Changchun.


21. A pen is used for__________ (write).


22. All that must ________ (do).


23


.My


friend


cant


decide


which


pair


of


trousers____________


(choose). So she asked me to go shopping with her.


24. They find it useful__________ (learn) English.


25. The old man often_________ (tell) the children a story


in the evening. This evening he


________ (tell) two stories.


26. The radio__________ (use) once in a week in our class.


It____________


(not


use)


yesterday


because


there


was


something


wrong with it.


27. Would please tell us how___________ (make) the watch


________ (work)?


28. She


doesnt


know


what_________


(do)


and


where__________


(go)


have taught


1. using


2. are sweeping


3. weren



t listening


4. to receive


5. have



lived


6. came



didn



t


7. did



see, saw


8. would be used


9. would happen


10. had



left


11. have been built


12. be cleaned


13. was lying


14. was raining


15. was cooking


16. are doing, Don



t make


17. have



beeen, went


18. arrives


19. are made


20. writing


21. be done


22. to choose


23. to learn


tells, will


1.


If


there


were


no


subjunctive


mood,


English


_________


much


easier.


A. will be B. would have been


C. could have been D. would be


2. If I _____ you, I



d join the army.


A. am B. was C. were D. would be


3. If he _______ tomorrow, he would find Mr Wang in the


office.


A. es B. will e C. should e


4. If it _______ next week , the crops would be saved.


A. rains B. will rains C. would rain


5. If I _______ it, I would do it in a different way.


A. were to do B. do C. had done


A. is B. will be C. were


7.


If


he


had


worked


harder,


he


_________.


D.


e


D.


should


rain


D.


was


to


do


6.


Supposing


the


weather


________


bad,


where


would


you go ? D. be


A. would sueed B. had sueeded


C. should sueed D. would have sueeded


8. If he ________, he _________ that food.


A. was warned; would not take


B. had been warned; would not have taken


C. would be warned; had not taken


D. would have been warned; had not taken


9.


If


my


lawyer


_________


here


last


Saturday,


he


_______


me


from going.


A. had been; would have prevented


B. had been; would prevent


C. were; would prevent


D. were; would have prevented


10. If he ______ it, he _______ it.


A. had seen; could have believed B. saw; couldn



t believe


C. saw; couldn



t have believed D. has seen; had believed


11.



Do you think the thief entered through the window?




No, if he had, I don



t believe, _______ broken the


living- room



s window.


A. he would have


C. he had B. he must have D. should he have


12.



Did you go swimming last Sunday?




No. We would have gone ______ nicer.


A. if the weather was


B. would the weather have been


D. should the weather be


13. ______ it ______ for your help, I couldn



t have made


any progress.


A. Had; not been B. Should; not been


C. Did; not been D. Not; been


14. _______ today, he would get there by Friday.


A. Would have left


C. Were he to leave


A. should be built


C. will be built


it is fine tomorrow, we ______ a football match.


a. have b. will have c. has d. shall has


he was at school, he ______ early and take a walk


before breakfast.


a. will rise b. shall rise b. should rise would rise


the past 30 years China ______ great advances in the


socialist revolution and socialist construction.


a. has made b. have made c. had made d. having made


4.I ______ go to bed until I ______ finished my work.


a.


don



t/had


b.


didn



t/have


c.


didn



t/had


d.


don



t/have


5.______ you think he ______ back by dinner time?


a. Do/have e b. Did/will have e c. Does/will e d. Do/will


have e



said


that


he


dropped


his


bag


when


he


______


for


the


bus.


a. was runing b. was running c. were running d. is running


sooner ______ he arrived home than he ______ to start


on another journey. a. has/was asked b. have/were asked c.


had/is asked d. had/was asked


8.



______ you give me a room for the night?



I asked on


arriving at the hotel.


a. Should b. Can c. Might d. May


are nine of them, so ______ get into the car at the


same time.


a. they may not at all b. all they may not c. they can



t


all d. all they can



t


10.



We


didn



t


see


him


at


the


lecture


yesterday.





He


______


it.




a. mustn



t attend b. cannot have attended


c. would have not attended d. needn



t have attended


11.



You realize that you were driving at 100 mph, don



t


you?






No,


officer.


I


______.


This


car


can



t


do


more


than


80.




a.


didn



t


need


to


be


b.


may


not


have


been


c.


couldn



t


have


been d. needn



t have been



was


a


good


runner


so


he


______


escape


from


the


police.


B. Was he leaving D. If he leaves B. would built D. built


15.


It


is


ordered


that


a


new


bridge


______


over


the


wide


river.


1.D 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.A 11.D 12.C 13.A 14.C


15.


a. might b. sueeded to c. would d. was able to


they ______, our plan will fall flat.


a. are co-operating b. had not co-operated c. won



t


co-operate d. didn



t co-operate


14.I hoped ______ my letter.


a.


her


to


answer


b.


that


she


would


answer


c.


that


she


answers


d. her answering


______ live in the country than in the city.


a. prefers b. likes to c. had better d. would rather


16.______ to see a film with us today?


a. Did you like b. Would you like c. Will you like d. Have


you liked


17.I



m


sorry,


but


I


had


no


alternative.


I


simply


______


what


I did.


a. must do b. had to do c. ought to have done d. have to do


18.



Time is running out,______?




a.


hadn



t


we


better


got


start


b.


hadn



t


we


better


get


start




t we better get started d. hadn



t we better not


started


one ______ that to his face.


a. dares say b. dares saying c. dare say d. dare to say



students


in


the


classroom


______


not


to


make


so


much


noise.


a. need b. ought c. must d. dare



______


last


week


if


you


were


really


serious


about


your


work.


a. ought to e b. ought to be ing c. ought have e d. ought


to have e


elephants ought ______ hours ago by the keepers.


a. to be fed b. to feed c. to being fed d. to have been fed


23.



I


wonder


why


they



re


late.





They


______


the


train.




a.


can


have


missed


b.


could


miss


c.


may


have


missed


d.


might


miss


24.



Tom graduated from college at a very young age.






He ______ have been an outstanding student.




a. must b. could c. should d. might


______ the examination again since you had already


passed it.


a. needn



t have taken b. didn



t need to take c. needn



t take d. mustn



t take


is really inpetent! The letter ______ yesterday.


a. should be finished typing b. must be finished typing


have finished typing c. should have been finished


typing


boy told his father that he would rather ______ an


astronaut.


a. bee b. to bee c. being d. became


we reached the station, the train had still not


arrived; so we ______.


a. needed not to hurry b. needn



t have hurried


c. need not to have hurried d. didn



t need to hurry


your roommate is visiting her family this


weekend,_____ you like to have dinner with us tonight?


a. will b. won



t c. wouldn



t d. do



was


afraid


what


he


had


done


______


a


disastrous


effect


on his career.


a. might have b. could be c. have been d. shall be


1-10 BDACDBDBCB 11-20 CDCBDBBCCB 21-30 DDCABDABCA


1. _____ you ready?


(A) Are (B) Have (C) Will (D) Can


2. ____ here early?


(A) Will he (B) Was he (C) Did he be (D) Were he


3. I ___ happy about the price of eggs.


(A) amt (B) am not (C) do not (D) won



t


4. Since last year I____ him only once.


(A) have seen (B) have been seeing (C) see (D) was seeing


5. Donald ___ sixteen tomorrow.


(A) is being (B) going to be (C) shall be (D) will be


6. I ___ the story at all.


(A) dont like (B) like (C) am fond of (D) would like


7. I would rather ___ than play now.


(A) to study (B)am studying (C) study (D) studied


8. Id rather you ___ anything about it for the time being.


(A) do (B) didnt do (C) dont


9. The car___much money.


(A)


10. I ___ like to eat fish.


(A) am (B) have (C) do (D) be


11. ___ repeat the question?


(A) Shall I (B) Will I (C)Would you like that I (D) Do you


want that I


12. My teacher knows more than ___.


(A) my uncle knows


(C) they


know (B)


my


uncle


does


(D)they dont


know (D)


didnt


not cost (B) not have cost (C) isnt cost (D) didnt cost


13. He___to meet us at the station, but didnt see us.


(A) did go (B) did went (C) goes (D) had


14. Not only ____us light.


(A) does the sun give (B) the sun gives


(C) gives the sun (D) the sun does give


15. ____ you tell me what has happened?


(A) May (B) Must (C) Can (D) Could


16. Anne___tomorrow.


(A) can sing (B) can to sing (C) is going sing (D) going to


sing


17. You___hand it in at once, you may hand it in tomorrow.


(A) neednt (B) may not (C) cant (D) must not


18. Tell the boy that he ___ in the river.


(A) swims (B) swim (C) swimming (D) to swim


19. Joan___play on Saturday.


(A) going to (B) can (C) is going (D) can to


20. Susan and I can go to the lecture ___.


(A) but neither can Charles (B) and so Charies can


(C) but Charles cant (D) and Charles also can


1. (A) 2, (B) 3. (B) 4. (A) 5, (D) 6, (A) 7. (C) 8. (B) 9.


(9) 10,


(C) (C) 11. (A) 12. (B) 13. (A) 14. (A) 15. (D) 16. (A) 17.


(A) 18. (B) 19. (B) 20,



语法




一:时态和语态




一)时态



1



12


种常见时态的基本用法,各种时态的基本表达方 式以及时


间顺序。




一般现在时:


表示现状,


性质,


特点或者客观真理。


常与


always



often



usuall y


等词连用



现在进行时:表示正在发 生的动作。常与


continually


constantly



all the time


等词连用



现在完成时:


表示已经完成或存在的状态。常与


since



for



yet



already


等词


连用



现在完成进行时:表示动作持续到现在可能刚刚中止,也可能


继续进行




一般过 去式:


表示过去某一时刻发生的动作。


常与

ago



yeaterday


,< /p>


when...


等词连用



过去进行时:


表示过去某一时间段持续进行的动作。


常用词语现在进行时一样




过 去完成时:


过去的过去,


必须在过去的界定条件下才可以使用。


常用


by +


过去的时间


/


一般过去式的句子




过去完成进行时:动作持续到过去的一个时间可能刚刚中止,也


可能继续 进行




一般将来时:将来的动 作,主语


will



shall



be going to



be to



be about to


的区别



将来进行时:将来的时间 里可能持续


发生的动作




过去将来时:表示从过去某时间看将来要发生的事情




将来完成时:动作要到将来某一时间完成。常用


by +


将来的时



/


一般现在时的句子


2



make sure/certain



in case


等词



后面


的从句常用现在时表示将来时



3


,主句是现在时态或将来时态,从句可以为任何时态。 主句为过


去的时态,从句必须是过去的时态。




二)被动语态



1



不能用被动语态的情况:< /p>


A:


不及物动词


B:


表示状态而不是动


作的词,如


cos t



fit



lack



want



wish suit




2


,感官动词(


hear


< p>
feel



listen to



see



watch



notice


等),使役动词:

< p>
have



make


,< /p>


help



let


等。被动时,需要将


to


补上。



3



被动语态一般都与其他考点 综合考察,


当看到选项有被动选项


时,首先应该考虑是否具有被 动关系。




二,非谓语动词




一)动词不定式



1


,动词不定式短语作主语时,往往放在谓语动词的后面,用引导



it


作形式主语。如果不定式作宾语而又跟有补语,这时,通常要




1



it is + adj+ for sb.


常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观


形式的形容词,



easy,


hard,


difficult,


interesting,


impossible


等:



2



it is + adj+of sb.


的句型一般表示人物的性格,品德,表示


主观感情或态度的形容词,如


good,


kind,


nice,


clever,


foolish,


right


等。



3,


动词不定式作定语:


①用 不定式作定语时,


如果它与所修饰的


词是动宾关系,

< p>
所以如果不定式是不及物动词,


其后面应跟上必要的


介词。②不定式作定语,如果与他所修饰的词是动宾关系,则不定式


后面不能再带宾语 。



4


动词不定式作状语:


①不定式能够修饰作表语或宾语补足语的


形容词,在句中作状语,这时不定式不能再带宾语。②作状语的不定


式的逻辑主语必须 与句子主语一致。



5,


不定式的时态和语态


:


被动式


to be studied


;进行式


to be


studying


;完成式


to have studied;


被动完成式


to have been


studied


6


,有些动词要求省掉


to


的不定式做宾语补足语:主要有:< /p>



A:


感官动词



hear



feel



listen


to


see



watch

< p>


notice


等)


,< /p>


使役动词:


have


< br>make



help



let


等。



B:can


not


help


but


do


(不得不);


can


not


but


do


(不得不);


cannot


choose


but


do


(只能)



had


better


do


(最好)



would


rather


do


(宁愿)



7


,两个不定式由


and



except



o r



than


连接时,可以省略第二< /p>



to




but


连接时,


如果前面有


do


及其变形,


可以省略第二个


to



反之则不行。




二)动名词



1



it


is no use/no good/useless/(not)


wise/ worthwhile/


of


great(no,little) importance


等句式,后加动名词



2


,常用动名词做宾语的动词:


admit,suggest, dislike,


appreciate,


enjoy,


keep,


prevent


等。注意 还有一些课本上的词。



3



动名词的逻辑主语:


如果动名词动作的发出者不是谓语动词的< /p>


主语时,则需要有自己的逻辑主语。但是,如果动名词的逻辑主语与


句子的主语相同,


则不应再有逻辑主语。


逻辑主语可以用物主 代词和


名词所有格,


也可以用人称代词宾格或名词的普通格。< /p>


例如:


his/


him


doing sth




4



动名词的时态和语态:


完成式:


having


done



被动式


being


done



完成被动式:


having been done


5



既 可以用动词不定时又可以用动名词的一些词的意义区别:



要有 :


forget



remember< /p>



stop



r egret



try



mean



go


on


+


to


do/


doing


6



allow,


permit,


forbid



encourage< /p>



advise


后面无宾语时,



doing


;后面有宾语时,接


to do


7


,动名词在固定结构中的使用



1



have


difficulty


/trouble/problem/a


hard


time/a


good


time


+



in



+doing


2



feel like +


名词


/


动名词



3



spend/waste time doing sth


4



cannot help doing sth.


忍不住(做什么)。这一句型要和


can not help but do


(不得不)以及


can not but do


(不得不)区


分开来



5



something


need/want/require


+


动名词表被动意义;


be


busy


doing sth.


忙于干某事



6



be worth doing sth.


值得


?


7



What about/how about doing ?


怎么样?




三)分词



1



动词不定式,


动名词与分词的否定形式是在它们的前 面加


not



never


2


,分词作定语:现在分词表示主动和进行,过去分词表 示被动和


完成。不定式表示将来。


3


,分词作状语:


1


)分词作状语时,它的


逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。



2




分词有时还可由连词

< p>
when



while



if



after


before



on

< p>


unless


等词引出,


通常表示一种状态,


当这些连词没有主语的时候,


其后可以直 接跟一个分词来表示一种伴随状态,


分词的使用要和主句


的主语 保持一致。



3




分词作状语时,要特别注意其逻 辑主语和主句谓语动词的一


致性。否则,分词必须有自己的主语。这种带主语的分词结构 称为独


立主格结构。



4


,分词作宾语补足语:


1




使役动词


have,


make,


get


的后面可


以接过去分词作宾补,


keep


的后面则接现在 分词作宾补。在



2




表示感觉的动词


notice, find, see, watch, hear, smell,


feel


等感官动 词后面用省掉


to


的动词不定式作宾语补语,通常表示


(


强调


)


动作从开始到 结束的全过程。


如果用现在分词作宾语补语,



通常表示动作正在进行。



5


,分词作表语:现在分词作表语表示主语的特征,常用于事物;


过去分词作表语 表示主语的状态,常用于人。现在分词意思是“令



...



,


过去分词意思是“某人感到

< p>
....


”;分词作表语时,现在分


词有“主动” 、“进行”、等意义;过去分词有“被动”、“完成”


等意义。


6


,分词的时态和语态:


1


)过去分词 没有完成时态和被动


语态



2




现在分词的时态和语态:


完成式:


having


done

< p>


被动式:


being


done


。表示




三、情态动词和虚拟语气考点总结




一)情态动词:




常见的情态动词有


can ,could,may ,might,must,should,ought


to



need,dare,ought to.



特别注意:没有


will



would


1, can


表示能,


could


是它的过去式,< /p>



May


表示可能,

< p>
might


是它的过去式。




语气方面:


can


最直截了当,


could


礼貌客气,


may


既尊重又礼貌,


might

< br>含做作的成分。


2



must


的含义,第一个含义是:必须。其否


定回答一般是:

< p>
need


not


或者


dont


have


to.


第二个含义是:


肯定。


其否定形式是


cant


不可能。




mustnt


的意思是:


禁止,


绝对不行。



3



need


作为情态动词的时候, 一般只用于肯定句和疑问句中。


当然也可以作为实义动词,意思是需要。需要注意的是: 情态动词的


否定用


neednt


,实义动词的否定用


dont need.


另:


dare


need


的用法,一般用于否定句和疑问句中。往往具有实义动词的意思。



4



should



ought


to


的用法。


其否定形式是:


shouldnt



ought


not to


。意思是:应该。


5


,情态动词


+ have+ done


Must have done


肯定已经做过


may/might have done


可能已经


做过


....


May/ might not have done


可能不会做过


....


Neednt have done


做了不必要或不需要做的事情。



an/ could have done


可能已经


can/ could not have done



可能已经。



Should/ ought to have done


应该做的事情却没做。


Should not


have done/ ought not to have done


做了不应该做的事情。




二)虚拟语气:




第一,


if


条件句。



1


,普通状态:



1


),对现在的虚拟:从句:


If+


主语


+


过去式(


be-- were



+...



主句:主语


+should/could/might/could +


动词原形


+.....


2


),对过去的虚拟:


If+


主语


+had+


过去分词


+...



主句:主语


+should/c ould/might/could


+


have+


过去分词


+.....


3




对将来的虚拟:


从句:


If+


主语


+should/were


to/


were


going


to +


动词原形


+...



主句:主语


+should/could/might/could +


动词原形


+.....


2



if


条件句中的从句中有


were



had



could



should

< p>
。可以省



if


,使用 倒装结构。注意:只把


were



ha d



could


should



到句首,其他的一律不倒装。除非有


werent/ hadnt/


couldnt/shouldnt


这些分不开的形式。



3



用介词短语替代

< p>
if


条件句,


其后的句子和


if


条件句主句的变


化形式相同。


这 些词包括:


but



but


for



with



without



unde r



otherwise


等。


如果这些词后面


+


客观事实,


主句表示对现在的虚拟,



should/could/might/could


+


动 词原形。如果这些词后面加一个


具体的事情,


就默认这个事情为 过去的事情,


主句表示对过去的虚拟,


用主语

< br>+should/could/might/could + have+


过去分 词


+.....




4



有些虚拟语气是可以省略主 句或者从句的,


往往都是其前面或


者后面有一个陪衬的句子。起 到一个解释说明的作用,中间是句号。


这种题目要根据陪衬的句子来分析是对现在,


过去,


还是将来的虚拟。



5



混和虚拟语气。

< p>
当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为


所发生的时间不一致时,动词 的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。


往往主句或从句有一个明确的时间点来界定。



第二,


Wish/


if


only/


even if(though)/as if(though)/ suppose


,这几个词需 要引导虚拟


语气,


其变化形式基本同


i f


条件句引导的虚拟语气,


需要注意的是:

将来形式不同。这些词引导的虚拟语气形式是:




对现在的虚拟:从句谓语用:过去式(


were





对过去的虚拟: 从句谓语用:


had+


过去分词


/ could have +


过去


分词




对将来的虚拟:从句谓语用:


would/ could +


动词原形




第三,过去式形式



1, It is



high/ about



time (that)


,后面的从句谓语动词用



过去式或者


should do



should


不能省略。



2



would



just< /p>



rather/ sooner/ as soon


,从句谓语动词用



过去式。注意这些词在动词不定式中的应用与这里的区别。




第四,


should do


形式,


should


可省略。



1



for fear that



lest


从句谓语动词



用(

< br>should



do


2


,一些表示建议,要求,命令的动词引导的宾语从句。其名词形


式引导的从句。以及


it is + suggested that


的形式。




这些动词有:


suggest



insist



remend



order



propose



urge

< br>,


require



advis e



request



desire



mand



demand



arrange



move


等。




其名词性是有:


suggest ion



insistence


,


remendation,


order



proposal



urge, requirement



advice



request



desire, mand,


demand,arrangement,motion.



另外还包括:


necessit y



decision



resolution



plan

< br>等词



3



it


is


+


形容词


+that



这些形容词有:


important



necessary



e ssential



advisable



better



vital


等。




四,定语从句:



1


,在非正式场合,


that


有时可 用来代替关系副词或相当于关系


副词的“介词


+which


”,而且经常全部省略,



2


,是用关系代词还是用关系副词:




方法一:


用关系代词,


还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动


词。 及物动词后面无宾语,


就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则


要求用关系副词。




方法二:



准确判断先行词在定语从句 中的成分


(


主、


谓、

< br>宾、


定、



)

< br>,也能正确选择出关系代词


/


关系副词。



3


,定语从句中的时态。如果主句是一般将 来时或过去将来时,从


句的动作与主句的同时发




生,那么该从句要用一般现在时表示一般将来时、用一般 过去时


表示过去将来时。


4


,限制性和非限制性定语从句



1



定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。


限制性定语从句是先行词


不可缺少的部分,


去掉它主句意思往 往不明确;


非限制性定语从句是


先行词的附加说明,

< p>
去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,


它与主句之间通


常 用逗号分开。



2



当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,


其后的

< p>
定语从句通常是非限制性的。



3



非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词


,


对其进行修饰


,


这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。



4


)关系代词


that


和关系副词


why


不能引导非限制性定语从句< /p>



5


,介词

+


关系词



1


)介词后面的关系词不能省略。



2



that


前不能有介词。



3


)某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的



4




“介词


+


关系代词”


的结构中,


也可用复杂介词,


如:


by


means


of


(用,依靠),


as a result of


(作为结果)等



6



as, which


非限定性定语从句



as < /p>



which


在引导非限制性定语从句时 ,


这两个关系代词都指主


句所表达的整个意思,


且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。


但不同


之处主要 有两点:



1



as


引导的定语从句可置于句 首,而


which


不可。



2


)在


the same



such


之后,定语从句用


as


引导。



3



as


引导非限定性定语从句即可 放在主句之前,也可放在主句


之后,用来修饰整个句子。当


as


在从句中作主语时,后面常接下列


句型。如:

< br>as


is


known,


as


is


said,


as


is


reported


as


is


announced


等。



7


一个先行词后面可以跟一个以上的定语从句,


这种现象叫 双重


关系从句:



He is the only person that I can find who is able to solve


the problem





他是我能找到的唯一解决这个问题的人。



8


,先行词和关系词合二为一:


what/whatever;that/what;


who/whoever


what = the thing that



whatever = anything that/which


who= the person that whoever= anyone who/that


9


,关系代词


that


的用法



1

< br>)不用


that


的情况



a)


在引导非限定性定语从句时。


b)


介词后不能用。



2)


只能用


that


作为定语从句的关系代词的 情况



a)


先行词由


the


same,


the


very,


the


first,


the


last,


the


only,


the one, all, no, much, few



little, none, any, every


等时,


常用


that,


而不用


which


b) < /p>


先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时,只用


that




c)


先 行词既有人,又有物时


,


只用


that




10

,定语从句可以是一个动词不定式,但一般要使用“介词


+


关系


代词“这种形式出现。




五:状语从句:



< p>
一)时间状语从句:


when


< br>while



as


< p>
after



before



as


soon


as



since



till/until, by the time


1,when, while, as


的 区别:


when


即可引导延续性又可引导短暂

< br>性动词,还可以表示从句动作在主句之前或之后发生;


while


必须引


导延续性动词,强调两个动作同时发生,又可表示类比;


as


表示一


边,一边。引导延续性动作



2



Before


引导的句子,主句时间在前,从句时间在后,


after



导的句子,主句时间在后,从句时间在前。



3



since


引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是


瞬时动词。一般情况下, 从句谓语动词用一般过去时,而主句的谓语


动词用现在完成时。但在

It


is


+时间+


since


从句的句型中,主句


多用一般现在时,从句用一般过去时。



4



as


soon


as



immediately



directly



instantly



th e


moment



the minute



once


表示“一< /p>


....


就”。


Hardly....when, no


sooner....than


意思与此相同,但是主句用过去完成时,从句用一


般过去式。



5



each time, every time



whenever


每次,每当。




二)地点状语从句:



1



wherever/ anywhere = no matter where


2, everywhere


:每个地方




三)条件状语从句:



1



unless= if not


除非



2



as long as



so long as


只要;


in case


以防,以免



3



on condition that,providing that, provided that



supposing/supposed that, =if



四),原因状语从句



1



because


表示直接原因,语气最强



2



since


表示已知原因,语气比< /p>


because




3



seeing (that), now


(that),


considering (that),


in


that,


given


that


意思为


“既然,


因为”



4



as


表示双方都知道的原因,


一般用于句首



5



for

引导的原因只能放在主句之后并且用逗号隔开




五),目的状语从句



1



so that


以至于


= in order that


,另外还有


for the purpose


that



so much so that.



六),结果状语从句



1



so....that ,such....that



so+adj/adv, such+n


2,to the degree (that), to the extent (that), to such a


degree (that), to such an extent (that)


So

< br>和


such


的区别:


such


是形容词,


修饰名词或名词词组,


so



副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。


1 ,


单数可数名词钱有不定冠词与形


容词是,

so



such


的位置不同。



So+adj/adv + a/an + n



Such + a/an + adj + n


2,so


后即使有形容词,也不能修饰复数名词和不可 数名词,而


such


可以。



3,


名词前有


many



much



litt le



few


修饰时,需要用


so


,不用


such


, 但是当


little


表示“小”而不表示“少”的意思时,用< /p>


such



七)让步状语从句



1



as



thoug h


引导的让步状语从句,需要倒装:


adj/adv+


as/though+


主语


+


谓语。但是


although


不能,他们不能与


but


连用



2



even if



even though


:即使



3



no matter +


疑问词


=


疑问词


+ ever


不管

< p>
.....


都。注意:


no


matter how



howev er


后要直接加形容词或者副词


+


主语


+


谓语



4



despite= in spite of

< p>
尽管


,


他们要使用状语从句需要用


despite/ in spite of the fact that... 5



while


有时也可表示


让 步的意思:虽然。位于句首。




八),比较状语从句



1




同级比较:


as +adj + as



not so (as) + adj + as


;比较


级:


adj


比较级


+ than


;最高级:


the most+ adj



the +adj


最高


级。



2



倍数的表达:


主语


+


谓语


+


倍数


+as


+


adj+


as




+< /p>



+


倍数


+mo re


than


;主


+



+


倍数


+the size



amount


length+ of


3



the


比较级


....... The


比较级。主句与从句句式要一致



4



(Just)


as.....


(so).....


正如


......



......< /p>



.....


,主


句与从句句式要一致



5



more


than


的用法:多于,不止;


More


than+adj


:很,非常;



No


more


than


只不过,


not


more


than


不如;


more+


adj


+


than


+adj



肯定前者,否定后者,是


.....


而不是


.....


6



as far as



so far as 1


,表示直到


....


为止。


前者用于


肯定句,后者用于否定句。


2



表示就


....


而言,两者可以互换




九)方式状语从句



1



引导词有:


as


正如,


as


if/though


好像,


引导虚拟语气;


the


way


正如。




六:名词性从句:




疑问词引导的主语,


表语和宾语 从句:


1



疑问词本身有意义,


2



疑问词在句子中做成分,


3


,从句用陈述语气。这些疑问词有:


who,


whom, whose, what, which, where, why, when, how


包括


whatever,whoever, wherever,whenever,whichever


,注意:没有


whomever





一)主语从句



1

< p>
,主语从句常用


it


做形式主语,也可以以疑问词 或者


that



whether


放在句首引导的正常句式的主语从句,要学会使用。引导主


语从句的< /p>


that


不能省略,引导宾语从句的


th at


可以省略。



2



whether


既可以引导主语也可以引导宾 语从句,但


if


不能引


导主语从句,< /p>


whether


后可以加


or not< /p>



if


不行。作介词宾语时不

< p>


if



二)宾语从句



1

< p>
,可用疑问词,


that



if


引导宾语从句。



2< /p>



think



believe



suppose


,< /p>


expect


等动词的宾语从句,其否


定形式为将


think


变为否定


3< /p>


,当宾语从句后还有补语时,


it


做形< /p>


式宾语,而将整整的宾语从句放在句尾



4



that

< br>引导的名词性从句还可以用在一些表达感情色彩的形容


词后面。如


sure



certain



doubtful



worried< /p>



glad



happy





三)同位语从句



1



同位语从句常见的引导词:


news



fact



idea



truth



suggestion



doubt



belief


等。起到补充说明的作用。其引导词只能是


that


,而


主语从句,宾语从句和表语从 句的引导词可以是疑问词,


that



whether



if


。注意其与定语 从句的区别。




四)表语从句



1

< p>
,表语从句:可以用


that


引导,也可以用疑问 词引导。正式文


体中不省略,非正式文体中省略。




七,强调句和倒装句




一)强调句



1


,强调非谓语:



1


)一般句式:


it is/was +


强调的成分


+ that/who/whom+


其他成




2


)注意一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的倒装强调句型。



3


)注意


not



until




句型的强调句,


it is not


until ....that.....


4


)强调主语时,


that


< br>who


后面的谓语动词的形式仍然取决于


原句中的主语< /p>



5


)注意强调句与主语从句,定语从句和状语从句的区别。



2


,强调谓语:




助动词


do

的各种变形


+


动词原形。


谓语动词 只有两种时态能强调,


即一般现在时和一般过去时。在一般现在时中,

< br>do


有人称的变化,


第三人称单数用

does


,一般过去时


do


变成


did





二)倒装句



1


)完全倒装:是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之 前。此结


构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。



1:



here, there, now, then


等副词开头的句子中。习惯上用

< br>一般现在时(除以


then


开头的句子用过去时)。用完 全倒装。



2: such


放 在句首可以表示强调,意思是:“这就是”,用完全


倒装。



3:


表示运动方向的副词,介词置于句首,需要使用完 全倒装。这


些词有


in



away



up



out



down


,< /p>


under



behind



ahead


等。



2




部分倒装:是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语


之前。如果句子的谓语没有助 动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词


do,


does

< p>


did


,并将其置于主语之前。



1:


一般疑问句和特殊疑问句要倒装



部分倒装。



2:


There


be


句型当中。


There


be


句型表达的意思是:


“某处有


?.

< p>



这个句型的主语在谓语动词后面,

< p>
因此这是倒装语序。


注意:


there


be


句型的时态;



have



has


表示


“有”


的含义的时候,


不能连用;

< p>
there


be


句型的变形,用一些表示具体行 为的动词代替


be


动词。


3:


当连



as


表示


“虽然、


尽管”


引导让步状语从句 时,


句子要倒装,


as


< p>
当于


though,


可以替换。形容词

< p>
/


副词


+as +


主语


+


谓语,主句。部分


倒装。

< p>


4



虚拟语气条件从句中的


if


被省略时,


要把从句中的


were,


had



should



could


移到主语之前。(


if


的省略、倒装 只限于从句中



were, had



should



could


这三个词时。)。部分倒装。



5


:以


so


开头的,表示“也一样”,“也这 样”的句子要倒装。


So


用于肯定句,代替上文中的形容词、 名词或动词,通常指前面所


说的肯定情况也适用于其他人或物。结构是“


so + be (do, have



他助动词或 情态动词


)


+主语”。注意:


so


后面的谓语动词要同前半


句的第一个谓语动词一致,如果只有一个谓 语动词,使用助动词。使


用部分倒装形式。注意:如果只是对前句的内容表示同意,则不 要倒


装。



6




neither



nor


开头的句子,


表示


?


也不”


时,

< br>句子倒装。


Neither



nor


意思相同,可以互换。


Neither, nor

< p>
用于否定句,


通常指前面所说的否定情况也适用于其他人或物。结构是:< /p>


Neither


(nor)


+


be


(do,


have,


其他助动词或情态动词


)


+主语。< /p>


部分倒装。


Neither


< p>
nor


后面的谓语动词要同前半句的第一个谓语动词一致,


如果只有一个谓语动词,使用助动词。



7


:在表示祝愿的句子中,用部分倒装。常见的有


May,


Long


live


等。



8


:在以


never,


hardly,


scarcely,


rarely,


barely,


seldom,


not


only, not until, nor, little, nowhere, hardly?.when, no


sooner?.than, by no means, under no circumstances


等开头的句


子中,主谓要倒装。 这些都是表示否定或半否定意义的词或词组。,


部分倒装。



9


:在以“


only+


状语”开头的句子中,主谓要倒装。这里


only



面必须跟有它修饰的状语或状语从句,这是关键。否则就不倒装。

< br>



八、、主谓一致




一)就近原则。



1



Or



either...or, neither...nor, not only... But also.


引导的两个并列主语,谓语动词要同离主语最近的 主语一致。



2


,如果


there be


后面有两 个或两个以上并列主语时,谓语也和


最临近的那个一致。如果


t here be


后面只有一个主语,就和那个主


语保持一致。< /p>




二)首主语决定原则。




当两个主语由


as well as, as much as,with,along with,


together with, including, followed by, like, unlike,except,


but, besides,rather than


等词连 接时,谓语动词由第一个主语决


定。




三)单数原则。即谓语动词需要使用单数。



1



many a



more than one +


主语。即使主语是由


and


连接的< /p>


两个或两个以上的主语,谓语动词都用单数。



2



either



neither



eve ry



one



no



each


< br>the


other



anot her


做主语,或这些词


+


名词做主语 时。即使主语是由


and


连接的两个或


两个以上的主语,谓语动词都用单数。


3



a/this/that +


k ind/sort/type/pair....


形容词


+of


做主语时



4



some/any/no/every + thing/one/body


做主语时,谓语动词


用单数。 做宾语时,同宾语决定原则,谓语动词也用单数。



5


,不定式,动名词,介词短语,


wh



+ to do


,名词性从句等做


主语 时,谓语动词用单数。注意:如果是由


and



both and


等表示


复数含义的词连接的两个或两 个以上的这种类型的主语时,


谓语动词


用复数。



6



furnit ure



baggage/laggage,


machinery,clothing,jewelry


等集体名词做主语时 。



7


,表示时间,距离,金 钱,重量等词,尽管是复数形式,但是作


为整体看待,谓语动词用单数。当数词做主语时 ,谓语动词用单数。



8


,如果是由


and


连接的一个人或一件事情,谓语动词用单数。




四)复数原则。即谓语动词需要用复数



1



and



both....and...


引导的两个并列主语,注意:单数原则

< br>的


1,2


两点的例外。


2< /p>



复型名词:


glasses

< p>


shoes



sock s



gloves


等词



3



people



police


cattle


等词,注意


people

作为民族的意思


时,是可数名词,有单复数形式的变化。




五)宾语决定原则。即谓语动词由其后所带的宾语决定。



1



what

< br>,


who



which


等疑问词引导的疑问句,其谓语动词由句


子的宾语决定。



2



there be


句型,包括


there be


句型的变形形式。即


be


动词


可以使其 他的实义动词,如:


seems



ha ppened



appears


等等。




六)集体名词原则



1


,群体名词:


family



army



crowd



population


等词,即如果


这些名 词作为一个整体看待,


谓语动词用单数,


考虑到整体的每一个< /p>


成员,谓语动词用复数。



2< /p>



all+


句子。原则同上。

< p>


3



the+ adj



表示一类人时,


谓语动词用复 数。


表示抽象概念是,


谓语动词用单数,大多数情况下,表示一 类人。




七)主语名词决定原则。即谓语动词由主语中的名词决定。



1



any


more



some

< p>


half



most< /p>



all



no ne....+ of


做主语


时,


或 者这些词直接加名词做主语时,


谓语动词往往与这个名词相一


致 。如果名词是可数名词单数或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。如果


名词是可数名词复数, 谓语动词用复数。



2



a+


单数名词


+or two


做主语时,谓语动词用单数;


one or two


+


复数做主语时,谓语动词用复数。



3



means



works


等单复数通行的词作主语时,


如果前面有


each



every



no


< br>either



neither


等表示单数概念的词修饰时,谓语动


词用单数。如果由


all< /p>



both



s ome



any


等表示复数概念的词修 饰


时,谓语动词用复数。



4


,分数,百分比


+of+


名词做主语时 ,谓语动词与


of


后的名词保


持一致。



5



a


number


of


+


名词,谓语动词用复数。


The


number


of


+


名词,


谓语动词用单数。



6



the rest


引导的句子,如果只剩下一个,谓语动词用单数。


如果剩余两个或两个 以上,谓语动词用复数。



7


,在句子中,真正的主语可以被


of



in



at



on


等介词引导的


定语所修饰,


在做定 语从句等相关的题目时,


要找出句子真正的主语


或先行词,不要 被这些介词所引导的定语所迷惑。



另:插入语和反


义疑问句。




插入语




一个句子中间插入一个成分


,< /p>


它不作句子的何种成分


,


也不和句子


的何种成分发生结构关系


,


同时既不起连接 作用


,


也不表示语气


,


这个


成分称之插入语。


并不影响句子的使用。


常见的插入句如下:


I


think


/ hope / expect / believe / suppose



I am sure


(我可以肯定


地说),


that


is



to


say



(也就是说),


whats


more



whats


worse



what is important / serious


(重要


/


严重的是),


as


we


all


know


(众所周知)


等。


注意:


I


think


/


hope


/


expect


/


believe


/ suppose


等结构在疑问句中为


do you think / hope / expect /


believe / suppose



反义疑问句




大的原则:前半句为肯定句,反义疑问句就用否定。前半 句为否


定句,或者带有半否定词的句子,后半句反义疑问句则用肯定。

< br>


1


.当陈述部分的主语是

I


,而句子又用来征询对方的意见时,附


加疑问句中的主语 用


you




2



如果陈述部分用

< p>
I



m?


结构,


附加疑问部分一般用


aren



t


I




3.


当陈述句为


there


be


结构时,


附加疑问句中的主语也用


there




4.


陈述部分带有


seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few,


little,nowhere, nothing


等否定词或半否定词时,附加疑问部分的


动词用肯定形式。

< p>



如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀, 那么,该陈述部分作肯定


处理,附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。



5.


当陈述部分为主从复合句时,


附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主


语和谓语动词保持对应关系。




但当陈述部分的主语是

I


,谓语是


think, believe, suppose,


expect


这类动词时,附加疑问部分则 往往与从句中的主语和谓语动


词保持对应关系,但要注意否定的转移。

< br>


6



当陈述部分是并 列句,


附加疑问句则需和就近的分句的主语和


谓语一致。



7


.在由“祈使句


+


附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中,附加疑问部


分一般 用


will you, won



t you, would you





但是,



let



s


开头的祈使句,


附加疑问部分用


shall


we;



let

us


开头的祈使句,如果含义是


allow us


,不包括听话人在内,疑问


部分用


will you




8


.当陈述部分含有情态动词


used to

< br>时,疑问部分可用


usedn



t



didn



t




9


.当陈述部分带有情态动词


ought to


时,疑问部分用


oughtn



t



shouldn



t




10


.当陈述部分含有


had better

< br>时,疑问部分用


had




in advance


事先;提前



on purpose


故意



adjust to (


使


)


适应于, 把


...


调节到



apply for


申请,请求



assign to


指派,选派



attempt at


企图,努力



attribute to



...


归因于,归咎于



belong to


属于



benefit from


受益,获益



burst out + V-ing


爆发,突然发作



catch up with


赶上



bine with


结合,联合,化合



concentrate on


集中,专心



cope with


对付,应付



count on


倚靠,指望



deal with


处理,论述,涉及



dedicate to


奉献,把

...


用在



depend on/upon


依靠,信赖,取决于



differ from


不同



engage in


使从事于,使忙于



equip with


装备,配备



exchange for


交换,调换,兑换



figure out


计算出;领会到



find out


查明,发现



focus on (


使


)


聚焦,


(


使


)


集中



hear of/about


听到



hear from


收到


...


的< /p>


(


来信


)


can/could not help +V-ing


禁不住,忍不住



hinder from


阻止,妨碍



involve in


卷入,陷入;牵涉,包含



leave behind


留下,忘记带



major in


主修,专攻



object to


反对,不赞成



persist in


坚持不懈,执意;持续



plunge into


纵身投入,跳入;猛冲;



point out


指出



remind sb. of sth.


使想起



remind sb. to do sth.


提醒某人做某事



resort to


求助;诉诸于,采取,凭借



respond to


响应,回答



result in


导致,结果是



select from


挑选,选择



separate from (


使

)


分离;


(


使

)


分开



settle down


定居;解决,调停



share with


分与,分派,分配,分享,共用



specialize in


擅长于,专门研究,专攻



suffer


from


忍受,遭受;使痛苦,患病;


switch


off


切断,


(


开关


)


关掉

switch on


接通,


(


用开关


)


开起


affect v.


影响,传染,


感动



effort n.


努力



effect n.


结果,影响



effective adj.


有效的;卓有成效



apply v.


申请



application n.


申请书



applicant n.


申请人



aware adj.


意识到的,知道的



unaware adj.


没有意识到的(反义词)



appreciate v.


欣赏,感谢,正确评价



appreciation n.


欣赏,感谢



benefit n.


益处,好处


v.


有益于,受益



campus n.


(大学)校园



candidate n.


候选人,报考者,申请者



capable adj.


有能力的,能干的



career n.


职业,生涯,经历



case n.


案例,情况,事实,病例



challenge n.


挑战,艰巨任务


v.


挑战,要求试



mon adj.


共同的



character n.


性格



chase v./n.


追逐,追求,寻觅



contract v.


收缩,缩小


n.


合同,契约



cheat v./n.


欺骗,作弊,骗子,欺骗行为



check v./n.


检查,核对


n.


支票



circumstance n.


情况,形势,境遇



plain v.


抱怨,申诉



plaint n.


抱怨,申诉,疾病



pete v.


竞争,比赛



petition n.


比赛,竞争



petitive adj.


竞争激烈的;充满竞争的



convenient adj.


方便的,舒适的



convenience n.


便利,方便,公共厕所



create v.


创造,产生



credit n.


信贷,信任


v.


信任



crisis n .


危机,决定性时刻,转折点(





critical adj.


决定性的,批判的,危急的



criticize/-ise v.


批评,评论,指责



cultivate v.


栽培,培养,耕作



culture n.


文化,教养



curiosity n.


好奇心



custom n.


习惯,风俗



customer n.


顾客



direction n.


方向,方位



disappear v.


不见,消失



disaster n.


灾难,大祸



discourage v.


使气馁,阻碍



emotion n.


情感,激情,情绪



emphasis v./n.


强调,重点



encourage v.


鼓励,激励



enforce v.


实施,生效,强迫,执行,加强



enlarge v.


扩大,扩展,详述



ensure v.


保证,担保,确定



enable v.


是能够,使有能力



enrich v.


使丰富



contrast...with...


把……与……相对


(


对照


)


in contrast to/with


和……形成对比



by contrast


对比之下



take sth. under control(



)


控制住



out of control


无法控制



be convenient to/for


对……方便



cope with(



deal with



try to find a solution to)


应付,处




at all costs


不惜任何代价



at the cost of


以……为代价



emerge


from(


=< /p>


appear



bee


known)


出现,


暴露


(< /p>


问题,


意见等


)


end


up with


以……而结束



engage in



be engaged in


忙于,从事



be equipped with


装备有,装有



except(



but)


除了



except for(



apart from)


除……以外



be good for


对……有好处;对……有作用



be good at


擅长于;



be good to


对……好



...for granted(



assume to be true)



把……认为理所当然的



be in the habit of


习惯于



get (fall) into the habit of


养成了……的习惯



live from hand to mouth


勉强度日,现挣现吃



at heart(



in reality)


内心里,实际上



in ones heart(of hearts)


内心深处,事实上



by heart(



by memory)

< br>熟记,背


(



)


with all ones heart


全心全意地,真心实意



be ignorant of(



lacking knowledge)


对……不了解,不知道


make (leave)an impression on sb.




give impression


给……留下印象



make the most (use)of


充分利用


gift talent



by nature


天生的,生来



in nature


本质上


natural


name after


用……的名字命名



none other than


不是别人,正是……



nothing but


只有,不过……而已



it ours to ...


某人想到……



all at once(



s uddenly



now)


立即,马上



once in a while(



oasionally)


偶尔



in order


井井有条,处于良好状态;



out of order(



in bad condition)


出毛病,发生故障



participate in(



take part in)


参加



be patient with


对……耐心



perform on the piano(



play the piano)


演奏钢琴



persist in


坚持,固执



in person


亲自,当面



e to the point


谈主要问题



there is no point in doing sth.


没必要做某事



point at(



indicate



direct attention)


指着



point out(



indicate


show)


指出,指明



popular with/among


大众所喜爱的,拥戴



resort to


诉诸于……,求助于……



resort to force


诉诸于武力



respond to


对……反应,响应,对

< p>
(



)


有效



in response to(



as an answer to)


回答,反应



be responsible for


对……负责,是造成……原因



result in(



cau se)


导致



with the result that


其结果是



in return(for)


作为报答;以报答


(for)


get rid of


摆脱,去掉,除去



be in the right


正确的;



in the wrong


错误的



give rise to(



lead to)


引起,导致



at the risk of(



with danger of)


冒……的风险



for the sake of(



for the good or advantage of)


为了……起




be satisfied with


满意



on a large scale


大规模地



on schedule


按时,准时



ahead of schedule


提前;


in advance


预先;



behind schedule


落后于计划进度,晚于规定时间



in search of


寻找;



in honor of


为了表示对……敬意;



in memory of


为了纪念……;



in pursuit of


追求……;



on behalf of


代表……的利益;



in favor of


赞成……;



in season


旺季



in secret


秘密地;


in private


私下



share


与……分享,分担,分摊,共用



be sorry about/for


懊悔的,后悔的,难过的



specialize in


专门研究,专攻



in spite of(



despite)


尽管



stick to


粘着,坚持



stick to ones friend


忠于朋友



stick


at(



continue


to


work


hard


at)


继续勤奋地致力于……;



stick at ones books


勤奋读书



be strict with


对……严格要求



be/go on strike


罢工



suffer from


患……病;受……苦痛



be suitable for(


< br>fit)


适合……的



be surprised at


对……惊奇;



take...by surprise


使……惊奇;



to ones surprise


使某人惊奇



in good taste


大方,得体;


(


反意


)


in bad taste


小家子气



in


terms


of(



with


regard


to



respectively)


按照,


根据,

< p>
在……


方面



think of(



have the idea of)< /p>


想到;


(



co nsider)


考虑;


(


< p>
remember)


想起


on second thoughts


经再三考虑之后



at the thought of


一想到……



for the time being(


< p>
temporarily)


暂时



in time (for)


及时


on time


准时



at no time


无论何时也不……



in on time(



very quickly)


立即,马上



at times(



oasionally)


间或,时常



at all times(< /p>



always)


始终,总是

< p>


be in use (



be used)


被使用;



be out of use(



be on longer used)


不再被使用



be used to



V-ing


习惯于


used to


+动词原形< /p>


(


过去常常做


) in


vain(



uselessly)

< br>徒劳



be in the way(



obstructive)


碍事,阻碍



by way of(



by going through)


经由,取道



by the way(



in addition)


顺带地


(


转移话题


)


in no way


无论怎样也不……



in a way


从某种程度上说



against ones will


违心地,违背意愿地



in a word


总之;



in other words


换言之;



have a word with sb.


谈一谈;



have words with sb.


争吵;



hav the last word


有决定权



xx


年珠海成人高考英语是这样考过的。。。




一、选择题解题技巧




做单项选择题时要注意以下几个方面:



1


、先易后难:一些考题的答案比较容易选定,可以先从 这些考题


入手。


平时练习时,


应以基础 为主,


主要精力不应放在偏题、


怪题上。



2


、分析考察意图、运用相关知识:学会分析出题 者考察的意图,


明确相关题的测试点是什么,然后运用所学知识进行分析、判断,再


进行选择。



3

< br>、利用暗示进行选择:注意考题设计的语境范围。平时应注重对


习惯用语表达、惯 用法和中英文化差别等方面知识的积累。



4


、运用排除法:可采取语言排除、逻辑排除、语法排除或选择排


除等方法 。先排除较容易、较明显的错误选项,缩小范围,而后对剩


余的选项进行比较分析,最后 确定答案。




二、完形填空解题技巧



1


、搭配判断法



< p>
根据对以往试题的分析,搭配型考题在完形填空题中占的比例最


高。


搭配型问题主要测试常见搭配的熟练程度,


比如说哪些词要搭配

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-


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