年会主题词-为学原文

部编五年级【英语】小学英语阅读理解技巧与训练

（一）、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。

1故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。

这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可以解决，如Write a Letter to Mary,
A Dirty Boy, On the Bus 等

2小学的说明,科普类短文都十分浅显,只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的,如,Time, the Spring
Festival .等,即使文章较长,问题也十分明显，从文中都能找到答案.

同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案.

is very good at school, but he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. He washes
them with water only. He does not use soap(肥皂).

Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know
what you ate for breakfast this morning.”

“What?” Sam looks at his uncle and says.

“Eggs” says his uncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.”

“You are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(前天)!”

( )(1).Who is Sam?

A. He is English. B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher.

( )(2) What’s the Chinese for “dirty”?

A. It’s “ 脏的“. B It’s “干净的” C It’s “坏的 “ D It’s “好的”

( )(3) What’s on Sam’s face and mouth?

A Eggs. B Soap C Water D Bread

( )(4) Which of these is not wrong?

A Sam doesn’t wash his face and hands every day.

B. The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning.

C Sam doesn’t like eggs at all.

D. Sam doesn’t know his uncle.

（二）、解题时有以下几种方法：

（1）略读法：关键是在 能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息
以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的 问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明
文章主题或作者意图，而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重 述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文
章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的 中心思想，文章的
主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。

（2）查阅法：考生可以不 需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后
加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体 的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什
么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。

（3）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释
法。

（4）判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该意识到该题是一< br>个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合文章主
旨和作者 意图的最佳答案。

（三）、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些？

１、弄清文章体裁，快速理解文章。对不同体裁的文章，要根据其体裁特点，运用不同的
方法快速阅读，正确理解。记叙文一开始交待人物、时间、地点、事件，然后详细叙述原
因。议论文中， 作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得出结论。说明文中，作者先
提出说明对象，然后从时间、空 间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。

２、仔细研读首尾句，预测文中细节。小学升学 考试英语文章往往隐去了标题，这给抓文
章中心带来了困难。然而，英语的写作特点一般是按总-分-总 这一思路来写的。因此，研
读首、尾句，不但可以帮助考生抓住文章的内容，还可以揣测作者的态度、意 图，从而进
一步猜出作者着重要写的细节。

３、略读选答，带问阅读。做英语阅读理 解题时，首先应浏览一遍所提问题及选项，然后
带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。

４、联系生活常识，及早排除错误选项。阅读理解中四个选项，有时有一个或两个与常识
或其他 学科中所学的知识不相符。我们可先将其排队在阅读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就
容易多了。

5、解题前要仔细通读全文，遇到难解的词组和句子不要急躁，尽量根据上下文悟出其义，
解题 时要带着问题读查短文分析判断，整题解完后要认真复查。

6、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯 。有的考生先看题目后看文章，有的先看文章再看题目，
你平时怎么练，考试就怎么做。临时改变自己的 习惯效果往往不好。其次，看清楚题目是
概括中心型还是推理判断性。概括某一段的中心时注意这一段的 首句和尾句；推理判断题
要注意题目问的是作者的态度，不是你的态度。

（四）、判断正误。

对于阅读试题中的判断正误题，相对比较简单，但学生的出错率 仍然较大，究其原因，学
生不懂判断的方法，通常是读完试题之后，凭着自己对阅读文章的大致印象判断 。事实上
判断试题与选择、填空的做题方法基本一致，仍需找出试题中的关键词，带着关键词，在
文中寻找所需信息，然后仔细判断是否与文中信息一致，如一致则正确，，反之错误。试
题：Mary is sick, Mother takes her to the doctor. 首先在试题中寻找关键词：Mary，sick,
Mother，doctor.带着这些关键词，在 文章中寻找。由于这是阅读文章的第一个试题，所以
我们将答案定位于文章的首段，文中：Mother says: “Mary, Let’s go to the doctor for a check.”
“Doctor?” says Mary, “I’m not sick, Why do I need to see the doctor?”此题与文中not sick信息
不一致，所以不正确。最后一题：The doctor gives Mary a shot, It does not hurt at all.由于是
最后一题，信息基本在文章的 末断，我们只需将信息定位于文章的末断或上一试题信息之
后，同样带着关键词shot寻找。文中 Mary takes a shot, It does not hurt much.试题中：not
hurt at all与 not hurt much不相符，所以错误。

二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解根据短文内容选择合适的选项

A farmer is walking in the forest. He is very tired. So he has a nap under a tree. One of his shoes
is beside him. A monkey is picking up his shoe and climbing up the tree. The farmer wakes up, he
is shouting, 模仿)the farmer.
The farmer thinks, and then he has an idea. He is taking off his another shoe and throwing it away.
What's the monkey doing? Yes! He is throwing the shoe, too. Now the farmer is picking up his
two shoes quickly. He is laughing and singing,
What a funny monkey!

（1）The farmer is sleeping. One of his shoes is ______________.

A. in his hand B. beside him

（2）The farmer is sleeping. The monkey is ______________.

A. taking away his shoe B. sleeping

（3）The farmer is shouting. The monkey is ______________.

A. drinking B. shouting

（4）The farmer is throwing away his shoe. The monkey is ________.

A. laughing B. throwing away the shoe

（5）Is the monkey clever?

A. No, it isn't. B. Yes, it is

【答案】 （1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】 【分析】大意：短文讲述了一个农民正在森林里散步，很累，在树下打了个盹，
他把一只鞋放在旁边。一 只猴子捡走了鞋子，农夫醒了大喊，猴子也在叫喊，农民脱下另
一只鞋并扔掉，猴子也扔鞋子。农民很快 就把他的两只鞋捡起来了。

（1）根据 So he has a nap under a tree. One of his shoes is beside him. 可知农夫正在睡觉。他
的一只鞋在他旁边。故答案为B.

（2）根据 A monkey is picking up his shoe and climbing up the tree. 可知农夫正在睡觉。猴子
正在拿走他的鞋子。故答案为A.

（3）根据 The farmer wakes up, he is shouting,
too. 可知农夫在喊。猴子在喊。故答案为B.

（4）根据 He is taking off his another shoe and throwing it away. What's the monkey doing? Yes!
He is throwing the shoe, too. 可知农夫正在扔掉他的鞋子。猴子正在扔掉鞋子。故答案为B.

（5）句意：孩子聪明吗？根据 What a naughty monkey! What a silly monkey! What a funny
monkey! 可知是否定回答。故答案为A.

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意； 其次阅读题干，根据题干信息

找出相关句进行选择。




3．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误

Tomorrow is Mother's Day. What will children do on Mother's Day?

Ben and Jim are brothers. Their mother likes flowers very much. So they want to buy some
flowers for their mother. They will put their money together and buy some pink carnations(康乃
馨).

Lily is going to make cards for her mother and her two grandmothers. She needs some nice
paper and some crayons. She can make beautiful cards.

John will paint a picture for his mother. He will paint sixteen tulips(郁金香) ,sixteen roses and
sixteen lilies(百合花). The sum(总和) of all the flowers is his mother's age.

What will you do for your mother?

（1）Tomorrow is Mother's Day.

（2）Ben and Jim will buy some tulips for their mother.

（3）Lily is going to make cards for her mother and her aunt.

（4）John will paint a picture for his mother.

（5）John's mother is 36.

【答案】 （1）1

（2）0

（3）0

（4）1

（5）0

【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了在母亲节前夕，孩子们将为自己的母亲买或做什么礼物。

（1）句意：明天是母亲节。根据 Tomorrow is Mother's Day. ，可知明天是母亲节，故答案
为正确。

（2）句意：本和吉姆将为他们的母亲买一些郁金香。根据 They will put their money
together and buy some pink carnations. 可知本和吉姆将为他们的母亲买一些康乃馨 ，故答案
为错误。

（3）句意：莉莉打算给她母亲和姑妈做卡片。根据 Lily is going to make cards for her
mother and her two grandmothers. 可知莉莉打算为她母亲和她的两个祖母制作卡片，故答案
为错误。

（4）句意：约翰将为他母亲画一幅画。根据 John will paint a picture for his mother. 可知约
翰将为他母亲画一幅画，故答案为正确。

（5） 句意：约翰的母亲36岁。根据短文内容，可知没有提到约翰的母亲年龄，故答案为
错误。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

4．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误

Last year, we went to Beijing. We went to Tian'anmen Square. It is very big. Then, we went to
the Great Wall. The Great Wall is over 2,000 years old. We also went to the Palace Museum. It's
the largest museum in China. We had a good time. We want to go there again.

（1）We went to Beijing last week.

（2）We went to the Great Wall first.

（3）Tian'anmen Square is in Beijing.)

（4）The Palace Museum is the largest museum in China.

（5）We had a good time.

【答案】 （1）0

（2）0

（3）1

（4）1

（5）1

【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了去 年我们去了北京参观了天安门广场，长城和故宫博
物院。

（1）句意：我们上周去了北京。根据 Last year, we went to Beijing. 可知去年我们去了北
京，故答案为错误。

（2）句意：我们先去了长城。根据 We went to Tian'anmen Square. Then, we went to the
Great Wall. 可知我们先去了天安门广场，故答案为错误。

（3）句意：天安门广场在北京。根据 Last year, we went to Beijing. We went to Tian'anmen
Square. 可知天安门广场在北京，故答案为正确。

（4）句意：故宫博物院是中国最大的博物馆。根据 We also went to the Palace Museum. It's
the largest museum in China. 可知故宫博物院是中国最大的博物馆，故答案为正确。

（5）句意：我们玩得很开心。根据 We had a good time. 可知我们玩得很开心，故答案为正
确。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。




5．阅读理解根据表格中所提供的信息，判断句子正误。

Things

fruit

fish

meat

milk

vegetables

books

Shelf

A

B

C

D

E

F


√










√



√

√

√







√

√


√

√



√



（1）Fruit, fish and vegetables are on Shelf B.

（2）Books are on Shelf A.

（3）Fish is on Shelf C, but vegetables aren't on Shelf C.

（4）Fruit and fish are on Shelf D, but meat is on Shelf E.

（5）Milk and vegetables are on Shelf F.

【答案】（1）0

（2）1

（3）0

（4）1

（5）1

【解析】【分析】大意：描述A到F架子上摆放的食物和物品。

（1）句意是水果， 鱼肉和蔬菜摆放在B架上。根据表格B行√提示内容可知，只有鱼肉
fish和水果fruit在B架上 。故选错误。

（2）句意是书本在A架上。根据表格A行√内容可知，书本确实在A架上。故选正确。
（3）句意是鱼肉在C架上，但是蔬菜没在C架上。根据表格C行√内容可知，只有蔬菜在
C架上。 鱼肉没在C架上。故选错误。

（4）句意是水果和鱼肉在D架上，但是肉摆放在E架上。根据 表格D行和E行√可知，事
实确实如此。故选正确。

（5）句意是牛奶和蔬菜在F架 上。根据表格F行√可知，牛奶和蔬菜确实摆放在F架上。
故选正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解。注意根据表格提示信息进行题意的判断。


6．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误。

Look, this is my family photo. The old man in a black hat is my grandpa. He is old. The man in
a blue coat is my father. He is tall and strong. The man in a red sweater is my uncle. He is short
and strong. My mother is in a pair of red shoes. She looks beautiful. The woman in a yellow dress
is my aunt. She looks beautiful, too. I am in an orange T-shirt. I love my family.

（1）There are 6 people in my family.

（2）My father and my uncle are both tall and strong.

（3）My uncle wears a green sweater.

（4）The woman in a pair of red shoes is my mother.

（5）The woman in a yellow dress is my sister.

【答案】 （1）1

（2）0

（3）0

（4）1

（5）0

【解析】【分析】大意：短文介绍了我的全家福照片里面的家人。

（1）句意：我家有6口人。根据短文可知我家有6口人。故答案为正确。

（2）句意：我父亲和我叔叔都很高很壮。根据 The man in a blue coat is my father. He is tall
and strong. The man in a red sweater is my uncle. He is short and strong. 可知父亲又高又壮；叔

叔又矮又壮。故答案为错误。

（3）句意：我叔叔穿着一件绿色的毛衣。根据 The man in a red sweater is my uncle. 可知穿
红色毛衣的那个人是我叔叔。故答案为错误。

（4）句意：穿一双红鞋子的女人是我妈妈。根据 My mother is in a pair of red shoes. 可知妈
妈穿着一双红鞋子。故答案为正确。

（5）句意：那个穿黄裙子的女人是我妹妹。根据 The woman in a yellow dress is my aunt.
可知穿黄裙子的那个女人是我姑妈。故答案为错误。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。