四：非谓语+阅读指导(猜测词义题)
余年寄山水
871次浏览
2021年01月29日 22:59
最佳经验
本文由作者推荐
表态发言稿-励志名言警句
2020
届暨阳高三英语网课四：非谓语
+
阅读指导（猜测词义题）
一、单项填空（每题
3
分；共
90
分）
1.
I
quickly
lowered
myself,
ducking
my
head
to avoid
looking directly
into
his
eyes
so
that he
wouldn't
feel
________.
A. challenged
B. challenging
C. to be challenged
D. having challenged
g
that
he
was
wanted
on
the
phone,
he
put
down
his
pen,
and
_______
his
keys,
ran
towards
the
telephone booth.
A. picked up
B. picking up
C. had picked up
D. to pick up
3. A database of Europe-wide population of 340 bird species _______, researches drew a conclusion that some
36% of European migratory bird species were in decline.
A. analyzed
B. had been analyzed
C. having been analyzed D. to be analyzed
girl is so grateful whenever she remembers my brother and me ____ her from the icy water.
have saved
save
is
on
quantity
of
growth
overlooked
gaps
in
the
quality,
_____
many
aspects
of
the
social
services
neglected.
left
be leaving
have left
g
6. ---Why have you been rushed off your feet recently?
---Two team members ________, we have had to take over their work.
A. being sent away
B. to be sent away
C. having sent away
D. having been sent away
7. The old man looked up towards the moon and seemed, judging from his facial expression, _____ of his family.
A. to think
B. thinking
C. to have thought
D. to be thinking
8. Abraham set himself up in front of his daughter, hands ______ her hair, and was close to tears, reluctant to tear
himself from her.
toy with
B. toyed with
C. toying with
D. being toyed with
art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message______within the work.
hide
hidden
10.--- What did the two countries want to avoid as cooperative partners rather than enemies?
---______
the mistakes happening in history.
repeat
B. Having repeated
C. Repeating
D. To have repeated
11. ______ its tests successfully, the driver-less car will appear on the market soon.
A. Undergoing
B. Undergone
C. To undergo
D. Having undergone
12. Constantly ______ to fight against your natural body clock can have negative effects on your mental health.
A. have
B. having
C. had
D. to have
13. British Airways pilots began a two-day strike, _____________ on September 9th and 10th.
A. having caused nearly all flights to be cancelled
B. causing nearly all flights being cancelled
C. resulted in nearly all flights being cancelled
D. leading to nearly all flights being cancelled
to their annoyance, their car ______engine trouble, the young couple had to put up at a roadside rest
area for the night.
ped
developed
developed
develop
15.A wise mother will never get herself into the state of her children ______ to the slightest possibility of danger.
A. exposed
B. being exposed
C. exposing
D. to be exposed
16.
_____
to
a pension
and
free
medical
care,
senior
citizens
in
our
village
are
properly
looked
after
and
live
happy lives.
A. Entitling
B. Being entitled
C. Entitled
D. Having entitled
17. In Lebanon, they say, a 50% increase in the price of cigarettes would result in ______ many people ______
smoking in poorer households as wealthy families.
A. as twice; quitting
B. twice as; to quit
C. as twice; to quit
D. twice as; quitting
18. We completed one third of the project,and the loan_____ in place, we had to delay the rest till the next month.
A. not arranged
B. was not arranged
C. not arranging
D. had not been arranged
have applied for the patent for our new type of cell phones we hope to see _____around the world,
A. to promote
B. promoting
C. promoted
D. to be promoted
20
. “If,
d,
give
C.I was given
be given
21. It has been repaired and has had extensions added many times, most of them _____ times of war and disaster.
A. Followed
B. being followed
C. following
D. having followed
22.________ to ________ the nature reserve, the local people prevented the construction workers
from entering
their villages.
A. Opposed; developing
B. Opposing; developing
C. Opposing; develop
D. Opposed; develop
recognition technology is working well at tourist attractions around China,_____the time people spend
standing in lines at entries or security checks.
1
reduce
B. reduced
C. having reduced
D. reducing
24. We will remain ______ to the path of peaceful development and shoulder more international responsibilities.
ting
B. committed
C. to have committed
D. to be committed
25. The professor _______ to at the meeting is a household name in the UK.
A. refer
B. referring
C. referred
D. to refer
26.
—
What should we avoid when we work out in summer?
—
_______when the temperature is over 32
℃
.
run
g
run
have run
27. Hard as the answer might be ________, the iPhone in your pocket uses more electricity than the refrigerator
in your kitchen.
A. believing
B. believed
C. to believe
D. to be believed
28.________ the concert to raise money for hunger relief and to make the public aware of the problem, Geldof
invited many famous musicians to take part in it.
A. Intended
B. Intending
C. Having intended
D. To intend
29.
Difficult
as
rumours
on
Microblog,
or
Weibo,
are
______,
the
authorities
will
step
up
supervision
so
that
people will not be easily misled.
A. preventing
B. to prevent
C. to be prevented
D. being prevented
30.I raised objections to the proposal at the conference, but now I would rather_______ that.
A. do
B. not do
C. have done
D. not have done
二：阅读理解指导
——
猜测 词义题（每题
2
分；共
12
分）
猜测词义是阅读理解必考 题型，
该题要求对文章中的某个生词、
短语甚至句子或者一个指示代词等找
出其近义词 或最合适的解释。
该题型的题干中一般都会给出词语在文章中的出处，
我们只要找到原文对应< br>的词及其上下文，就能够推断出该词语的意思。
◇
相应策略：
(1)
根据上下文猜词必须明确两点：不管这个词有多么超纲 ，根据上下文能得出其意义；不管这个词多么
熟悉，都要通过上下文得出它在特定场合下的意思，要避免 直接用自己熟悉的意义去解释。
(2)
猜测生僻词的词义
,
我们可以用以下几种方法去猜测其含义：
①运用构词法，即根据词根、前缀后缀的意义推测词的含义；
②同义解释法：注意
that is (to say ), in other words, or, namely, that means, such as, for example
等过渡词引
出的同义解释；或利用破折号、同位语、定语从句等进行的解释或下定义；
③前后对比法：
根据反义词或反义关系进行猜测。
注意
but,
however, not…but, on the other hand ,rather than,
on the contrary, although, while, yet, unlike, instead of
等表示转折意义的连词，其前后在语意上有着明显的
对比关系，通过这种对比关系的分析，将它的词义推出来；
④找同位词：上下文中可能有与生 词出现的句子类似的平行结构，找出处于同一位置的词去推测；
If you choose to find the positive in every situation, you will be blessed, and if you choose to find awful, you
will be cursed.
(3)
指示代词所指代的名词通常在本句或其上句之中，通常单数
it, one, this
代词指代单数名词，复数代词
they, them, those
指代复数名词。
(4)
利用语法和逻辑：有时根据上下文提代 的线索或者其他方法，仍然不能得到唯一答案，就可以利用语
法和逻辑方面的规则来判断，符合语法和逻 辑规则的可能为正确答案，反之则不是正确答案。
A
Parents are often amazed at how fast their child grows and develops. New research has determined that the
ability to quantify may develop much sooner than most parents realize.
Kristy
vanMarle,
professor
of
the
University
of
Missouri,
has
determined
that
contrary
to
what
previous
studies have shown, infants
（婴儿）
are able to quantify substances
（物质）
—
like sand or water
—
as early as 10
months.
As
long
as
the
difference
between
the
two
substances
is
large
enough,
infants
will
choose
the
larger
amount, especially when it comes to food.
With the assistance of her team researchers, vanMarle tested the quantifying skills of babies by presenting
them with two cups: one containing a small amount of food, and one containing a larger amount. Consistently, the
babies chose the larger amount.
“Several
studies
throughout
the
last
15
years
have
shown
that
infants
are
very
good
at
telling
how
many
objects they see; however, infants don’t seem to count things like water or sand,” vanMarle
said. “What we’re
saying is that they can quantify
substances; it’s just much harder. The infants can see how much food goes into
each cup and compare that in their memories. They decide which amount is larger, and they almost always select
the larger one
.”
This information further refutes
（
驳斥）
the long-
held idea that babies “know nothing of the world,” vanMarle
said.
“Since psychologists have begun studying infants with sensitive measures, we’ve discovered a lot of early
abilities.
I
think
for
parents,
it
should
be
exciting
to
know
that
there’s
somebody
in
there
that
has
some
fundamental and basic knowledge of the world, and that knowledge is guiding their development,” vanMarle said.
2