不定式的特殊用法小结
玛丽莲梦兔
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2021年01月31日 23:25
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解药歌词-莫甘娜符文
不定时的用法
to do
的其它用法：
1.
时态和语态形式
to
do/to
be
done/to
be
doing/to
have
done/to
have
been
done/to
have
been doing
(1)
一般式表动作通常与谓语动词所表动作同时或在其后发生
;
进行式表动作与谓语动作 同
时
进
行
；
完
成
式
表
动
作
发
生
在
谓
语
动
作
之
前
;
pretend
/
believe
/say/seem/happen/prove/plan/hope/expect/should like/would like + to have done
表未曾实现
的行为
;
完成进行式表动作在谓语动作之前已开始并一直进行着 ，到说话时为止，该动
作可能停止，也可能还在继续。
People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
The children pretended to be reading aloud when the teacher came in.
I didn’t expect you to be waiting for me so
long.
The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported to have broken. the
world record in the 110- metre hurdle race.
He’s said to have written a new novel.
I would like to have had your help.
I hoped to have seen her .
He planned to have gone abroad.
He was said to have been living in New York for twenty years.
(1)
主动式表逻辑主语为不定式动作的执行者；
被动式表逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者。
I hope to finish reading the book tonight.
We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.
2.
to do
的主动表被动
(1)
to do
作定语与被修饰词构成动宾关系，同时又和句子主语构成主谓关系。
I have a lot of papers to deal with.
(2)
be +
性质
adj. + to do .
easy/hard/diff icult/interesting/heave/pleasant/comfortable/safe/ dangerous/impossible
Tom is pleasant to work with.
This book is difficult to understand.
I like getting up very early in summer.
The morning air is so good to breathe.
(2)
be + let /blame/ seek
It seemed that water was to blame.
The cause isn’t far to seek.
The house is to let.
(3)
wh- + to do
I had no idea who to turn to for help the time I lost.
How to divide labor among them is still a question.
(5)
there be +
主语
+ to do
中，当强调某人完成某事时用主动形式；当强调某事必须被完
成用被动形式。
There’s many work to do. (sb. has to do the work. )/ to be done.(the work has to be done.)
3.
to do
的逻辑主语是其所表动作的承受者时用被动。
It’ an honor for me to be invited to the party.
The books and mag
azines aren’t allowed to be taken out of the reading room.
I wanted the letter to be typed at once
She asked to be assigned to do a heavy job.
4.
如果逻辑主语没出现，只要意义是被动的，
to do
仍用被动。
It’s great honor to be elected a delegate to the Party.
To be attacke
d by the enemy isn’t a bad thing but a good thing.
5.
to do
中动词的省略，只保留
to .
(1)
to do
作某些动词的宾语时：当作宾语的不定式再次出现时，为避免重复，只留
to.
afford/ agree/ expect/ forget/ hate/ hope/ intend/ mean/ plan/ prefer/ refuse/ try/ want/ wish/
would like/ love/ care