巧记_动词不定式和动名词做宾语
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2021年01月31日 23:35
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巧记跟不定式和动名词做宾语的动词用法
语法体现语言的规律
,
学 好英语离不开语法学习。
其中，
动词的用法是重点，
也是难点。
对于谓语动词 和非谓语动词的用法，
学生普遍感到困难。
学生感到
50
多个动词，
用法难以掌握，
但调整了书上表格中单词的排列顺序，
根据汉意编写
顺口溜会方便记忆 ：
（一）
跟不定时作宾语的动词有：
打算
(inten d)
计划
(plan)
和期盼
(expect/desire)
假装
(pretend)
喜欢
(would like/love/prefer)
表祝愿
(wish)
决定
( decide)
同意
(agree)
来帮助
(help)
设法
(manage)
说服
(persuade)
不拒绝
(refu se)
好像
(seem/appear)
答应
(promise)
做努力
(attempt)
选择
(choose)
询问< br>(ask)
多学习
(learn)
告诉
(tell)
失败
(fail)
也付得起
(afford)
不定式宾语要牢记
！
（二）
跟动名词作宾语的动词有：
考虑（
consider
）完成（
finish
）多练习（
practise
）
避免（
avoid
）冒险（
risk
）求建议（
suggest/r ecoomend
）
面对（
face
）喜欢（
enjoy /appreciate
）和介意
(mind)
允许（
allow
）承认（
admit/permit
）或放弃
(give up/abandon)
推迟
（
put
off/delay/p ostphone
）
逃避
（
escape
）
不原谅
（
excuse/pardon
）
提及（
mention
）坚持
(keep/insist on
）要想象（
imagine/fancy
）
还有词组
feel like
和
can’t stand！
瞧！
，我们就这样快快乐乐地记住了吧！
（三）
在动词
remember,
try,
regret,
forget,
need/want/require
，
stop, < br>mean
等后跟动名词
V-
和不定式意义不同，巧记一句话（记住努力；后悔忘 记；需要
停止；很有意义）
，学习采用对比法：
remember to do something
记着去做某事（现在还没有做）
remember doing something
记着曾做过某事（以前做过某事）
try to do something
努力、尽力做某事
try doing something
试着做某事（看能否达到预期的结果）
stop to do something
开始做某事（停下正在做的事，开始做另一事）
stop doing something
停止做某事（停止正在做的事）
regret to do something
对将来做的事感到遗憾、惋惜
regret doing something
对已经做过的事感到后悔
1
mean to do something
打算
,
想，意图„
mean doing something
意味着
want/require/need to be done
某事需要做
want/require/need
doing
某事需要做
(
这时动名词和主语之间有动宾关系，
如
: The room needs cleaning/needs to be cleaned)
can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing sth.禁不住做某事
（四）
请牢记在下列固定句式中，动词用
V-ing
式：
There is no point arguing further.
再争辩下去没有意义。
It is no good doing that.
那样做没有用。
It is no use telling his father about it.
告诉他父亲那件事没用。
[
小试牛刀
]
1. The boy decided ______in Shanghai, which made his father a little surprised.
A. not to work
B. to not work
C. not working
g not
2.
—
Would you mind ______ the door?
—
Of course not.
A. I opening
B. me to open
C. for me to open
D. my opening
3. As you know, here, missing a bus means ______ for another hour.
A. waiting
B. to wait
C. wait
D. to be waiting
4. She ______ going out for a walk, but I’d rather stay at home watching TV.
A. wanted
B. asked
C. hoped
D. suggested
5. Sorry. We don’t allow ______ here.
A. smoking
B. having smoked
C. to smoke
D. to be smoked
6. In winter, many animals manage ______ without eating for many months.
A. to live
B. to have lived
C. having lived
D. living
7. My father insisted _____ although we were very tired.
A. walk home
B. to walk home
C. on walking home
D. in walking home
8
．
After he had worked several hours, he stopped _____ a cup of coffee to refresh himself
．
A
．
to drink
B
．
drinking
C
．
drink
D
．
drank
9
．
Although swimming is his favorite sport, yet he doesn’t like _____ today
．
A
．
to swim
B
．
swimming
C
．
swim
D
．
to have swim
10
．
I regret _____ you that the sports meet has been put off
．
A
．
telling
B
．
to tell
C
．
tell
D
．
told
11
．
She desires not _____ for an hour
．
A
．
disturb
B
．
to be disturb
C
．
to be disturbed
D
．
to have disturbed
2
(
五
)
、
不定式省略
to
的几种情况
一、使役动词与
to
的省略
当不定式用于
let, make, have
等使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式必须省略
to
。
如：
Let me have another cup of tea.
给我再来一杯茶。
She had him dig away the snow.
她让他把雪挖走。
They made him tell them everything.
他们强迫他把一切全告诉他们。
但是，
当使役动词 用于被动语态时，其后的不定式则必须要带
to
。
如：
他被迫一天工作
20
小时。
误：
He was made work twenty hours a day.
正：
He was made to work twenty hours a day.
注意，表示使役意义的
let
和
have
很少用于被动语态。
另外注意，
force,
oblige
等虽然也表示
“
使
”
，但它们后用作宾语补足语的不 定式必须带
to
。
如：
They forced her to sign the paper.
他们强迫她在文件上签字。
The law obliged parents to send their children to school.
法律要求父母送子女上学。
二、感觉动词与
to
的省略
当不定式用于表示感觉的动词
feel, hear, notice, observe, see, watch, look at, listen to
等作
宾语补足语时，不定式必须省略
to
。
如：
We all felt the house shake.
我们都感觉这房子在震动。
I heard him go down the stairs.
我听见他下楼了。
Did you notice her leave the house?
她离开屋子你注意到了吗
?
I watched her get into the car.
我看着她上了车。
但是，
当
feel
后用作宾语补足语的不定式为
to be
时，则不能省略
to
。
如：
They all felt the plan to be unwise.
他们都认为这个计划不明智。
< br>注意，
当这些动词变为被动语态时，不定式前的
to
不能省略。
如：< br>
They were heard to break a glass in the next door.
听见他们在隔壁打破了一个玻璃杯子。
另外，若用作宾语补足语的不定式为完成式，则通常应带
to
。如：
I noticed her to have come early.
我注意到她来得很早。
三、介词
except / but
与
to
的省略
当不定式用作介词
except
或
except
的宾语时，该不定式有时带< br>
to
，有时不带
to
，情形
比较复杂，大致原则 是：其前有
do
，不定式不带
to
；其前没有
do
，不定式通常带
to
。
如：
He likes nothing except to watch TV
.
除了看电视外，他什么都不喜欢。
It had no effect except to make him angry.
除惹他生气外，没产生任何效果。
There’s little we can do except wait.
除了等待我们没有什么办法。
I could do nothing except agree.
我除了同意，没有别的办法。
四、
help
与
to
的省略
当动词
help
后跟一个不定式用作宾语或宾语补足语时，不定 式可以不带
to
，也可以不
带
to
。
如：
Can you help (to) carry this table upstairs?
你能帮忙把桌子搬到楼上去吗
?
I have lost my watch. Will you help me (to) look for it?
我把表丢了，你能不能帮我找一下
?
3