动词不定式培优练习
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2021年01月31日 23:37
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熏鲅鱼的做法-南芦参
高二英语第五次培优材料学生版
Grammar Presentation---
动词不定式
一、不定式的句法功能
●
不定式作主语
To learn
a foreign language is not easy.
学习外语不是一件容易的事。
◎
不定式短语作主语时，常用
it
作形式主语来代替它的位置，而将真正的
主语（不定式 短语）移到谓语之后
It
’
s a great honor
to be invited
to Mary
’
s birthday party.
很荣幸被邀请参
加玛丽的生日聚会。
●
不定式作宾语
◎
作动词宾语
◇
下列动词常接不定式作宾语，
如：
agree, arrange, ask, beg, choose, dare,
decide,
demand,expect,
fail,
fear,
hope,
manage,
offer,
plan,
prepare,
pretend, promise,
They
hope
to
find
new
resources
for
mankind.
他们希望为人类找到
新资源。
◇
如果不定式作宾语且有自己的补语，常用“
it
”作形式宾语， 而把真
正的宾语放在后面。
下列动词常用
it
作形式宾语，如：
believe, consider, feel, find, know,
make
I know it impossible
to finish
so much homework in one day.
我知道在一天中完成这么多的作业是不可能的。
●
不定式作表语
◎
不定式作表语时，一般紧跟在系动词后，说明主语的内容
The first step is
to check
the victim
’
s breathing.
第一步是检查受害人的呼吸。
●
不定式作补语
I
’
d like the problem
to be discussed
at the next meeting.
我希望这个问题
在下一次会上讨论。
●
不定式作定语
The students have a lot of homework
to do
every day.
学生们每天都有很
多家庭作业要做。
●
不定式作状语
不定式可以作原因状语、结果状语、目的状语以及方式状语
不定式在下列句式中作目的状语：
so as to do, in order to do
In order
to ensure
your hair looks its best, pay attention to what you eat.
为了保证你的头发是最佳状态，请注意你的饮食。
二：不定式考点归纳：
考点
1
：不定式的时态和语态：
1.
---Is Bob still performing?
1
---I
’
m afraid not. He is said ____the stage already as he has become an official.
A. to have left
B. to leave
C. to have been left
D. to be left
2.
The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ____ the film stars had left.
A. to tell
B. to be told
C. telling
D. told
考点
2
：不定式的功能：
不定式具有名词的特征，可以作主语或宾语（例
5
）
，具< br>有形容词的特征，可以作表语、定语或补足语（例
4
）
；具有副词的特征，在句
子中可以作状语（例
3
）
。
3.
It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just ____
a look at the sports stars.
（
2005
上海卷）
A. had
B. having
C. to have
D. have
4.
I
don
’
t
want
_____
like
I
’
m
speaking
ill
of
anybody,
but
the
manager
’
s
plan
is
unfair.
A. to sound
B. to be sounded
C. sounding
D. to have sounded
5.
In
fact
____
is
a
hard
job
for
the
police
to
keep
order
in
an
important
football
match.
A. this
B. that
C. there
D. it
考点
3
：不定式的省略：分为两种：一种是不定式符号“”后面 省略实义动词的
形式（见考例
6
）
；另一种则是对不定式符号“”的省略（见 例
7
）
。
6.
The
boy
wanted
to
ride
his
bicycle
in
the
street
but
his
mother
told
him_______.(NMET2005)
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not
7.
Paul
doesn’t
have to be made ____. He always works hard. (NMET2005)
A. learn
B. to learn
C. learned
D. learning
考点
4
：不定式的否定形式
动 词不定式的否定形式是在不定式符号“”
前面直接加上，
有进为了强调也可以
用否定词 来否定（见考例
8
、
9
）
8.
The
purpose
of
new
technologies
is
to
make
life
easier,
_____
it
more
difficult.(NMET1999)
A. not make
B. not to make
C. not making
D. do not make
9.
The teacher asked us ____ so much noise.(2003
北京卷
)
A. don
’
t make
B. not make
C. not making
D. not to make
考点
5
：不定式的搭配形式：< br>不定式常常独立存在的，如果强调其所表动作的时
间、地点、内容、方式等时，可出现“疑问+
不定式”的结构；强调动词不定式
所表动作的使用工具、范围等时应使用“不定式
+
介词”的结构（见考例
10
）
。
10.
It
is
said
in
Australia
there
is
more
land
than
the
government
knows______.
（
NMET2002
）
A. it what to do with
B. What to do it with
C. what to do with it
D. to do what with it
Focused Practice (1)---
不定式
Ⅰ
．基础巩固
用动词的适当形式填空
1
．
While
she
lived,
her
front
gate
was
always
locked
and
no
one
ever
saw
her
(leave) or saw anybody
(go) in.
thieves happened
(quarrel) about the treasures when the police went
in.
2