直接引语变间接引语的五种方法

玛丽莲梦兔
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2021年02月02日 10:21
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2021年2月2日发(作者:诱狼)
Chaper5
直接引语变间接引语学案

班级

________


姓名
________
1.
直接引语为陈述句时如何变为间接引语

方法是:将直接引语变为由
that
引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后
(that
也可省略
)
:

“I
don’t
love
her.”
he
says.
他说:
“
我不爱她。
”

→He
says
that
he
doesn’t
love
her.
他说他不爱她。

【注意】

(1)
若引述动词用的是
say
to
sb
,则通常改为
tell
sb
:

“It’s
a
secret.”
he
said
to
me.
他对我说:
“
这是秘密。
”

→He
told
me
that
it
was
a
secret.
他对我说那是秘密。


2.
直接引语为一般疑问句时如何变为间接引语

方法是:将直接引语变为由
if
或
whether
引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后:

“Are
you
ill?”
he
asked.
他问:
“
你病了吗?
”

→He
asked

if
[whether]
I
was
ill.
他问我是否病了。

【注意】

(1)
改为宾语从句的间接引语要用陈述句词序。

(2)
若直接引 语引述动词为
say
,改成间接引语应将其改为
ask
等。


3.
直接引语为特殊疑问句时如何变为间接引语

方法是:将 直接引语变为由
“
疑问词
”
引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后:

He
asked,
“When
did
she
leave?”
他问:
“
她什么时候离开的?
”

→He
asked

when
she
had

left.
他问她什么时候离开的。

【注意】

(1)
改为宾语从句的间接引语要用陈述句词序。

(2)
若直接引 语引述动词为
say
,改成间接引语应将其改为
ask
等。


4.
直接引语为祈使句时如何变为间接引语

方法是:使用
ask
[tell,
order]
sb

to
do
sth
这一结构进行转换,若祈使句为否定式,
则用
ask
[tell,
order]
sb
not
to
do
sth
,其中
ask,
tell,
order
的选择视句子的语气而定:

“Come
early
tomorrow,
Jim.”
he
said.
他说:
“
吉姆,明天早点来。
”

→He
told
Jim
to
come
early
the
next
day.
他叫吉姆第二天早点来。

“Don’t
be
late
again,
Mary.”
he
said.
他说:
“
玛丽,不要再迟到了。
”

→He
told
Mary
not
to
be
late
again.
他叫玛丽不要再迟到了。

【注意】

(1)
除动词
ask,
tell,
order
外,有时也可能用其他动词:

“Don’t
go
out
at
night,
Jim.”
he
said.
他说:
“
吉姆,晚上别出去。
”

→He
warned
Jim
not
to
go
out
at
night.
他警告吉姆晚上不要出去。

(2)
若祈使句中没有呼语,应根据句意给动词
ask,
tell,
order
等补上适当的宾语:

“Watch
carefully.”
he
said.
他说:
“
仔细看着。
”

→He
told
us
to
watch
carefully.
他叫我们仔细看着。


时态的呼应:

1.
< br>主句用一般现在时,从句可以用任何一种时态。
(
可根据从句的具体情况决定
)
I
think
he
has
finished
his
homework..
2.

主句用一般过去时,从句一定要用与过去相关的时态。




I
asked
him
whether
he
had
finished

his
homework.
3.

从句部分是客观真理,不管主句是是很么时态,从句用一般现在时。




The
teacher
told
the
students
that
the
earth
turns
around
the
sun..

从句的语序:

无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句的语序都要用陈述句的语序,即,

连接词
+
主句
+
谓语
+
其他

Can
you
tell
me
who
we
have
to
see?
练习题:

1.

Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me _____?
A. where you buy it















B. where do you buy it






C. where you bought it












D. where did you buy it
(



)2. ------Excuse me. Could you tell me ______ I can get to the Space Museum?


------Of course. You can take bus No.1.






A. where




B. how




C. if





D. why
(



)3. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help?





A. how did he mend
















B. what did he mend








C. how he mended

















D. what he mended
(



)4. Do you know where _________ now?





A. he lives





B. does he live






C. he lived






D. did he live
(



)5. Do you know what time _________?





A. the train leave
















B. does the train leave




C. will the train leave













D. the train leaves

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