直接引语变间接引语的五种方法
玛丽莲梦兔
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2021年02月02日 10:21
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直接引语变间接引语学案
班级
________
姓名
________
1.
直接引语为陈述句时如何变为间接引语
方法是:将直接引语变为由
that
引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后
(that
也可省略
)
:
“I
don’t
love
her.”
he
says.
他说:
“
我不爱她。
”
→He
says
that
he
doesn’t
love
her.
他说他不爱她。
【注意】
(1)
若引述动词用的是
say
to
sb
,则通常改为
tell
sb
:
“It’s
a
secret.”
he
said
to
me.
他对我说:
“
这是秘密。
”
→He
told
me
that
it
was
a
secret.
他对我说那是秘密。
2.
直接引语为一般疑问句时如何变为间接引语
方法是:将直接引语变为由
if
或
whether
引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后:
“Are
you
ill?”
he
asked.
他问:
“
你病了吗?
”
→He
asked
if
[whether]
I
was
ill.
他问我是否病了。
【注意】
(1)
改为宾语从句的间接引语要用陈述句词序。
(2)
若直接引 语引述动词为
say
,改成间接引语应将其改为
ask
等。
3.
直接引语为特殊疑问句时如何变为间接引语
方法是:将 直接引语变为由
“
疑问词
”
引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后:
He
asked,
“When
did
she
leave?”
他问:
“
她什么时候离开的?
”
→He
asked
when
she
had
left.
他问她什么时候离开的。
【注意】
(1)
改为宾语从句的间接引语要用陈述句词序。
(2)
若直接引 语引述动词为
say
,改成间接引语应将其改为
ask
等。
4.
直接引语为祈使句时如何变为间接引语
方法是:使用
ask
[tell,
order]
sb
to
do
sth
这一结构进行转换,若祈使句为否定式,
则用
ask
[tell,
order]
sb
not
to
do
sth
,其中
ask,
tell,
order
的选择视句子的语气而定:
“Come
early
tomorrow,
Jim.”
he
said.
他说:
“
吉姆,明天早点来。
”
→He
told
Jim
to
come
early
the
next
day.
他叫吉姆第二天早点来。
“Don’t
be
late
again,
Mary.”
he
said.
他说:
“
玛丽,不要再迟到了。
”
→He
told
Mary
not
to
be
late
again.
他叫玛丽不要再迟到了。
【注意】
(1)
除动词
ask,
tell,
order
外,有时也可能用其他动词:
“Don’t
go
out
at
night,
Jim.”
he
said.
他说:
“
吉姆,晚上别出去。
”
→He
warned
Jim
not
to
go
out
at
night.
他警告吉姆晚上不要出去。
(2)
若祈使句中没有呼语,应根据句意给动词
ask,
tell,
order
等补上适当的宾语:
“Watch
carefully.”
he
said.
他说:
“
仔细看着。
”
→He
told
us
to
watch
carefully.
他叫我们仔细看着。
时态的呼应:
1.
< br>主句用一般现在时,从句可以用任何一种时态。
(
可根据从句的具体情况决定
)
I
think
he
has
finished
his
homework..
2.
主句用一般过去时,从句一定要用与过去相关的时态。
I
asked
him
whether
he
had
finished
his
homework.
3.
从句部分是客观真理,不管主句是是很么时态,从句用一般现在时。
The
teacher
told
the
students
that
the
earth
turns
around
the
sun..
从句的语序:
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句的语序都要用陈述句的语序,即,
连接词
+
主句
+
谓语
+
其他
Can
you
tell
me
who
we
have
to
see?
练习题:
1.
Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me _____?
A. where you buy it
B. where do you buy it
C. where you bought it
D. where did you buy it
(
)2. ------Excuse me. Could you tell me ______ I can get to the Space Museum?
------Of course. You can take bus No.1.
A. where
B. how
C. if
D. why
(
)3. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help?
A. how did he mend
B. what did he mend
C. how he mended
D. what he mended
(
)4. Do you know where _________ now?
A. he lives
B. does he live
C. he lived
D. did he live
(
)5. Do you know what time _________?
A. the train leave
B. does the train leave
C. will the train leave
D. the train leaves