比较级和最高级的专项练习
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中考英语专项讲解
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习题
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答案:形容词副词的比较级和最高级
一、形容词的比较等级和最高等级:
(一)形容词的比较级和最高级的构成
规则变化:
1
p>
.单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成
情况
一般情况
以
e
结尾的词
构成方式
加
-er
或
-est
加
-r
或
-st
原级
new
long
fine
late
比较级
newer
longer
finer
later
earlier
happier
hotter
thinner
fatter
最高级
newest
longest
finest
latest
earliest
happiest
hottest
thinnest
fattest
以
“
辅音
+y”
结尾的词
p>
变
y
为
i
再加
-er
或
-est
early
happy
重读闭音节的词末尾只有
先双写辅音字母,再加
-er
hot
一个辅音字母
或
-est
thin
fat
2
.
多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加
more
< br>或
most
。如:
原级
比较级
最高级
useful
more useful
most useful
difficult
more difficult
most
difficult
delicious
more delicious
most delicious
【重点】
3
.有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化:
原级
good / well
bad / ill
many / much
little
old
far
比较级
better
worse
more
less <
/p>
older
(新旧或年龄)
/elder
(兄
弟姐妹的长幼关系)
最高级
best
worst
most
least
oldest/ eldest
farther
(表示距离,
译为
“
更远<
/p>
”
)
farthest/
furthest
/ further
(表示程度,
译为
“
进一
步的
”
)
(二)
形容词比较级的用法
1
.形容词的比较级可以单独使用:
Be more careful next time.
下次小心点。
Which book is better?
哪本书更好?
2
.也可以和
than
连用,表示
两者相比,
than
后可以跟:
a.
名词或代词:
He is older than me / I .
他年龄比我大。
b.
动名词:
Skiing is more exciting
than skating.
滑雪比滑冰更刺激。
c.
从句:
I was a better singer than he was.
我唱歌比他好。
(三)
形容词比较级的修饰语
修饰形
容词
,
副词比较级的常用修饰词有
:n
o, a little, a bit, much, even, still, a lot, a
great deal, far,
by far, rather,
any
等
.
1)
只用于修饰比较级的:
much;still;even
2)
既可以修饰比较级又可以修饰原级的:
a little; a
bit; rather
等
。
3)
<
/p>
在这些词中
,
其中
no
在修饰比较级时
,
在意义上否定
两者
,
表示前者在某方面不比后者强多少
.
He is no richer than Peter.
他不比彼得富裕多少
.=He is as poor as
Peter.
他和彼得一样穷
.
表示前者比后者强一点时
,
通常采用
a little,a
bit
等
.
The room is a
bit larger than that
one.
这个房间比那个稍大一点
.
4)
表示前者比后者强很多时
,
通常采用
much,even,still
等
.(still
修饰形容词
,
副词的比较级时
,
可
以位于
比较级之前或之后
.)
He works still
harder than ever. =He works harder still than
ever.
他比以往更加努力学习了
.
5)
表示前者在某方面远远地超过对
方时
,
通常采用
far,by
far,a lot,a great deal
等
.
Matters are a lot better than ever
before.
情况远远比以往好
.
6)
在否定句
,
疑问句或条件状语从句中
,
修饰形
容词
,
副词的比较级
,
只能用
any
来修饰
.
He
can't jump any higher.
他不能跳得更高了
.
Can he jump any
higher?
他能跳得更高一些吗
?
Do
you feel any better today?
你今天感觉好一点了吗?
If you can jump
any higher, I will give you a prize.
如果你
能跳得更高些
,
我就奖励你
.
7)
比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词:
My sister is ten years
younger than me.
我妹妹比我小十岁。
【难点】
(四)形容词比较级的特殊用法
1<
/p>
.和
more
有关的词组
:
1)
the more…the
more…
越
……
< br>就越
……
。例如:
The harder you
work
,
the greater progress
you'll make.
越努力,进步越大。
2)
no more than
与
…
一样。例如:
The officials could see no
more than the Emperor
.
官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。
3
)
more than
超过,不只是。例如:
There are more than two
thousand people in the hall.
2
.和
le
ss
有关的词组
1) less than
不到
…
不太:
It was ready in
less than a week.
2) no less than
多达
不少于
No less than 2
million people came.
至少来了
2<
/p>
百万人。
3)
more or less
基本上
大体上
大约
The work is
more or less finished.
这项工作基本上完成了。
3
.还有
as +
形容词或副词原级
+
as
1)
A be as...as B
和
..
.
一样
2)
A
be
not …so/as…as
B
。<
/p>
A
和
B
不一样,
A
比不上
B
He cannot run so/as fast as
you.
他没你跑得快。
3)
当
as… as
中间有名词时采用以下格式:
①
as
+
形容词
+ a +
单数名词
/
;
This is as good
an example as the other is.
这个例子和另外一个一样好。
②
as + manymuch +
可
数名词
/
不可数名词。
I
can carry as much paper as you can.
你能搬多少纸,我也能。
3)
表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在
as
的前面。例如:
2
This room is twice as big
as that one.
=This room is two time big as that one.
=This room is
two times bigger than that one.
这房间的面积是那间的两倍。
Your room is the same size as
mine.
你的房间和我的一样大。
(五)
形容词最高级用法
1
.
the +
最高级
+
比较范围
1
)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词
the
,例如:
The Sahara is
the biggest desert in the world.
撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。
[
说明
]
形容词
most
前面没有
the
,不表示最高级的含义,只表示
非常
。例如:
It is a most important problem. =It is
a very important problem.
这是个很重要的问题。
◎
注意
:使
用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。
(错)
Tom is the tallest of his three
brothers.
(对)
Tom is the
tallest of the three brothers.
2
)
下列词可修饰最高级,
by far
,
far
, much, mostly,
almost
。例如:
This hat is
nearly / almost the biggest.
这帽子差不多是最大的了。
◎
注意
:序
数词通常只修饰最高级。例如:
Africa is the
second
largest
continent.
非洲是第二大洲。
3
)
最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如:
Mike is the most intelligent in his
class.
或者:
=Mike is more intelligent
than any other students in his class.
(六)形容词最高级的特殊用法
1.
形容词最高级可用作表语,这时定冠词
the
可以省略。
例句:
I think her
plan is best.
我认为她的计划最好。
2.
形容词最高级还可和
at
构成许多短语作状语,如
at
best, at least, at most
等。
例句:
I’ll be with
you at latest by ten.
我最迟十点钟就来陪你。
【基础练习】
(
) 1 Your room
is _______ than mine.
A. three time big
B.
three times big
C. three times bigger
D. bigger three times
(
) 2 When spring comes, it
gets_______.
A.
warm and warm
B. colder and
colder
C.
warmer and warmer
D. shorter and shorter
(
)3 ______ he read the book,
_______ he got in it.
A. The more; the more
interesting
B.
The less; the more interesting
C. The more;
the more interested
D. More; more interested
(
)4 I like______
one of the two books.
A. the older
B. oldest
C. the oldest
D. older
(
) 5 Which do
you like _______, tea or coffee?
A. well
B.
better
C. best
D. most
(
) 6 This work
is _______ for me than for you.
A. difficult
B. most difficult
C. much difficult
D. more
difficult
(
) 7 Who
jumped_______of all?
A. far
B. farther
C. farthest
D. the most far
(
)
8 Li Lei is_______ student in our class.
A. tall
B.
taller
C. tallest
D. the tallest
(
) 9 Tom is one of _______ boys in our
class.
A.
tallest
B.
taller
C. the
tallest
B. the
tall
(
) 10 English is
one of_______ spoken in the world.
3