英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案).docx
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英语阅读理解专题练习
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．阅读理解
(
及答案
)
The American newspaper has
been around for about three hundred years. In
1721, the printer
James
Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started the
New England Courant, and that was what
we might recognize today as a real
newspaper. He filled his paper with stories of
adventure,
articles on art,
on famous people, and on all sorts of political
subjects.
Three centuries
after the appearance of Franklin's Courant, few
believe that newspapers in their
present printed form will remain alive
for long, Newspaper companies are losing
advertisers, readers,
market value, and
in some cases, their sense of purpose at a speed
that would not have been
imaginable
just several years ago. The chief editor of the
Times said recently,
“A
tplaces where they
gather, editors ask one another, 'How
are you?', as if they have just come out of the
hospital or a lost
law case.
”
An article about the
newspaper appealed on the website of
the
Guardian, under the
headline
“
NOT
DEAD YET.
”
Perhaps not,
but the rise of the Internet, which has made the
daily newspaper look slow and
out of
step with the world, has brought about a real
sense of death, Some American newspapers
have lost 42% of their market value in
the past three years. The New York Times Company
has
seen its stock
（股票）
drop by 54% since the
end of 2004, with much of the loss coming in the
past year. A manager at Deutsche Bank
suggested that stock - holders sell off their
Times stock.
The Washington Post
Company has prevented the trouble only by changing
part of its business to
education; its
testing and test
—
preparation service now brings in at least half
the company's
income,
（
1
）
What can we
learn about the New England Courant?
A. It is mainly about the stock
market.
C. It marks the
beginning of newspapers.
B.
It carries articles by political
leaders.
D. It remains a
successful newspaper in America.
（
2
）
What can we
infer about the newspaper editors?
A. They often accept readers'
suggestions.
C. They stop
doing business with advertisers.
B. They caw a lot about each other's
health.
D. They face great
difficulties in their business.
（
3
）
Which of the
following found a new way for its
development?
A. the
Washington Post.
C. The New
York Tinier.
B. The
Guardian.
D. New England
Courant.
（
4
）
How does the author seem to feel about the future
of newspapers
A.
Satisfied.
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
D
B. Hopeful.
C. Surprised.
”
?
D.
Worried.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国报纸的由来，以及现在面临的挑战和做
出的调整。
(1)
考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“
the printer
James
Franklin,
Benjamin's
older
brother,
started the New England Courant,
and that
was what we might recognize
today as a real
newspaper.
可”知，
James Franklin
创办的
New England Courant
就是我们今天所知的真正的报
纸，也就标志着美国报业的开始，故选
(2)
考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
C
。
“
Newspaper companies are
losing advertisers,
readers,
market
value
可”知，报社正在逐渐失去广告商，读者和市场价
值，以及后面编辑的话
places where they
gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?',
as if they have just come out
of the hospital or a lost law
case.
，编辑们现在见面聊天的时候都会互相问候
“你还好吗
”仿佛
刚出院或输了一场官司，其实
隐含的意思就是因为报纸业的不景气，编辑们现在正面临着
困难，所以这个问候应该是你们报社生意怎么样？故选
D
。
(3)
考查细节理解。根据最后一段可知，找到一种新的发展方式的是
The Washington Post
《华盛顿邮报》。故选
A
。
(4)
考查推理判断。通读全文，作者列举了报业所面临的种种问题
，可以判断作者对此很担
忧。故选
D
。
【点
评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要
准
确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
2
．阅读理解
Should we allow modern buildings to be
built next to older buildings in a historic area
of a city?
In order to answer this
question, we must first examine whether people
really want to preserve the
historic
feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are
attractive. However, there may be other
reasons
—
for
example, economic reasons
—
why they should be
preserved. So, let us assume that
historical buildings are both
attractive and important to the majority of
people. What should we
do
then if a new building is needed?
In my view, new architectural styles
can exist perfectly well alongside an older style.
Indeed, there
are many examples in my
own hometown of Tours where modern designs have
been placed very
successfully next to
old buildings. As long as the building in question
is pleasing and does not
dominate(
影响
) its surroundings too
much, it often improves the attractiveness of the
area.
It is true that
there are examples of new buildings which have
spoilt(
破坏
) the area they
are in,
but the same can be said of
some old buildings too. Yet people still speak
against new buildings in
historic
areas. I think this is simply because people are
naturally conservative and do not like
change.
Although
we have to respect people's feelings as fellow
users of the buildings, I believe that it
is the duty of the architect and
planner to move things forward. If we always
reproduced what
was there before, we would all still be
living in caves. Thus, I would argue against
copying previous
architectural styles
and choose something fresh and different, even
though that might be the more
risky
choice.
（
1
）
What does the
author say about historical buildings in the first
paragraph?
A.
Some of them are not attractive.
B. Most of them are too expensive to
preserve.
C. They are more pleasing than modern
buildings.
historic feel of
an area.
D. They have
nothing to do with the
（
2
）
Which of the
following is TRUE according to the
author?
A. We should
reproduce
the same old
buildings.
surroundings.
C.
Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are
in.
speak against new
buildings.
（
3
）
By
“
move things
forward
A. destroy old
buildings
C. choose new
architectural style
”
in the last paragraph, the author
probably means
B. put things
in a different place
D.
respect people's feelings for historical
buildings
“
______
_
”
.
D.
No one understands why people
B. Buildings should not dominate
their
（
4
）
What is the
main purpose of the passage?
A. To explain why people dislike
change.
historic
areas.
C. To warn that we
could end up living in caves.
their surroundings.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
C
B. To argue
that modern buildings can be built in
D. To admit how new buildings have
ruined
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文
。文章是对于现在人们经常讨论的问题
——是否现代
建筑应该和古老的历史建筑在一起
——进行了阐述，在作者看来历史建筑应该保存，但是
我们的建筑风格也应该改变，不能因为历史建筑破坏我们的生活。
(1)
细节理解题。根据第一段中
not all historical buildings are attractive.
可知，一些历史建筑不够有
吸引力，故选
A
。
(2)
细节理解题。根据第三段首句
It is true that there are
examples of new buildings which have
spoilt (
破坏
) the
area they are in, but the same can be said of some
old buildings too.
可知，一些
新建筑破
坏了所在的区域，但古建筑也有这种情况，故作者认为一些历史建筑破坏了他们生活的地方，
故选
C
。
(3)
推理判断题。根据文章第四段中
If we always reproduced what was there
before, we would
all
still
be
living
in
caves .
（如果建筑师不
改变建筑风格，我们现在还住在山洞里面）可推知，
“
moving things forward
指”“选择新的建筑风格
”，故选
C
。
(4
)
推理判断题。根据文章第一段首句
Should we allow modern buildings to
be built
next to
older buildings in a historic area of a
city?
可知，这篇文章是讨论现代建筑是否可以建在历史遗
迹的地方，故选
B
。
【点评】
英语阅读理解议论文解题技巧：英语议论文通常为三段式，即
“论点、论据、结
论”三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理
论证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此，遇到议论文体
时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点
2017
高考英语阅读理解类型
及答题技巧
2017
高考英语阅读理解类型及答题技巧。一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首
<
/p>
段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后为结论。还应注意的是：在对论点<
/p>
论证的过
程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题
句、理解文
章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。
3
．阅读理解
There's a song by the great Jamaican
singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble In The
World.
Marley understood
that part of the reason why there are so many
problems in the world is the
lack of tolerance between
people. The UN understands this too
–––
that's why it made Nov
16th
“
International Day for Tolerance
”.
But first of
all, what is tolerance? According
to French philosopher
Voltaire,
tolerance is the
consequence of humanity.
We are all formed
of frailty (
脆弱
)
and error;
let
us pardon
each
other's fool
–––
that is the first law of
nature.
”
Very often, people don't realize that
they're intolerant. This is because intolerance
has a lot to
do
with ignorance. For example, the UN's campaign is
in part about the treatment of females
by
males. But
often,
the behavior
of
men toward
women is intolerant
because men don't
put
themselves in
the shoes of women.
It's worth thinking a
little about
the
words
“
tolerance and
”
“
intolerance
”
best
words to describe the evils of which
we're speaking here? To agree to be
“
tolerant
isn't necessarily a very
respectful
thing.
When
someone is tolerated,
it
implies that
there's
something
wrong with them.
Still, what
Voltaire said stands: We humans are not perfect
and this weakness is something that
we all share. That's the reason we
should be tolerant. It's a little like
generosity. We can give
things to another person, and we can
also give our forgiveness.
（
1
）
What's the purpose of the UN
“
International
Day For Tolerance
”
?
A. To arouse people's
awareness of tolerance among people.
B. To celebrate the founding
of
the UN.
C. To solve the
problem
of
global
warming.
D. To
change
peopled
opinion
towards
globalization.
（
2
）
Why do men
behave intolerantly towards women?
A. Because men don't realize the
purpose of the UN.
B.
Because men are physically stronger
than women.
C. Because men don't appreciate the
shoes of women.
D. Because
men are not
willing
to
understand
women.
（
3
）
Why is it meaningless to use the words
“
tolerance
”
and
“
intolerance
”
?
A. Because they are hard to pronounce
in English.
B.
Because they don't express the exact
meaning people refer to.
C. Because they can't be
translated into other languages.
D. Because they can't be used in
a
respectful way.
（
4
）
In
what sense is
“
tolerance
”
similar to
“
generosity
”
?
A. Humans are advised to
treat others better.
B.
Humans leant to find faults in others.
C. Humans need to
give
something to
others.
D. Humans will
change their attitudes
to
others.
of so
”
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文
。人们天性是脆弱的不完美的，容易犯错误的，因此
包容是人性的体现。文章通过分析解释人们要宽容待人。
（
1
）考查推理判断题。根据第一段二、三
两句
“
Marley
understood that part of the reason
why there are so many
problems in the world is the lack of tolerance
between people. The UN
understands this too --- that's why it
made Nov 16th 'International Day for
Tolerance'.
可推断，
世界上的人们缺乏包容，因此联合国把
11
月
16
日设置为
“国际宽容日
”是为了唤起人们的
包容意识。故答案选
A
。
（
2
）考查推理判断题。根据第三段尾句
“
Butoften, the
behavior
of men toward
women is
intolerant because men don't put
themselves in the shoes of women.
可知，男性对女性”不包容
是因为他们不愿意设身处地的为女性着想，不愿意理解她们。故答案选
D
。
（
3
）考查推理判断题。根据倒数第二段后
三句
“
Are they the
best words to describe the evils
of which we're speaking
here? To agree to
be
'tolerant' of someone isn't necessarily a
very
respectful
thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that
there's something wrong with them.
可知，对某人宽容并不一定是一件值得尊重的事情，某人如果被包容，就暗示着某人有问
题，因此推断使用
“宽容
”或者
“不宽容
”是没有意义的，因为它们不能准确表达人们所指的
意思。故答案选
B
。
（
4
）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句
“
It'sa little like
generosity. We can give things to another
person, and we can also give our
forgiveness.
可推断，在我们”给与别人谅解时，宽容
有点像慷慨。故答案选
C
。
【点评
】本题型考查了对文章段落或某一板块的理解概括能力。先阅读问题，然后带着问题，
再
读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。在词义与句义理解的基础上，结合上下文总
结归纳某一段或几段的大意，对于把握文章主旨，分析全文结构都是至关重要的。
4
．阅读理解
Can exercise during childhood protect
you against memory loss many decades
later?Exercise
early in life
seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain,in
rats at least.
一
not
just for
physical
development,but
for
the
whole
lifelong
track
of cognitive
（认知的）
development
during ageing,
Wojtowicz
of the University of
Toronto,Canada.
humans,it
may delay the appearance of Alzheimer's
symptoms
（阿兹海默氏症）
,possibly to the
point of preventing them.
Wojtowicz's team divided 80 young male
rats into two equal groups,and placed running
wheels
in the cages of one
group for a period of six four months
later
—
when the
rats had
reached middle age
—
the team taught all
the rats to connect an electric shock
with being in a
specific
placed in the box,they froze with fear.
Two weeks later,the team tested the
rats in three situations: exactly the same box in
the same
”
room,the same box with the room
arranged differently,and a completely different
box in a different
room.
The rats without access to
a running wheel when they were young now froze the
same
percentage of times in each of
these situations,suggesting they couldn't remember
which one was
those that had been able
to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less
in both
changed box
settings.
“
Theresults
suggest
the
amount
of
physical
activity
whe
n
we're
young,at
least
for
rats,has
influence on brain and cognitive health
—
in the form of better
memories
—
when we're
older,
Arthur
Kramer
of
Northeastern
University
in
Boston,who
has
found
that,in
humans,exercise
promotes the growth of new brain
cells.
（
1
）
The study
shows that______.
A.
physical activity is important for physical
health
to the rats'
growth
C. physical activity
can prevent human's Alzheimer's
symptoms
has when young,the
better memory it will possess when
older
（
2
）
How are
Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developed?
A. By analyzing causes.
C. By describing the
process.
B. By giving an
example.
B. using the
running wheels is of benefit
D. the more exercise a rat
D. By showing differences.
（
3
）
What does the
underlined word
A.
Exercise.
B.
Development.
C.
Benefit.
D.
Study.
（
4
）
What is the
author's attitude towards the animal
study?
A.
Negative.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
B. Objective.
C.
Critical.
D.
Doubtful.
（
2
）
C
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，通过对实验鼠的实验，发现了动物在年轻时运动越
多，老年时的记忆力就越好。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“
Exercise early in
life seems to have lifelong benefits
for
the brain, in
rats at least.
可知，锻炼对”大脑终生有好处，至少对老鼠是这样的。故选
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第三段和第
四段讲述
D
。
Wojtowicz
的研究小组对老鼠进行试验的过
程，因此通过描述过程发展的。故选
C
。
（
3
）考查词义猜测。根据第二段介绍一项动物研究，具体的运动对身
体的发育很重要，对
于人类，它可能会推迟阿兹海默氏症的出现。因此
it
在句中指的是具体的身体活动，也就
是锻炼。故选
A
。
（
4
）考查观点态度。根据短文中对这项老鼠实验的过程及其结果的介
绍，用数据表示，可
见作者对动物研究的态度是很客观的。故
选
B
。
【点
评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和观点态度四个题型的考查，是一
篇科
普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析
，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
5
．
理解
You may think that the story of
Pygmalion (
《
花女》
, 1913) --- in which
people are judged by the
way they talk --- is something that
only existed in the days of British high society.
But
thanks to etiquette (
礼
) expert and
author William Hanson, we realize that little has
changed
during the past 100 years.
In a BBC radio program, Hanson released
a list of common words used in British English
that
could reveal whether a
person is
And yet here
comes the interesting part: While some of us might
go through life using fancy
words,
dressing in ways that make us appear more well-off
than we really are, there are wealthy
people in the world who try
to hide their riches because they want to be seen
as
Beatrice, for example, is a New Yorker
who inherited (
承
) millions of
dollars. She told The
价
) from her
clothes so her
New York
Times that she has a habit of removing the price
tags (
house staff don't see them and feel
uncomfortable.
$$50 million.
（
1
）
What does William Hanson find?
A. People failed to judge others'
manner.
C. People tend to
use more polite words.
（
2
）
What do rich people prefer to do?
A. To hide their riches.
C. To think highly of their
wealth.
B. To earn more
money.
D. To judge others by
their wealth.
B. People judge
others by their way of talking.
D. People meet impolite persons
frequently.
（
3
）
Why did
Beatrice remove the price tags on her
clothes?
A. To show off her
fashion sense.
C. To pretend
uncomfortable.
（
4
）
What does
B. To change people's
attitude to rich people.
to
be
normal.
D. To avoid
making
people
around
her
A. The price tag.
C. The inheritance contract.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
A
B. The brand
label.
D. The Times
magazine.
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇
明文，揭示如今人
依然会从你的
用
上来判断你是
“普通的
”
是
“ 髦的
”。
（
1
考
理解。根据第一段中的
“
But thanks to etiquette
(
礼
)
expert and author William
Hanson, we realize that little has
changed dur
ing the past 100
years.
可知，”
William
Hanson
我
在仍旧如同以前一
通
人
的方式来判断一个人。故
（
2
）考
理解。根据倒数第三段中的
B
。
“⋯
there are wealthy people in the world
who try to
hide their riches because
they want to be seen as 'normal' instead of
'showy'
可知，富人更喜欢
隐藏起他们的财富。故选
A
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的
“
She told The
New York Times that she has a habit
of removing the price tags (
价签
) from her clothes so her house staff
don't see them and feel
uncomfortable.
可知”，
Beatrice
除掉衣服上的价格标签是为了避免让她周围的人感到不舒
服。故选
D
。
（
4
）考查代词指代。根据倒数第二段的内
容可知，
Beatrice
除掉衣服上的价格标签是为了
避免让她周围的人感到不舒服。因此推断
Scott
说：我们不想要那些
<
/p>
“
Wow
”，我们不是那种
袖子上戴着商标的人。此处的
< br>“
we
”指的是
Beatrice
和
Scott
，故
it
指的是价格标签。故案选
A
。
【点评
】本题考点涉及细节理解和代词指代两个题型的考查，考生需要准确掌握细节信
息，并根
据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
6
．阅读理解
The next generation of artificial
intelligence (AI) may be sitting right beneath
you, at least if
furniture maker Ikea has any say in the
matter. The Swedish furniture company's
-living
research lab in
Copenhagen is conducting a survey to understand
what people
want when
it
comes to smart
furniture.
AI is now
walking into more aspects of people's daily lives.
Self-driving cars are just around the
corner, and AI robots can play and beat
the best players of strategy games. As
smart
home
technologies have become more
ubiquitous, products ranging from smart electrical
outlets
（插
座）
to smart smoke alarms are
flooding the market. Therefore, it's not
surprising that Ikea would
be moving in the same
direction.
Exactly why
people would want their sofa or bed
frame
to speak to then,
track their
daily
movements or offer help is not yet
clear. Though Ikea's the new survey doesn't
directly answer
that question, it does provide a
hint of what people would
feel comfortable with.
Most
participants
wanted a more human0like form of virtual
（虚拟的）
assistants, as
opposed to one
that is more
robotic. In terms of the ideal
gender
（性别）
of the
assistants, the
most popular
choice was neither male nor female. Few
wanted a religious form of AI.
Just as with
human friends, most wanted AI friends that were
like them, affirming their own
worldview. They wanted an
AI assistant that was reasonably intelligent-that
could collect data to
predict what a person wanted before he
or she asked, and that
could
prevent
someone
from
making
mistakes.
This is not the
first time that Ikea has set foot in the field or
futuristic technologies. In addition
to wireless charging tables and
chainless bikes that never rust
（生锈）
, the furniture giant
has
also pictured smart
kitchens that can cook the best meal. To decide on
how intelligent you want
your next sofa or bookshelf to be, you
can take Ikea's survey online.
（
1
）
What does the
underlined word
A.
Beautiful.
B.
Common.
C.
Normal.
D.
Environment.
（
2
）
What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk
about?
”
“
future
”
A. The differences
between
robot-like
and human-like
assistants.
assistants people want.
C. What kind of friends people
want.
B. What form
of
AI
D. The popular robots on the
market.
（
3
）
Most people
who received the survey wanted an AI assistant
that could ________.
A. help
them became smarter B. communicate with them
without troubles C. have its own
worldview D. deal with their problems
in advance
（
4
）
Which of the
following products are from Ikea?
A. Smart sofas that can speak to
you.
C. Wireless charging
cars.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
B
B. Smart beds than can
track your daily movements.
D. Rustless bikes without
chains.
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了瑞典的一家家具公司做了一项研究，调查人
们想要什么样的智能家居。
（
1
）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的
lives.
可”猜测出
have become more ubiquitous,
能家居技术变得越来越普遍，故选
“
AIis now walking into more
aspects of people's daily
As
smart home technologies
这句话的意思是智
B
。
（
2
）考查段落大意。根据第三段中的
“
Most participants
wanted a more human0li ke form of
virtual
（虚拟的）
assistants, as opposed to one that is more
robotic. In terms of the ideal gender
（性别）
of the assistants, the
most popular choice was neither male nor female.
Few wanted a
religious form of
AI.
可知第三”段主要讲了人们想要什么样的人工智能助手，故选
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
B
。
“
They wanted
an AI assistant that
was
reasonably
intelligent-that
could collect data to predict what a person wanted
before he or she asked, and
that could prevent someone from making
mistakes.
可知收到调”查的大多数人都想要一款可以
提前解决问题的人工智能助手，故选
D
。
（
4
）考查
细节理解。根据最后一段中的
“
Inaddition to wireless
charging tables and chainless
bikes that never rust
（生锈）
, the furniture giant
has also pictured smart kitchens that can
cook
the best meal.
可知”没有链条的不生锈自行车是来自于
Ikea
的产品，故案选
D
。
【点评
】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇社会
类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，
推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
7
．阅读理解
Regardless of
how far we'd like to believe gender(
性别
) equality in
the workplace has come,
there's still a yawning gap between
male and female leaders in the professional world.
A 2018
statistic shows
that women
nowadays hold just 5.8
percent of CEOs positions
companies,
according to Catalyst.
While
it's not a huge shock that
women
are somewhat
underrepresented
in
leadership
at S&P
500
positions, what is surprising though,
is the fact that females may actually be better
suited to lead
in almost every area, at least
according to new findings from the BI Norwegian
Business School.
In their research
，
Professor yvind L.
Martinsen and Professor Lars Glas surveyed
(
调查
)2,900
managers with a
special focus on personality types. The results
were clear: Women scored higher
than men in four of the
five major leadership-centric
categories.
While some
people believe that men inherently make better
leaders
picture a leader
with a commanding voice, which is more typical
of
—
probably
because they
men than women
—
this
piece of
research suggests that women are better at
methodical management and goal-setting,
openness, sociability and
supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate
clearly.
There was
one
area in which men
scored higher than women,
emotional stability
though, and
that was on
and
ability to face job-related pressure and stress.
The results suggest that
women are more sensitive to the effects
of high-pressure or highly emotional
situations.
Obvi
ously
，
it's
important
to
consider individual(
个人的
)
differences. Anyone, regardless
gender, may be an inspiring
leader and a competent boss. But next
time you're
of
hiring for
a
management
position, you just might want to give the
resumes(
简历
)
from female candidates a
harder look.
（
1
）
What makes us
shocked much at leadership positions?
A. Women are worse than men.
C. There is a huge gap between
genders.
B. Men take almost
all high positions.
D. Women
might behave better in every field.
”
in paragraph 4?
D. normally
（
2
）
Which of the following can best replace the
underlined word ''inherently
A. properly
B.
potentially
C.
naturally
（
3
）
Which of the
following may be the best title of this
text?
A. How We Can Figure
Out The Boss.
C. Why Women
Make The Best Bosses.
B. Why
Women Are Better Than Men.
D. How We Can Tell Gender
Difference.
（
4
）
Who might have
special interest in this article?
A. Job hunters.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
B. Employers.
C.
Employees.
D. Male
bosses.
（
2
）
C
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，在工作领域男性领导人和女性领导人地位存在不平
等现象，作者指出在领导位置上，女
性可能在各个领域表现更好，倡议雇主在招聘领导岗
位员工时应多考虑女性。
(1)
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“
whatis surprising though,
is the fact that females may
actually be better suited to lead in
almost every area, at least according to new
findings from
the BI Norwegian Business
School.
可”知让人惊讶的是，在领导位置上，女性可能在各个领域
表现更好。故选
D
。
(2)
考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的
“
While some people believe
that men inherently make better
leaders
—
probably because they
picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is
more typical of
men than wo
men
”可知人们认为男性自然能成为更好的领导者，划线词是自然
地。故选
C
。
(3)
考查主旨大意。根据第四段中的
“
thispiece of research suggests that
women are better
at
methodical
management and goal-setting, openness, sociability
and supportiveness, as well as
ability to communicate clearly.
可知”本文强调了女性在管理层的地位，因此
“为什么女性是最好
的老板
”符合题意。故选
C
。
(4)
考
查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“
But next time you're hiring for a
management position,
you
just might want to give the resumes(
简历
) from female
candidates a harder look.
下次你雇
”
佣管理岗位员工时，得知雇主们会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选
B
。
【点评
】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇社会
现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，
进行分
析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
8
．阅读理解
Every day I see advertisements in the
newspapers and on the buses claiming that it is
easy and
quick to learn English. There
is even a reference to William Shakespeare or
Charles Dickens to
encourage learners
even more. When I see advertisements like this, I
don't know whether to laugh
or cry. But
many people must believe these ridiculous claims,
or else the advertisements would not
appear.
Of course it is clear that students who
go to England to learn English have a great
advantage
over others, but too many
cannot afford to do so. Some go to the opposite
extreme and think
they can teach
themselves at home with dictionaries. But it is
wrong to assume that each word in
English has a precise equivalent in
another language, let alone produces good
pronunciation and
intonation.
Most teaching is still based on
behaviorist psychology. Behaviorists are fond of
making
students repeat phrases and
making sentences. If we were parrots or
chimpanzees, these
methods might be
successful. A large number of theorists seem to
think it is a pity we aren't,
because
it would make it easier to use their
methods.
In my
personal opinion, no one can ever learn to speak
English or any other language unless he
is interested in it. Human beings,
unlike parrots and chimpanzees, do not like making
noises unless
they understand what the
noises mean and can relate them to their own
lives. It is worth
remembering that
language is a means of communication. What they
listen to and read cannot
be a formula. It must be
real.
There is another
relevant point worth mentioning here. We need
other people to talk to and
listen to
when we communicate. They can work with us and
practice the unfamiliar forms with us
in real situations, talking to each
other about real life language.
（
1
）
Many people
believe advertisements in the newspapers and
on the buses probably
because
.
A. they are encouraged by William
Shakespeare or Charles Dickens
B. they are
eager to learn
and then believe
them
C. the ways advertised
can help them to save time and efforts
effective and helpful
D. the ways advertised prove
（
2
）
What may
behaviorists argue towards English
learning?
A. Human beings
make more interesting noises than parrots and
chimpanzees.
B.
Human
beings should relate
their speech to their own lives.
C. Language is a formula with lots of
repetitions
and practices.
D. Language is a means of
communication.
（
3
）
What opinion
does the author hold?
A. A
quick method that suits all the students does
exist.
B. English can be
mastered within a
very short
period of time.
C. Each word
in English has a precise equivalent in another
language.
D. No one can
learn
English well without
being interested in it.
（
4
）
What ways of learning is suggested by the
author?
A. Study
abroad.
B. Learn
communicatively and situationally.
C. Follow the behaviorists'
approach.
D. Teach oneself
at home with dictionaries.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
C
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了一名语言教师对语言学习的个人看法。他认
为学生
们喜欢实惠的速成学习方法在情理之中，但是学英语不像广告中所说的那么轻松，
假如没有兴趣，任何人都不可能学好英语或其他任何语言。在交际时我们需要有交谈或倾
听的对象。用真实的语言去谈论真实的生活，那一定会受益匪浅。
（
1
）考查
推理判断。根据第一段中的
“
Nodoubt this is true to a
certain extent, but
it is
not
very helpful to
students.
可知许多”人渴望学好这门语言，相信这些广告中宣传的学习语言能
速成，故选
B
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
“
Most teaching is still
based on behaviori
st
psychology.
Behaviorists are fond of making
students repeat phrases and making
sentences.
可知现在大量的
教学活动还是建立在
行为主义心理学的基础之上。行为主义者热衷于让学生复述短语，不
断做一些只需更换句中某个词的练习。故选
C
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“
In my personal opinion, no
one can ever learn to speak
English or any other l anguage unless
he is interested in it.
可知作者认为，”假如没有兴趣，任何
人都不可能学好英语或其他任何语言。故选
D
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“
Thereis another
relevant point
worth
mentioning
here.
We need other people to talk to and listen to when
we communicate. They can work with
us
and practice the unfamiliar forms with us in real
situations, talking to each other about real life
language.
可”知还有一个相关的问题值得一提：在
交际时我们需要有交谈或倾听的对象。在
学习较生疏的内容时
，如果有其他学生和我们在实战中一起学习和练习那些陌生的语言形
式，用真实的语言去谈论真实的生活，那一定会受益匪浅。故选
B
。
【点评
】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的
逻辑关
系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
”
9
．阅读理解
Watching wooden dolls come to life
may not be one of the most popular
forms
entertainment today,
but with over twenty years' experience, talented
puppeteer (
Peter Roberts
has earned himself the title
of
木偶表演者
)
“
master puppeteerhis
great
”
abilitybecausetoturnof
“
People are quite often
surprised to hear what I
puppets into believable, almost living
characters.
do
for living and have little appreciation of puppy
as a form of entertainment. But while the
exact
the very first kind of
theatre,
Roberts' shows are
highly original.
to
storytelling,
origins of puppet theatre are unknown,
it has been popular in many cultures and may have
been
”
he explains.
“
A puppet show can involve
anything from
傻
clowning(
逗
)
”
he says, Equally diverse
are the audiences he performs for.
“
Some are a
by
the puppets themselves, while others enjoy the
dialogue.
entertainment can
be appreciated by people of all ages and
cultures.
Roberts' interest
in puppets started when
”
Roberts believes that this
form of
he received
some
beautiful glove
puppets
one
he
Christmas. He started putting on shows
with these for family and friends and then moved
on to
handmade
Chinese string puppets. Learning
mostly
explains,
from
books and
personal experience,
”
“
I
was alreadyendingsp most of my free time carving
puppets and putting on shows, so
I hardly noticed the change
from students to full-
time
professional puppeteer.
The
puppets
are designed
specifically for each show, which is extremely
time consuming.
“
Sometimes what you expect
and what you actually create in the end
are
According to
Ro berts,
two very different
things. I've made some of my best puppets
'accidentally'.
When most
people hear the word
“
puppetry
”
”
,
they more than likely think of a way of
keeping
children
entertained at birthday parties. Certainly the
subject matter will be expected to be
light-
hearted
rather
than serious. However, Roberts wants to
point out that puppets
”
he says.
come serious
messages
sometimes.
（
1
）
What do we
know about puppetry in the first
paragraph?
A. It is a most
popular form of entertainment.
C. It was first
brought
recognized.
B. It cannot give people pleasure any
more.
D. Its value as
an
art
form
is
not
fully
to life by
Peter Roberts.
（
2
）
In
Roberts' eyes, his puppet shows
A. usually attract people full of
humor
C. display
something
intelligence
.
B.
are most something for old aged
audience
meaningful
for
different people
D. involve
hard
work
and
great
（
3
）
Roberts developed an interest in puppets because
of
A. the puppet show
books
.
B. his
university major
C. a
Christmas gift
D. some Chinese string
puppets
（
4
）
What does
Roberts want people to think of puppet
theatre?
A. It is just a
kind of entertainment for kids.
C. It is only a kind of serious art
form.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
C
B. It can be
educational as well as entertaining.
D. It should be kept light-
hearted.
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文为夹叙夹议。本文讲述了虽然木偶表演栩栩如生，但已不是当今一
种最流行
的娱乐形式。享用盛名的木偶大师罗伯特却让自己的木偶表演极具独创性。他让
木偶表演不仅具有观赏性也有一定的教育意义。
（
2
）细节理解题。根据第一段
“
Peopleare quite often
surprised to hear what I do for livi ng and
have little
appreciation of puppy as a form of entertainment
可知，人们很少把木”偶表演看
作是一种娱乐形式来欣赏。分析选项可知
合题意，故答案选
D
项。
D
项（它作为一种艺术形式没有被充分认可）符
（
3
）推
理判断题。第二段内容说罗伯特的木偶戏涉及任何东西，从扮小丑逗乐到到讲故
事，
”他给各种各样不同的观众表演。
“有些人被木偶本身吸引，而另一些人喜欢木偶表演
中的对话。
”罗伯特认为这种形式的
娱乐可以被各个年龄段和文化的人所欣赏。由此可判
断，罗伯特的木偶戏为不同的人展示一些有意义的东西。分析选项可知
答案选
C
项。
C
项符合题意，故
（
3
）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句
“
Certainly the
subject matter will be expected to be
light-
hearted rather than
serious. However, Roberts wants to point out that
puppets come
serious
messages sometimes.
木”偶表演的主题更多的是轻松愉快的而不
是严肃的。然而，
罗伯特指出木偶表演有时也传递一些严肃的东西。由此可推断出，木偶
表演既是一种娱乐也
有一定的教育性。故答案选
B
。
（
4
）此题属于细节理解中的一一对应型。
答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一
对应，一目了然。根据第三段第一句
“
Roberts'interest
in puppets started when he
received
some beautiful glove puppets one
Christmas.
罗伯特对木”偶的兴趣始于圣诞节时他收到了一
些漂亮的手套木偶。故选
C
。
1
）先叙述自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后真对这一事
2
）作者先提出一种观点或看法。然后围
【点评】夹叙夹议阅读理解：（
件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。（
绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。< p>
（
3
）提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步的总结和升华。
抓住作者要说明的观点或要阐述的生活哲理是做好这一类型题目的关键，而作
者叙述所发
生的事件或生活经历只是为表达其思想服务的。
10
．
阅读理解
Two young
giant-panda twins born in the United States have
returned home to China, but are
straggling to adapt to the language and
food.
The
3-year-old sisters, Mei Lun and Mei Huan, wens the
first surviving panda twins to be
born
in the United States, and were returned to China
from Zoo Atlanta on Nov. 5. But the pair
still understand English belter than
Chinese, and prefer American biscuits to Chinese
bread.
A zoo-keeper said
that his main concern is that the pair are so
addicted to American biscuits
that
everything they eat
—
from
bamboos to apples
—
has to
be mixed with biscuits. They even
want
to snack on (
零食
) biscuits
when drinking water.
The zoo
-keeper is trying to wean them off their biscuit
habit, gradually replacing the American
food with Chinese bread. Mei Huan is
adapting, but Mei Lun doesn't want to touch the
unfamiliar
bread.
Mei Lun is the livelier of the two,
often jumping onto the roof and hanging upside
down from a
rail, but her
slightly younger sister Mei Huan is calmer,
preferring to sit still, observe her
new
environment and
occasionally snack on bamboo.
A language barrier
is also
reported.
While
the pair
respond
to their
own
names, and
understand some English phrases such
as
“
come
here,
”
they
don't understand the Sichuan dialect
of Chinese.
The
news caused some laughter on Chinese social media,
with some users commenting that
the
pandas would soon get used to Sichuan's famously
spicy cuisine.
（
1
）
Based on the
passage, which statement do you think is
right?
A. The panda twins
can fit in well in Sichuan.
B. The panda twins are only fond of
Sichuan
food and
dishes.
C. The panda twins
have been used to the new environment very
quickly.
D. It's hard for
the
panda twins to get used
to the new environment soon.
（
2
）
What does th e underlined part
wean
“
them off
”
in the fourth paragraph
mean?
A. help them get rid
of.
B. help them
form.
C. help them strengthen.
D. help them
keep.
（
3
）
From the passage we learn that of the two
sisters.
A. Mei Huan mainly eats
bamboo
B. Mei
Lun is living a more active life
C. Mei Huan is
not smarter than Mei Lun
D.
Mei Lun is as quiet as her younger
sister
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在美国出生的两只双胞胎大熊猫回国了，但
是却不适应国内的饮食和语言，令饲养员很担心。
(1)
考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“
butare struggling to adapt
to the language and food
”可
知，这对双胞胎熊猫回国后适应语言和食物都很费力、困难，
尤其是后面的
2,3,4
段更细节
地描述了适应这个新环境的困难。故选
D
。
(2)
考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的
“
gradually replacing the
American food with Chinese bread
逐渐地用中国面包（馒头）代替美国食物，故前一句“
The
zoo-keeper is trying to wean them
off their biscuit habit
的”意思肯定是饲养员正试图让他们戒掉吃美国饼干的习惯，故此处的
< br>
wean them off
就可以断定为
“去除
”的意思，选
A
。
<
/p>
(3)
考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的
“
Mei Lun is the livelier
of the two, often jumping onto
the roof and hanging upside
down from a rail, but her slightly younger sister
Mei Huan is calmer,
preferring to sit
still
可知，美轮”更充满活力一点，喜欢上蹿下跳地玩耍，美奂则更安静点，喜
欢静坐，故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解
，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，考生在捕捉细节信息同时，
需根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，选出正确答
案。
”