【英语】英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧
-
【英语】英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读理解
Research finds out why some people
are constantly under attack from the bloodsucking
insects
while others walk
free.
For those
unfortunate enough to feature highly on the
mosquito hit list, summer nights can be
synonymous with mosquito bites. Yet
others hardly ever get bitten. So how do the
bloodthirsty
insects select their
victims?
The insects'
tastes may seem arbitrary. However, research shows
that when mosquitoes make
their choices
between potential victims, it all comes down to
scent (
气味
).
“Mosquitoes
are
attracted
by
carbon
dioxide
and
heat,
which
everyone
gives
off.
But
mosquitoes
are
also
attracted
by
certain
scents,”
says
Karl
-Martin
Vagn
Jensen,
the
head
of
research
at the Department of Agricultural Science at Arhus
University.
According to
Jensen, it has not yet been confirmed exactly what
the scents in question are. But
research does indicate that some scents
are more attractive to mosquitoes than
others.
“All
the lab employees rubbed petri dishes
(
培养皿
) against their
stomachs. In that way, their
scents
were put on the dishes, which were then put in a
container full of mosquitoes,” he says.
“The mosquitoes repeatedly landed on
some of the petri dishes, but didn't go anywhere
near the
others.”
Perhaps taking inspiration from
popular fiction, there are also those who consider
garlic as an
excellent repellent
(
驱虫剂
) against the winged
bloodsuckers. According to the researcher, this
strategy may not be entirely fruitless.
“As far as I know, there is no
scient
ific proof that eating
garlic
works.
But
there
may
be
something
to
the
theory
that
it's
possible
to
mask
scent
with
garlic,” he says. The only reliable
method of protection against mosquitoes is to use
repellents
that are sold over the
counter. It contains some smells that can confuse
the mosquitoes. When
the mosquito comes
closer, it uses smell, heat and carbon dioxide to
decide whether to bite. But
if it is
confused by a repellent, it will never get that
far.
（
1
）
Which of the following can best
replace the phrase underlined in Paragraph 2?
A. Be equal to.
B. Be accessible to.
C. Be harmful to.
D. Be beneficial to.
（
2
）
What can
we infer about the scents attracting mosquitoes?
A. Mosquitoes
can
be
attracted
by
various
scents.
B. Some
kinds
of
scents
appeal
to
mosquitoes in particular.
C. The
lab
employees
use
petri
dishes
to
deposit
their
scents.
D.
Mosquitoes
are
arbitrary
when it comes to different
scents.
（
3
）
What is the main idea of the last
Paragraph?
A. A
new strategy is used in researching repellents.
B. Garlic is considered to be an
excellent
repellent.
C. Using
repellents
is
an
effective
way
against
mosquitoes.
D. The
inspiration
against
mosquitoes is from popular
fiction.
（
4
）
Where is the text most probably
taken from?
A.
Science fiction.
B. A
biography.
C. A medical
report.
D. A research
paper.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，分析了为什么有些人经常受到吸血昆虫的攻击。
（
1
）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的
“For
those unfortunate enough to feature highly on the
mosquito hit list, summer nights can be
synonymous with mosquito bites. ”
对于那些不幸
被蚊子
叮咬的人来说，夏夜可以成为蚊子叮咬的同义词。也就是说
“
夏夜等同于蚊子的叮咬
”
，故
选
A
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的
“Mosquitoes
are
attracted
by
carbon
dioxide
and
heat,
which
everyone gives off. But mosquitoes are also
attracted by certain scents,”
可知，某些种类
的气味对蚊子尤其有吸引力。故选
B
。
（
3
）考查段落大
意。根据最后一段中的
“The
only
reliable
method
of
protection
against
mosquitoes is to use
repellents that are sold over the counter. It
contains some smells that can
confuse
the mosquitoes.”
可知，使用驱虫剂是对付蚊子的有效方法。故选
C
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“Rese
arch
finds
out
why
some
people
are
constantly
under attack from the bloodsucking
insects while others walk f
ree.”
可知，这篇文章最有可能来
自一篇研究论文。故选
D<
/p>
。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词
义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅
读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系
，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答
案。
2
．
阅读理解
When
Andrew
Kaplan
recalls,
his
stories
leave
the
impression
that
he
has
managed
to
pack
multiple
lives
into
a
single existence:
A
war reporter
in
his
20s.
an
army
member,
a
successful
businessman and-
later. the author of numerous spy novels and
Hollywood scripts.
Now
the silver haired 78-year old has realized he
would like his loved ones to have access to
those
stories,
even
when
he
is
no
longer
alive
to
share
them.
Kaplan
has
agreed
to
become
thousands of
years
If all goes
according to plan future generations will be able
to interact with him
using voice
computing platforms of mobile devices,
asking him questions, letting him tell stories and
drawing
upon a lifetime's worth of
advice long after his physical body is
gone.
Someday, Kaplan,
who playfully refers to himself as a pig, may be
remembered as one of the
world's first
digital humans.
For
decades, Silicon Valley futurists have sought to
free humanity from the life cycle. Today, a
new generation of companies is selling
some approximation(
近似
) of
virtual immortality, which
gives people
the opportunity to preserve one's
legacy(
遗产
) online
forever.
Kaplan is eager
to become one of the world's first virtual
residents, partly because he considers
the effort a way to extend closed
family bonds over multiple generations.
If technology succeeds in creating
emotionally intelligent digital humans, experts
say, it may
forever change the way
living people cooperate with computers and
experience loss.
may
become
one
of
the
world's
first:
meaningful
examples,
raising
complex
philosophical
questions
about the nature of immortality and the purpose of
existence itself.
（
1
）
What is the purpose of
the first paragraph?
highlight Kaplan's
achievements.
introduce the
topic- -AndyBot.
arouse
readers interest in Kaplan.
introduce Kaplan's life.
（
2
）
Why
did Andrew Kaplan agree to become AndyBot?
wanted to share his life
experience as long as possible.
wanted to make his loved one remember
him.
believed this action
will help with his novels.
could live in the cloud to continue his
life.
（
3
）
What might the AndyBot do for future
generations?
may use voice computing platforms.
may use a new body to go on
living.
may offer some
guidance.
may ask them
questions.
（
4
）
What can we infer from the last
paragraph?
ophical problems can be worked out by
modern science.
can talk
with their late family members freely.
ists have made great progress in
computer science.
is still
a long way for digital humans to go.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
A
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了科技新动态
----
数字人。
（
1
）考查
推理判断。根据第一段可知，当安德鲁
·
卡普兰回忆往昔的时候
，他的故事让人
感觉他活出了各种各样的人生：
20
多岁的时候是战地记者，还是一名军人，一位成功的商
人，随后又是很多间
谍小说和好莱坞剧本的作者。主要介绍安德鲁
·
卡普兰丰富多彩
的人
生；在根据第二段中的
“Now the silver
haired 78
-year old has realized he
would like his loved
ones to have
access to those stories, even when he is no longer
alive to share them. Kaplan has
agreed
to become “AndyBot”
---
a
virtual person who will be”
现在这位花白头发的
78
岁的老人
想要他爱的人知道这些故事，甚
至当他去世之后还可以分享这些故事。
Kaplan
同意变成数
字人
，可知，第一段的内容主要是引
出下文中文章的话题数字人。故选
B
。
（
2
）考查
细节理解。根据第二段中的
“Now
the
silver
haired
78
-year
old
has
realized
he
would like his loved ones to have
access to those stories, even when he is no longer
alive to share
them. Kaplan has agreed
to become ‘AndyBot’...a virtual person who will be
”
现在这位花白头发
的
78
岁的老人想要他爱的人知道这些故事，甚至当他去世之后还可以分享这些故事。
Kaplan
同意变成数字人，可知，卡普兰同意变成数字人是为了能更长时间的分
享自己的这
些故事。故选
A
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“If all goes
according to plan. future generations will be
able
to
interact
with
him
using
voice
computing
platforms
of
mobile
devices,
asking
him
questions,
letting
him
tell
stories
and
drawing
upon
a
lifetime's
worth
of
advice
long
after
his
physical body is gone. ”
如果一切
按计划进行，后代可以通过移动端的语音平台和他交流，即
使他的肉体不存在后，还可以
问他问题，让他讲故事以及咨询他一生经验的宝贵建议。可
知卡普兰成为
“
数字人
”
后，他的后代仍能
得到他一生经验的宝贵建议。故选
C
。
（
4
）考查
推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“If
technology
succeeds
in
creating
emotionally
intelligent
digital
humans,
experts
say,
it
may
forever
change
the
way
living
people
cooperate
with computers and experience loss.”
可知，专家们说，如果科技成功地创造出高情商的数字
人类，它可能会
永远改变人类与电脑交互的方式，以及处理失去亲人创伤的方式，即目前
的数字人类还无
法拥有高情商，还是不够完美的，因此数字人技术还有很长的路要走。故
选
D
。
< br>【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需
< br>要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3
．
阅读短
文，从每题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
< br>四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Many people have long dreamed of
being able to fly around as simply as riding a
bicycle. Yet
the
safety
and
strength
of
a
flying
bike
was
always
a
big
problem.
Over
the
past
10
years,
developments in
technology have moved the dream of personal flying
vehicles closer to reality.
Now, two
groups of inventors say such vehicles may be
available soon.
The
British company Malloy Aeronautics has developed a
prototype (
原型
) of its flying
bicycle.
Grant Stapleton, marketing
sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the
Hoverbike is able to get
in and out of
small spaces very quickly.
can be folded
and packed,
Mr.
Stapleton says safety was the company's main
concern. He says the designers solved the
safety issue by using overlapping
rotors to power the vehicle.
The company is testing a full-size
prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely
be used
first by the police and
emergency rescue teams.
In
New
Zealand,
Martin Aircraft
Company
is
also
testing
a
full-size
prototype
of
its
personal
flying device,
called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30
minutes, up to 1, 000 meters high and
reach a speed of 74 kilometers per
hour.
Peter Coker is the
CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the
Jetpack
from the start
into
the actual structure itself, very similar to a
Formula One racing car.
The Jetpack uses a gasoline-powered engine that
produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker
says it also has a parachute that would
be used, if there should be an emergency.
work at very low altitude and actually
saves both the aircraft and the
pilot,
says the Jetpack will be ready
for sale soon.
（
1
）
We
can learn from the passage that the Hoverbike
________.
A. can
hardly get in and out of small spaces
quickly
B. can fly for over
30 minutes, up to 1, 000 meters high
C. has been used by the police and
emergency rescue teams
D.
can be transported quickly after being folded and
packed
（
2
< br>）
Peter Coker uses the example of
Formula One racing car to show that ________.
A. the Jetpack is very safe
and reliable
B. the engine
of the Jetpack is powerful
C. the actual structure of the Jetpack
is unique
D. the Jetpack can
reach a great speed and height
（
3
）
The
underlined word
A. the jet
stream
B. the engine
C. the Jetpack
D. the parachute
（
4
）
What is the
author's main purpose of writing the passage?
A. To describe the problems
of inventing flying vehicles.
B. To introduce the latest development
of flying vehicles.
C. To
show the differences between two flying
vehicles.
D. To advertise
the two personal flying vehicles.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
A
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，讲述一种个人飞行工具很快就会应用于现实，然而
安全性和强度一直是个大问题，文中
介绍了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品，新产品
把安全放在首位，并对产品进行了改
进。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“the
Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small
spaces
very quickly. It can be moved
across continents very quickly because it can be
folded and packed.”
可知，
Hover
bike
能够很快地进出小空间。它可快速地在大陆上移动，因为它可以折叠和包
装。可知，选
D
。
（
2
）考查
推理判断。根据第六段
Peter Coker
说
Jetpack
从一开始就围绕安全进行的，安全
可
靠性是最重要的因素。我们在车的现行结构中植入了安全性，非常类似于
Formula
One
赛车。，故选
A
。
（
3
）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的
“Mr.
Coker says it also has a parachute
(
降落伞
) that
can be
used should there be an emergency.
altitude …., ”Coker
先生
说
Jetpack
上也有降落伞，可以在紧急情况下使
用。
“
在海拔非常低的情况下开始用它
…”
。
可知，
Jetpack
上的降落伞（它）是在海拔低时才用。由此可知
it
指的是
parachute
(
降
落
伞
)
。故选
D
。
（<
/p>
4
）考查主旨大意。根据第一段可知，许多人一直梦想能像骑自行
车一样简单的飞来飞
去，科技的发展让这个梦想很快实现。然而飞行自行车的安全性和强
度一直是个大问题。
接着下面叙述了两家研发飞行器的公司的最新的产品，新产品把安全
放在首位。故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题
型的考查，是一篇科研类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的
逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4
．
阅读理解
Should we allow modern buildings to
be built next to older buildings in a historic
area of a city?
In order to answer this
question, we must first examine whether people
really want to preserve
the historic
feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are
attractive. However, there may be other
reasons
—
for
example, economic
reasons
—
why they should be
preserved. So, let us assume that
historical buildings are both
attractive and important to the majority of
people. What should we
do then if a new
building is needed?
In
my view, new architectural styles can exist
perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed,
there
are
many
examples
in
my
own
hometown
of
Tours
where
modern
designs
have
been
placed
very successfully next to old buildings. As long
as the building in question is pleasing and
does not
dominate(
影响
) its
surroundings too much, it often improves the
attractiveness of the
area.
It is true that there are examples
of new buildings which have
spoilt(
破坏
) the area they are
in,
but the same can be said of some
old buildings too. Yet people still speak against
new buildings in
historic
areas.
I
think
this
is
simply
because
people
are
naturally
conservative
and
do
not
like
change.
Although we have to respect people's feelings as
fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it
is the duty of the architect and
planner to move things forward. If we always
reproduced what
was
there
before,
we
would
all
still
be
living
in
caves.
Thus,
I
would
argue
against
copying
previous
architectural styles and choose something fresh
and different, even though that might
be the more risky choice.
（
1
）
What
does the author say about historical buildings in
the first paragraph?
A. Some of them are not attractive.
B. Most of them are too expensive to
preserve.
C. They
are
more
pleasing
than
modern
buildings.
D. They
have
nothing
to
do
with
the
historic feel of an area.
（
2
）
Which
of the following is TRUE according to the author?
A. We
should
reproduce
the
same
old
buildings.
B.
Buildings
should
not
dominate
their
surroundings.
C.
Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are
in.
D. No one understands why
people
speak against new
buildings.
（
3
）
By
“move things forward” in the last paragraph, the
author probably means “_______”.
A. destroy old buildings
B. put things in a different place
C. choose new architectural style
D. respect people's feelings for historical
buildings
（
4
）
What is the main purpose of the
passage?
A. To
explain why people dislike change.
B. To argue that modern buildings can
be built in
historic areas.
C. To warn that we could end up living
in caves.
D. To admit how new
buildings have ruined
their
surroundings.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文
。文章是对于现在人们经常讨论的问题
——
是否现代
建筑应该和古老的历史建筑在一起
——
进行了阐述
，在作者看来历史建筑应该保存，但是
我们的建筑风格也应该改变，不能因为历史建筑破
坏我们的生活。
(1)
细节理解题。
根据第一段中
not
all
historical
buildings
are
attractive.
可知
，一些历史建筑
不够有吸引力，故选
A
。
(2)
细节理解题。根据第三段首
句
It is true that there are examples of
new buildings which have
spoilt
(
破坏
) the area they are in,
but the same can be said of some old buildings too
.
可知，一
些新建筑破坏了所在的区域，但古建筑也有这种情况
，故作者认为一些历史建筑破坏了他
们生活的地方，故选
C
。
(3)
推理判
断题。根据文章第四段中
If we always reproduced what
was there before, we would
all
still
be
living
in
caves
.
（如果建筑师不改变建筑风格，我们现在还住在山洞里面）可推
知，
“moving things forward”
指
“
选择新的建筑风格
”
，故选
C
。
(4)
推理判断题。根据文章第一段首句
Should
we
allow
modern
buildings
to
be
built
next
to
older buildings in a historic area of a
city?
可知，这篇文章是讨论现代建筑是否可以建在历史
遗
迹的地方，故选
B
。
【点评】
英语阅读理解议论文解题技
巧：英语议论文通常为三段式，即
“
论点、论据、结
论
”
三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点，然
后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论
证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论
点及论据的把握。因此，遇到议论文体
时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清
作者的观点
2017
高考英语阅读理解类型
及答题技巧
2017
高考英语阅读理解类型及答题技巧。一
般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首
段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后
为结论。还应注意的是：在对论点
论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握
全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题
句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的
关键。
5
．
阅读理解
I was never very neat, while my
roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her
objects
had its place, but mine always
hid somewhere. She even labeled
(
贴标签
) everything. I always
looked
for
everything.
Over
time,
Kate
got
neater
and
I
got
messier.
She
would
push
my
dirty
clothing over, and I
would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got
tired of each other.
War broke out one evening. Kate came
into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take
your
shoes away! Why under my bed!”
Deafened, I saw my
shoes flying at me.
I jumped to my feet and
started
yelling. She yelled back louder.
The room was filled with anger. We
could not have stayed together for a single minute
but for a
phone
call.
Kate
answered
it.
From
her
end
of
the
conversation,
I
could
tell
right
away
her
grandma
was
seriously
ill.
When
she
hung
up,
she
quickly
crawled
under
her
covers,
sobbing.
Obviously, that was
something she should not go through phone. All of
a sudden, a warm feeling
of sympathy
rose up in my heart.
Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the
books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept
the floor, even on her side. I got so
into my work that I even didn't notice Kate had
sat up. She
was
watching,
her
tears
dried
and
her
expression
one
of
disbelief.
Then,
she
reached
out
her
hands to grasp mine. I
looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me,
“Thanks.”
Kate and I
stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We
didn't always agree, but we learned
the
key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and
holding on.
（
1
）
What made Kate angry one
evening?
A. She
couldn't find her books.
B. She heard the author shouting
loud.
C. She got the news
that her grandma was ill.
D.
She saw the author's shoes beneath her
bed.
（
2
）
The
author tidied up the room most probably because
_______.
A. she
hated herself for being so messy
B. she was asked by Kate to do
so
C. she was scared by
Kate's anger D. she wanted
to show her care
（
3
）
How
is Paragraph 1 mainly developed?
A. By analyzing causes.
B. By describing a process.
C. By showing differences.
D. By following time order.
（
4
）
What might be
the best title for the story?
A. My Friend Kate
B. Hard Work Pays Off
C. How to Be Organized
D. Learning to Be Roommates
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2<
/p>
）
D
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
。作者与室友生活习惯迥异，冲突在所难免。在室友
遭遇悲痛之时，作者以实际行动表达
自己的同情，从而达成和好。作者从中懂得一个道
理：让步、整理房间和坚持是处理室友
关系的关键。
(1)
细节理解题。根据第二段
I
heard
her
screaming.
“Take
your
shoes
away!
Why
under
my
bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying
at me.
可知，室友生气是因为作者乱丢乱放的鞋子，故
选
D
。
(2)
推理判断题。根据第四段
All
of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in
my heart.
可
知，作者整理房间是出于对室友悲伤的同
情而表达自己的关切，故选
D
。
(3)
推理判断题。根据第一段
Each
of her objects had its place, but mine always hid
somewhere.
She even
labeled(
贴标签
)everything. I
always looked for everything. Over
time
，
Kate got neater
and I got messier. She would push my
dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on
her tidy
desk. So we both got tired of
each other.
等内容可知，作者列举了与室友在日常习惯上的种种
差异，故选
C
。
(4)
主旨大意题。文章最后一段
we
learned the key to living together: giving in,
cleaning up and
holding
on.<
/p>
可知，作者表达了自己叙述这个故事的意图：就是懂得了与室友相处的关键，
故选
D
。
【点评】英语阅读理解继续文解题技巧：英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事
件、地点、或过程。特点是，其主题往往潜伏在字里行间，没有直接地表白出来
;
文章主旨
要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。描写手
法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下
顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法
，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从
整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者
的写作意图及情感主线。高考阅读就
记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。
< br>
6
．
阅读理解
Exhibitions in the British
Museum
Hokusai: beyond
the Great Wave
Katsushika
Hokusai
(1760-1849)
is
widely
regarded
as
one
of
Japan's
most
famous
and
influential produced works of
astonishing quality right up until his death at
the age of
new exhibition will lead
you on an artistic journey through the last 30
years of Hokusai's
life
—
a time when
he produced some of his most memorable
masterpieces.
25
May
—
13 August
2017
Room 35
Adults
￡
12,Members/under 16s
free
Places of the mind:
British watercolour landscapes
1850-1950
Drawn
from
the
British
Museum's
rich
collection,this
is
the
first
exhibition
devoted
to
landscape
drawings
and watercolours by
British
artists
in
the
Victorian
and
modern
eras
—
two
halves of very different
centuries.
23
February
—
27 August
2017
Room 90
Free, just drop in
Scythians: warriors of ancient
Siberia
This
major
exhibition
explores
the
story
of
the
Scythians
—
nomadic
tribes
and
masters
of
mounted warfare, who flourished between
900 and 200 BC. Their encounters with the Greeks,
Assyrians and Persians were written
into history but for centuries all trace of their
culture was
lost
—
buried
beneath the ice.
14
September 2017
—
14 January
2018
Room 30
Adults
￡
16.50,Members/under
16s free
Politics and
paradise: Indian popular prints from the
Moscatelli Gift
This
display is part of the Museum's contribution to
the India-UK Year of Culture looks
at
the popular print culture of India from the 1880s
until the 1950s.
19
July
—
3 September
2017
Room 90a
Free,just drop in
（
1
）
If
you are interested in drawings of natural scenery,
you will probably go to______.
A. Room 35
B. Room 90
C. Room 30
D. Room 90a
（
2
）
Which exhibition
can you attend in October 2017?
A. Hokusai: beyond the
Great Wave.
B.
Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia.
C. Places
of
the
mind:
British
watercolour
landscapes
1850-1950.
D.
Politics
and
paradise:
Indian popular prints from the
Moscatelli Gift.
（
3
）
Where can we most
probably find the passage?
A. In a health report.
B. In a story book.
C. In a parenting magazine.
D. In a tour guide.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
< br>B
（
3
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文
，介绍了四个不同的展览，分别是日本艺术家的杰
作，英国水彩风景，希腊历史探索和印
度印刷文化。
（
1
< br>）考查细节理解。根据
Places of the mind:
British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950
部分
中的
“this
is
the
first
exhibition
devoted
to
landscape
drawings
and
wate
rcolours”
以及下段的
“Room 90”
可知，这幅作品是关于自然风光的，在
90
房间。
故选
B
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据
Scythi
ans:
warriors
of
ancient
Siberia
部分中的
“14
September
2017
—14
January
2018”
，可知在
2017
年十月份可以去参观
“Scy
thians:
warriors
of
ancient
Siberia”
这
幅作品。故选
B
。
< br>（
3
）考查推理判断。根据短文是对博物馆里的艺术品的
介绍，可知这篇文章可能出现在导
游杂志里。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两
个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下进行逻辑推
理，从而选出正确答案。
7
．
阅读理解
Taking on the task of producing a
short movie might seem like an impossible feat,
but if you
can assemble a good team and
if you break down each stage of production into
small blocks of
tasks, you'll come to
realize that producing a small-scale movie isn't
too bad. Just follow these
steps and
you'll be on your way to Kevin Smith-like fame in
no time.
Assemble a
production crew. If you run out of friends or
people you can get to work for screen
credit, offer people “points”, which is
a percentage of the movie profits.
Get
a
director
of
photography.
You
need
someone
who
knows
a
lot
about
films
cameras
to
make
the movie come out right. Local film schools are
the best place to find them.
Assemble the props and costumes.
Costume shops and local theater groups can
definitely help
you here. But you can
also borrow from friends and family or check out
thrift stores for bargains.
Choose filming locations. Make sure you have
permission from the owners of the property you
choose to film on.
Get the film processed. Find the
right processor with the help of your director of
photography.
You may need to send the
film to Los Angeles for this.
Edit the film. You need to find
someone who can transfer your film to video and
arrange the
completed scenes in the
right order. You can likely find one in the same
place as your director of
photography,
Obviously, this is just a basic
overview
—
the thing about
producing a short independent movie
is
that the whole process is unpredictable. You can
only set yourself up for the basics, but as long
as you know things will go wrong every
day, at least you'll be prepared to deal with the
difficulties.
（
1<
/p>
）
What can we know about
directors of photography?
A. They must be from film schools.
B. They know everything about
films.
C. They can send
films to Los Angeles.
D.
They can help get the right processor.
（
2
）
Whe
re can you most probably find a person to edit the
film?
A. Los
Angeles.
B. Costume shops.
C. Local film schools.
D. Local theaters.
（
3
）
What does
the author agree with?
A. All the process of film-making is
quite controllable.
B. We
should make full preparations
before
film-making.
C. Producing an
independent movie is an impossible task.
D. Following the steps, you must
become a famous director.
（
4
）
What
may be the best title for the text?
A. How to be a good
director B. How to
produce a short film
C.
Secrets of being a successful director
D. Methods of making your film a
hit
【答案】
（
< br>1
）
D
（
2
）
C
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了如何制作短片的流程和需要注意的事项。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的
“Fi
nd
the
right
processor
with
the
help
of
your
director of
photography.”
可知
director of p
hotography
可以帮助找到合适的加工者，故选
D.<
/p>
（
2
）考查细
节理解。根据第三段中的
“You
need
someone
who
knows
a
lot
about
films
cameras t
o
make the movie come out right. Local film schools
are the best place to find them”
可
知在当地的摄影学校比较容易找到摄影导演，故选
C
。
（
3
）考
查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“You
can
only
set
yourself
up
for
the
basics,
but
as
long
as
you
know
things
will
go
wrong
every
day,
at
least
you'll
be
prepared
to
deal
with
the
difficul
ties.”
可知作者认为拍电影之前要为基本的事情做好准备，才能准备好应对遇到的
困
难。故选
B
。
（
4
）考查主旨大意。文中作者介
绍了能帮助拍摄小型电影成功的几个步骤，
B
项：怎样制
作小型电影，能概括全文内容，适合作为标题。故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨
大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科教类阅
读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进
行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
8
．
阅读理解
Castle Dale is a small town in
central Utah. My grandpa's farm is a few miles to
the north. I
grew
up
there.
Milking
a
cow,
feeding
the
chickens
and
cutting
firewood
were
daily
routines.
Grandpa had me
carrying a broom to do snow cleaning when it was
actually taller than I was. This
was
the work kids like me learned to do at a young
age.
I
was
tall,
very
tall
at
a
really
young
age.
My
unusual
height
caused
people
to
look,
ask
questions, laugh, tease, and sometimes
even challenge me to fight. I was teased cruelly
as a kid.
It wasn't fair, I knew, but
that was just the way it was. Luckily, I was
taught at a very young age a
very
important lesson. I am different and that's
Okay
—
I'm unique and I
matter. No one could ever
take that
away from me. I knew this then, and I know this
now. That alone helped me through the
frustrations and heartaches of normal
life.
When I was in
junior high school, I realized something else that
helped me cope. Most teasing
came
from
one
of
two
places
—
people
who
were
either
jealous
or
ignorant
(
愚昧
).
I
couldn't
change
the way they were, but I could change the way I
felt. I was not going to feel bad because
of their ignorance or jealousy. It
wasn't worth it. Realizing this didn't stop them,
or change the
fact that these comments
hurt. It did, however, give me a way to understand
these people and
deal with their
treatment in a way that was okay for
me.
These things still
happen today. It will probably happen the rest of
my life. I will always be 7
feet,
6
inches
(2.29
meters)
tall.
I
wouldn't
change
that
for
anything.
People
will
always
look
because it is not every day that you
see someone that tall. I learned that at a young
age and I
now try to teach my own
children that they are unique and they matter.
That is the message I
give to you.
Regardless of your race, religion, background, or
circumstances ... Being different is
okay.
（
1
）
The
author mentioned his hometown to show us _______.
A. he is from an ordinary
family B. his grandpa is
strict with him
C. he loves
this lovely small town
D. he had to do a lot of labor
work
（
2
）
The
author was often teased because _______.
A. he grew up in a small
town B. he was much
taller than others
C. he
fought with people easily
D. he didn't want people to watch
him
（
3
）
What was the author's attitude towards
being teased?
A.
He
accepted
the
fact
of
being
different
and
let
it
go.
B. He
felt
angry
failing
to
change
others' opinions.
C. He
felt
hurt
hearing
people's
negative
comments.
D. He
hated
people's
ignorance
and
jealousy.
（
4
）
Which
of the following may best describe the theme of
the passage?
A.
Everything comes to the man who waits.
B. It is the first step that is
troublesome.
C. Speech is
silver, silence is gold. D. Keep
your head up.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，讲述了作者从小到大由于身高的特殊性受到了很多
嘲笑和欺辱，但是作者并未此而感到
沮丧．反而认识到不管一个人的种族、宗教、背景或
者所处的环境如何，与众不同也是一
种生活态度。
（
1
< br>）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“ Castle Dale is a
small town in central Utah”Castle Dale
是
“
我
”
的家乡
，然后介绍了
“
我
”
< br>在祖父的农场长大每天做了很多杂事：给奶牛挤奶，喂
鸡、砍柴火等；暗示出从小
我来自于一个普通的家庭，并没有表现出特殊的地方。故选
A
。
（
2
）考查
细节理解。根据第二段中的
“My
unusual
height
caused
people
to
look
，
ask
< br>questions
，
laugh
，
tease
，
and
sometimes
even
challenge
me
to <
/p>
fight
．
”
提到
“
我
”
从
小身高特
别高经常受到周围人的嘲笑。故案选
B
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“I am different and
that's Okay—
I'm unique and I matter.
No
one could ever take that
away from me. I knew this then, and I know this
now. “
可知
“
我
”
自小
虽然与众不同，但是从内心接受自己．以及最后
一段中的
“Regardless
of
your
race,
religion,
background,
or
circumstances ...
Being
different
is
okay.
”
可知，
“
我
”
走自己的路让别人说去
吧！故选
A
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。从整篇文章内容来看，主要描述
“
我
”
从小到大由于身高的原因而与众
不同，并受到
周围人的取笑。但是
“
我
”
并为此感到自卑和沮丧，反而勇敢的接受自己并乐
观地积极面对。
Keep your head up
．
“
把头抬起来
”
形象描述了
< br>“
我
”
的心理状态，符合题意。
故选
D
。
<
/p>
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需<
/p>
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
< br>
9
．
阅读理解
At one time or another
in your life you have probably done origami, even
if it was just making a
paper airplane
or something more complicated like a paper crane.
The chances are that as you
did it, you
reflected on how inventive this traditional art
is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all
can be created from a single square or
rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it.
No cutting,
no pasting.
But
did
you
ever
stop
to
think
how
the
same
techniques
might
be
applied
to
engineering?
Equipment that
could be of real practical use? Origami meets the
demand for things that need to
be
small
when
transported
and
large
when
they
arrive,
like
the
everyday
umbrella.
In
fact,
origami-
inspired creations have already flown in space; in
1995, Japanese engineers launched a
satellite with solar panels that folded
like a map.
'It's now
mathematically proven that you can pretty much
fold anything,
J.
Lang,
who
quit
his
engineering
job eight
years
ago
to
fold
things
full
time.
Lang,
an
origami
enthusiast since age
six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer
the best way to fold an
airbag
into
a
dashboard.
He
is
currently
working
on
a
space
telescope
lens
that,
if
all
goes
according to plan, should be able to
unfold to the size of a football field.
At the other end of the scale,
researchers are also working on tiny folding
devices that could
lead to
breakthroughs in medicine and computing. There's
no doubt that computers of the future
may contain tiny, folded motors or
capacitors for faster processing and better
memory.
Applications for
origami engineering go further than many of us
might imagine.
says MIT's Erik Demaine,
可重构的
) robots that can fold
on their own
from one thing into
another, like Transformers. Too much like science
fiction to be true?
Maybe
—
though you certainly
wouldn't want to bet against it.
（
1
）
What do
we know about origami?
A. It consumes lots of time.
B. It involves interesting ideas.
C. It requires complex techniques.
D. It has to do with cutting and
pasting.
（
2
）
Which of the following is an
application of origami?
A. A space telescope lens can be folded
to the size of an umbrella.
B. A satellite is equipped with solar
panels and a folded map.
C.
An airbag can be better folded into a dashboard of
a car.
D. A future computer
contains many huge folded motors.
（
3
）
What is
Erik Demaine's attitude towards origami
engineering?
A.
Hopeful B. Doubtful.
C. Disapproving. D.
Ambiguous.
（
4
）
In
which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment.
B. Culture.
C. Education.
D. Pop-science.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，折纸是一种具有创造性的传统艺术，而现在它已经
被应用到技术工程领域，人们利用折
纸原理创造出了很多可折叠的装置。折纸工程将在很
大程度上影响未来的医药、计算机和
机器人行业。
（
< br>1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“The
chances
are
that
as
you
did
it,
you
reflected
on
how inventive this
traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers,
boats: it all can be created from a
single square or rectangular sheet of
paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting
.”
可知，折
纸是一个具有创造性的传统艺术，我们不用裁剪或
拼贴，只通过折叠就可以把一张正方形
或者三角形的纸变成动物、纸盒、花、船等东西，
由此推测折纸需要有创造性的和有趣的
想法。故选
B
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“Lang,
an
origami
enthusiast
since
a
ge
six,
advised
a
well-
known ear manufacturer
the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”<
/p>
可知折纸爱好者
Lang
向一位制造商建
议了把安全气囊折叠到仪表盘中的最佳方式。故选
C
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“Applications for
origami engineering go further than
many
of
us
might
imagine”
可知
Erik
Demaine
认为折纸工程的应用远远超出了我们的想象，
由此可推测
Erik Demaine
对折纸
工程的未来充满希望。故选
A
。
（
4
）考查
推理判断。根据第二段中的
“in 1995,
Japanese engineers
launched
a
satellite
with
solar
panels
that
folded
like
a
map.”
；第三段中的
“Lang,
an
origami
enthusiast
since
age
six,
advised
a
advised
well-
known
ear
manufacturer
the
best
way
to
fold
an
airbag
into
a
dashboard.”
；
第四段中的
“There's
no
doubt
that
computers
of
the
future
may
contain
tiny,
folded motors or capacitors for faster
processing and better memory.
”
和第五段中的
“‘Some day,’
says MIT's Erik Demaine, ‘we'll build
reconfigu
rable
(
可重构的
) robots that can fold
on their own
from one thing into
another, like Transformers.’”
可知卫星，安全气囊的
折叠，未来电脑的发展
和未来可重构机器人，这些都和科学技术相关，故推测本文很有可
能出现在报纸的科学板
块。故选
D
。<
/p>
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推
理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进
行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
10
．
阅读理解
One day a very skilled artist met a
beautiful woman who immediately became the object
of his
affections. As he observed her
and spoke with her, he admired her more and more.
He showered
her with kindness and words
of praise until she consented to be his
wife.
Not long after
they were married, however, the beautiful woman
found out that she was more
the object
of his artistic interest than of his affections.
When he admired her classic beauty, it was
as though he were standing in front of
a work of art rather than in front of a human
being to
whom he had pledged his love
and promised his life. And soon he expressed his
great desire to
put her rare beauty on
canvas.
“Please sit for me in the workroom,” he
pleaded, “and I will make your beauty permanent.
The
wor
k will be my
masterpiece!”
She was humble and patient as well as
flattered by his words, so she said, “Yes, my
love. I will
be
happy
to
sit
for
you.”
So
the
beautiful,
young
wife
of
the
artist
sat
meekly
for
hours
in
his
studio, not complaining.
Day after day she sat patiently, smiling as she
posed, because she loved
him
and
because
she
hoped
that
he
would
see
her
love
in
her
smile
and
obedience.
She
sometimes wanted to call out to him,
“Please love me and want me as a person rather
than as an
object!”
But
instead, she spoke nothing but words which pleased
him.
At length, as the
labor drew to close, the painter became wilder in
his passion for his work. He
only
rarely turned his eyes from the canvas to look at
his wife. As he stood there gazing at his
beautiful work of art, he cried with a
loud voice, “
This is indeed life
itself!
” Then he turned to his
beloved and saw that she was
dead!
（
1
）
In
what way did the artist express his appreciation
of his wife's rare beauty?
A. He put her classic beauty on canvas.
B. He promised to marry her.
C. He centered his deep affection on
her.
D. He pledged his love
and promised his life to her.
（
2
）
What can be
inferred from the story?
A. The artist loved his work more than
his wife.
B. The artist didn't
really understand what is
beauty.
C. The
wife was fooled to sacrifice for his art creation.
D. The wife loved his painting more
than herself.
（
3
）
What did the
artist mean by saying “This is indeed life
itself!”
？
A. He appreciated his life
of painting. B. He was grateful to
his wife.
C. His work was
more true to life than life itself.
D. His effort was really worth
it.
（
4
）
What would be the best title for this
passage?
A. A
Well-matched Couple
B. A Devoted Artist
C. A Rare Masterpiece
D. A Stupid Wife
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
A
（
3
）<
/p>
C
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，有一位技艺超群的画家遇到一位美丽的女士，顿生
爱意。他关怀备至，赞不绝口，终于
使她答应嫁给他，婚后不久这位美女就发现，丈夫对
她如此感兴趣却并非爱她，而是欣赏
艺术。画家是一位充满激情、既狂热又郁郁寡欢的
人。他完全沉浸在绘画中的时候便只看
见想看见的东西。他没有发现，尽管她微笑着，她
的身体却在衰弱下去，内心并不快活。
终于这幅画完成时，他却发现妻子死了。
（
< br>1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“And soon
he expressed his great desire to put her rare
beauty
on
canvas.
”
可知过不久他就强烈表示要把她旷古稀世的美画出来。
他想把妻子的倩
影画在画布上永远留在人间，
故选
A
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“When he admired her classic beauty, it
was as though
he were standing in front
of a work of art rather than in front of a human
being to whom he had
pledged
his
love
and
promised
his
life
.”
可知他称赞她身上的古典美，就好像是站在一件艺术
品前欣
赏，而不是把她当做活生生的人，当做他发誓要终生相爱的爱人。
故选
A
。
<
/p>
（
3
）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的
“As he stood there gazing at his
beautiful work of art,
he cried with a
loud voice, ‘This is indeed life itself!’”
< br>。他站在那儿凝视自己创作的艺术珍品，
不仅高声喊道：
“
真的，生命就在这儿！可以推断出这位画家善于运用色彩，他画什么像什
么，甚至超过原样，好像他能在画布上展示生命。
故选
C
。
<
/p>
（
4
）考查主旨大意。根据全文大意。得
知本文讲述了一位技艺超群的画家完全沉浸在绘画
中的时候只看见想看见的东西。他完全
忽视妻子的感受和变化。故选
B
。
<
/p>
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一<
/p>
篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行<
/p>
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
11
．
阅读
理解
The number of
giraffes is becoming smaller across Africa,
according to the Giraffe Conservation
Foundation.
The
total
population
has
dropped
by
40
percent
in
the
last
15
years.
Surprisingly,
even
scientists
haven't
given
much
attention
to
giraffes.
We
are
learning
more
about
their
ecology, but what we know is still way
behind what we know about other species.
extinction,
wonder why hunters would
focus on giraffes. First of all, once a giraffe is
brought down, there is
lots
of
meat
with
a
small
amount
of
effort.
Besides,
there
is
another
thing
encouraging
the
hunting. In Tanzania, Hennessy says,
the latest word on the street is that eating
giraffe meat could
cure AIDS. Fresh
giraffe heads and bones can be sold at prices of
up to $$140 per piece.
Another
widespread
misconception
about
giraffes
is that
they
are everywhere.
Look
at
kids'
books which are full of giraffes. They
are always in zoo collections. They can be seen
easily, so you
don't think we have to
worry about them. But the truth is that they are
in danger of extinction.