【英语】高考英语阅读理解模拟试题
-
【英语】高考英语阅读理解模拟试题
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读理解
A new family moved in next door and
I got to meet the mother of the family, Lydia.
Lydia is
Korean, and her family moved
to our city so her husband could go to graduate
school. We started
talking, and she was
apologetic about how bad her English was, but I
didn't care. I knew how hard
it was to
learn a second language. I enjoyed chatting with
Lydia as we watched our kids play.
It was what came next that
challenged me: Lydia asked if I'd be willing to
help her with her
English. Now, I am
not a teacher. I admire teachers, and I'm grateful
for teachers, and it's because
I admire
what they do so much that I was very very sure
that I couldn't do it myself.
But Lydia was sure that she wanted
my help. I was doubtful. I wasn't sure my
worth
being
called
by
that
name.
But
because
she
asked
me,
I
said
And
that
was
the
beginning
of
a
friendship.
Lydia
and
I
spent
afternoons
sitting
together
and
reading
the
newspaper, and as we did, she asked me
questions when she had them questions about
language,
yes,
but
also
questions
about
the
new
culture
she
found
herself
in.
In
turn,
I
asked
my
own
questions,
growing
curious
about
her
home
country
and
culture.
We
bonded
over
our
shared
faith and our
struggles as mothers of kids with special needs,
When I complimented
（恭维）
her
cooking, she began to teach me about
Korean food, eventually leading to a shared trip
to explore
the Korean grocery stores in
our city. Because of Lydia, 1 learned more about
my own hometown
than I ever could have
learned by myself. I'm still not sure that I'm any
good as a teacher. But I'm
grateful
I
said
when
my
neighbor
asked
me
to
help
her
with
her
English.
That
meant
spending
extra
time
with
my
neighbor,
and
that
extra
time
meant
she
didn't
remain
just
my
neighbor. She became my
friend.
（
1
）
What was Lydia sorry about?
A. Her bad English.
B. Her carelessness.
C. Nobody teaching her English.
D. Her poor life in a new place.
（
2
）
What can
be concluded from the third paragraph?
A. The author admired
teachers.
B.
The author wanted to be a teacher.
C. The author didn't want to help
Lydia. D. The author was not confident
in helping Lydia.
（
3
）
Why
was the author grateful at the last paragraph?
A. She managed to learn
English well. B. She made friends
with her neighbor.
C. She
learned how to cook Korean food.
D. She realized her dream of being a
teacher.
（
4
）
What can we learn from the
passage?
A. No
pains, no gains.
B. A friend in need is a friend
indeed.
C. To help others is
to help ourselves.
D.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2<
/p>
）
D
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，作者在帮助新搬来的邻居学习英语时，感受到了快
乐和收获，并且和邻居成为了好朋友
。
（
1
）考
查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“We started talking, and
she was apologetic about how
bad her
English was,”
可知，
Lydia
遗憾的是她的英语不好。故选
A
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第三
段中的
“But
Lydia
was
su
re
that
she
wanted
my
help.
I
was
doubtful. I wasn't sure my‘help’ was
even worth being called by that name.”
可
知作者没有信心
帮助
Lydia
。故选
D
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的
“B
ut I'm grateful I said
me
to
help
her
with
her
English.
That
meant
spending
extra
time
with
my
neighbor,
and
that
extra time meant she
didn't remain just my neighbor.”
可知，作者之所
以感激是因为她与她的
邻居成了朋友。故选
B
< br>。
（
4
）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的
“That
meant
spending
extra
time
with
my
neighbor,
and that extra
time meant she didn't remain just my neighbor. She
bec
ame my friend”
可知，帮
助别人也就是帮助自己。故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故
事类阅
读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确
答案。
2
．
阅读理解
You can see a sea turtle named
Herman, an octopus (
章鱼
)
called Octavia, and a seal named
Lidia
at
the
Smithsonian's
National
Zoo
in
Washington,
D.C. Rather
than
real
animals,
they are
actually artworks made out of plastic
trash from the ocean.
These artworks are part of a traveling exhibit
called
Washed
Ashore
project,
led
by
the
artist
called
Pozzi,
works
to
raise
awareness
about
plastic
pollution in Earth's oceans.
More than 315 billion pounds of
plastic litter the world's oceans today. Most of
the plastic is
garbage from towns and
cities, as well as trash that people leave on
beaches. Rainwater, winds,
and high
tides bring the trash into the ocean or into
rivers that lead to the ocean. Once it is under
the waves, the plastic begins to break
up into smaller and smaller pieces.
Thousands of sea animals die each
year from eating plastic bags and other things.
Each year,
millions more pounds of
plastic end up in the ocean. A recent study found
that if that continues,
by 2050 the
total weight of plastic will be more than that of
all the fish in the ocean.
The
Washed
Ashore
project
is
working
to
stop
that
from
happening.
Since
2010,
Washed
Ashore
volunteers
have
collected
38,000
pounds
of
plastic
trash
from
more
than
300
miles
of
beaches.
They
helped
Pozzi
create
more
than
60
artworks
of
sea
creatures
harmed
by
plastic
pollution.
artworks
are
a
powerful
reminder
of
our
personal
role
and
global
responsibility
in
preserving biodiversity
(
生物多样性
) on land and in the
sea,
National Zoo.
（
1
）
What is the
purpose of the artworks shown at the Smithsonian's
National Zoo?
A.
To
let
people
know
about
animals
in
the
ocean.
B. To
introduce
one
way
of
recycling
plastic trash.
C.
To warn people of plastic pollution in the ocean.
D. To show Pozzi's great gift for
creating
artworks.
（
2
）
According to
the passage, what is the source of plastic
pollution in the ocean?
A. Garbage from towns and cities.
B. Trash left on beaches by
people.
C. Plastic bags
broken up by waves.
D. Litter created by human
activities.
（
3
）
The
data in Paragraph 5 is given to prove that .
A. plastic
pollution
will
be
more
serious
in
the
ocean
B. more
and
more
artworks
of
sea
creatures will be made
C. the
Washed
Ashore
project
has
made
great
achievements
D.
volunteers
can
solve
the
ocean pollution
successfully by 2050
（
4
）
What's Dennis Kelly's
attitude towards the artworks?
A. Worried.
B. Supportive. C. Doubtful.
D. Unconcerned.
（
5
）
What would be the best
title for the text?
A. Turning Trash into Art
B. Working for Washed Ashore
C. Collecting Plastic Trash
D. Stopping Environmental Pollution
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
C
< br>（
4
）
B
（
5
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，
Pozzi
用垃圾雕塑了海洋动物，来提醒全球的人们去
保护海洋，禁止人们朝海洋扔垃圾。
（<
/p>
1
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“
These
artworks
are
a
powerful
reminder
of
our
personal role and global responsibility
in preserving biodiversity on land and
i
n the sea.”
可知这
些艺
术品展示了人们在海洋生物多样性保护中的个人作用。即：警醒人民注意海洋中的塑
料污
染。故选
C
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
“
More
than
315billion
pounds
of
plastic
litter
the
world's oceans,today.
Most of the plastic is garbage from towns and
cities, as well as trash that
people
leave on beaches.”
可知海洋中的塑料垃圾主要是由人类活动所产生
的垃圾。故选
D
。
< br>（
3
）考查推理判断。根据第五段中所列的数字信息可以
证明：该项目最近几年在清理海洋
垃圾中所做的巨大成绩（已有
3800
吨垃圾被清理）。故选
C
。<
/p>
（
4
）考查观
点态度。根据最后一段中的
“These
artworks
are
a
powerful
reminder
of
our
personal
role and global responsibility in preserving
biodiversity on land and in the
sea.”
其中关
键信息
“powerful
reminder”
可知这些艺术品是人们在保护海洋中所起作用的有力证明，故
选
B
。
（
5
）考查主旨大意。本文是通过把海洋中的塑料垃圾变成艺术品以唤醒人们的海洋保护意
识。故选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，观点态度和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答<
/p>
案。
3
．
阅读理解
Education
is
not
a
bystanders
sport.
Numerous
researchers
have
shown
that
when
students
participate
in
classroom
discussion
they
hold
more
positive
attitudes
toward
school,
and
that
positive
attitudes
promote
learning.
It
is
no
coincidence
that
girls
are
more
passive
in
the
classroom discussion and
score lower than boys on SATs.
We found that at all grade levels
in all communities
and in all subject
areas boys controlled
classroom
communication.
They
participated
in
more
interactions
than
girls
did,
and
their
participation became greater as the
year went on.
Our
research
contradicted
the
traditional
assumption
that
girls
control
classroom
communication in reading while boys in
math. We found that whether the subject was
language
arts and English or math and
science, boys got more than their fair share of
teacher attention.
That teachers talk
more to male students is simply because boys are
more aggressive in grabbing
their
attention by calling out answers to the teachers'
questions first. While girls sit patiently with
their hands raised or keep silent.
Psychologist Lisa Serbin and O'Leary, then at the
state
university of New York at stony
brook studied classroom interaction at preschool
level and found
that teachers gave boys
more attention, praised them more often and were
at least twice as likely
to have
extended conversations with them.
Years of experience have shown that
the best way to learn something is to do it
yourself. It is
also important to give
students specific and direct feedback about the
quality of their work and
answers.
Teachers behave differently depending on whether
boys or girls are active to provide
answers during discussions. During
classroom discussion, teachers in our study
reacted to boys
answers
with
powerful,
precise
and
effective
responses,
while
they
often
gave
girls
mild
and
unclear reactions because of their
silence. Too often, girls remain in the dark about
the quality of
their answers. Active
students receiving precise feedback are more
likely to achieve academically.
And
they are more likely to be boys.
This
kind
of
communication
game
is
played
at
work,
as
well
as
at
school.
As
reported
in
numerous studies, it goes like
this.
Men speak more
often and frequently interrupt women.
Listeners recall more from male
speakers than from female speakers, even when both
use a
similar speaking style and cover
the same content.
Women
participate less actively in conversation. They do
more smiling and gazing, and they are
more often the passive by standers in
professional and social conversations among
peers.
Women
often
their
own
statements
into
unsure
comments.
This
is
accomplished
by
using
qualifiers and by
adding tag question. These uncertain patterns
weaken impact and signal a lack
of
power and influence.
Only
when
girls
are
active
and
treated
equally
in
the
classroom
will
they
be
more
likely
to
achieve equality in the
workplace.
（
1
）
What does the authors mean when
they say“Education is not a bystanders sport.”?
A. Both boys and girls
should do more sports.
B. The
girl students should be the audience to
watch the boy students'
discussions.
C. The boy
students should not be too active in the classroom
discussions.
D. Both boy and
girl students should take an active
part in the classroom discussions.
（
2
）
Which
of the following is Not true?
A. Girls' scores are lower
than boys on SATs.
B. Girls
control classroom discussion in reading
while boys in maths.
C. Boys control classroom discussion in
both reading and maths.
D. Boys
are more confident
in calling out
answers to catching the teachers'
attention.
（
3
）
The
factors
that
contribute
to
the
students'
effective
learning
are
the
following
except__________.
A. The
students
can
take
an
active
part
in
the
classroom
discussion
B. The
students
do
it
themselves
C.
Teachers
can
give
students
specific
and
direct
feedback
the
quality
of
their
work
and
answers
D. Students transform their own
statements into uncertain comments
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文
，论述了教育不是旁观者的活动。要想学有所获，必
须积极参与其中互动。男生比女生更
加积极地参与课堂互动，因此获得老师更多的直接指
导，这使得他们的能力得到培养，个
性也得到张扬，所以在今后的职场中也能够站统领地
位。女性要想获得同等的地位，应该
从积极参与课堂互动开始。
（
1
）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，许多研究表明，当学生参与课堂讨论时，他们对上学
持更积极的态度，积极的态度促进学习。女生在课堂讨论中更被动，在
SAT
考试中得分低
于男生，这不是巧合。因此推断作者说
“
教育不是旁观者的活动
”
是为了表明男孩和女孩都
应该积极参与课堂讨论。故选
D
。
（
2<
/p>
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“Our
research
contradicted
the
traditional
assumption
that
girls
control
classroom
communication
in
reading
while
boys
in
math.
We
found
that
whether the subject was language arts
and English or math and science, boys got more
than their
fair
share
of
teacher
attent
ion.”
可知，我们的研究违背了传统的假设，即女孩在阅读中控制
< br>课堂交流，而男孩在数学中控制课堂交流。我们发现，无论是语言艺术和英语，还是数学
< br>和科学，男孩在教师的注意力中所占的份额都超过了他们的平均水平。因此女孩在阅读中
< br>控制课堂交流，而男孩在数学中控制课堂交流的说法是错误的。故选
B
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“Numerous
researchers have shown that when students
participate
in
classroom
discussion
they
hold
more
positive
attitudes
toward
school,
and
that
positive
attitudes
promote
learning.”
可知，
A
项<
/p>
“
学生们能够积极参与课堂讨论
”
是对的；根
据第四段的
“Years
of
experience
have
shown
that
the
best
way
to
learn
something
is
to
do
it
yourself.
It
is
also
important
to
give
students
specific
and
direct feedback
about
the
quality
of
their work and answers. ”
可知，多年的经验表明，最好的学习方法是自己去做。给学生关于
他们的工作和答案的质量的具体而直接的反馈也是很重要的。
故
B
、
C
都
是有利的因素；
而
D
项
“
学生们将自己的陈述转化为不确定的评论
”
文章中没有提到。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的
考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从
而选出正确答案。
4
．
阅读理解
When I was a child, our
dining room had two kinds of chairs
—
two large ones with arm
rests
and four small ones without. The
larger ones stood at the ends of the table, the
smaller ones on
the sides. Mom and Dad
sat in the big chairs, except when one of us was
away; then Mom would
sit
in
one
of
the
smaller
chairs.
Dad
always
sat
at
the
end,
at
the
of
the
table.
Sitting
where
he
did,
Dad was
framed
by
the window
through
which
the
yard
could
be seen
with
its
trees
and grass. His chair was not just a place for him
at table; it was a place in which he was
situated against the yard and the
trees. It was the
holy(
神圣的
)and protected place
that was his,
and ours through
him.
After Dad retired,
he and Mom moved out into a small flat. When thy
came to visit me at their
old house,
Dad still sat at the end of the table though the
table was no longer his but mine. Only
with
my
marriage
to
Barbara,
did
I
hear
a
voice
questioning
the
arrangement.
She
requested,
gently but firmly, that I sit at the
head of the table in our home. I realized then
that I was head of
the family, but I
also felt unwilling to introduce such a change.
How would I feel sitting in that
place
in
my
Dad's
presence?
And
how
would
he
handle
it?
I
was
to
find
out
on
the
occasion
of our youngest child's first birthday.
Mom and Dad arrived for lunch, and
went into the dining room. Dad moved toward his
usual
seat in front of the window.
Before he could get around the side of the table,
I took a deep breath
and said,
me and then sat down. I felt sad, and
angry at Barbara for pushing me to do this. It
would have
been easy to say,
When he and Mom were
seated, Barbara and I took our places. I don't
know how Dad felt. I do
know
that,
though
removed
from
his
usual
place,
he
continued
to
share
his
best
self
with
us,
telling stories of his childhood and
youth to the delight of his grandchildren. As I
served the food,
our lives experienced
a change, which we continue to live
with.
It wasn't easy,
but I sense that there is also something good in
the change which has occurred. I
am
beginning to learn that
occupy at the
dining table. It also means listening, wherever we
sit and whatever positions we
own, to
the stories Dad longs to tell. We may then, during
these magical moments, even be able
to
forget about whose chair is whose.
（
1
）
Why
did Dad always sit in the big chair at the end of
the table before he retired?
e the chair was large
enough for him.
e sitting
there he could see the trees and grass in the
yard.
e it was the holy seat
for the head of the family.
e the chair was comfortable with arm
rests.
（
2
< br>）
What do we know from the second
paragraph?
writer's parents moved out because the house was
too old.
writer didn't want
to hurt his father’s feelings.
writer's wife was rude to his
parents.
writer didn't dare
to refuse his wife's request.
（
3
）
Which of the
following is true according to the passage?
felt upset after being
removed from his usual place.
writer was satisfied with the new
seating arrangement.
continued to tell stories to cover his
embarrassment.
didn't
appear to mind where he sat.
（
4
）
What does the
writer intend to tell us?
ting Dad is more than the question of
dining seat.
is not easy to
go against parents' wishes.
twice before you act.
coin
has two sides.
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（<
/p>
2
）
B
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙，
通过讲述作者和父亲餐厅座位的变化告诉我们尊重父
母并不在于餐厅的座位，而是快乐相
处。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“His chair
was not just a place for him at table; it was a
place
in
which
he
was
situated
against
the
yard
and
the
trees.
It
was
the
holy(
神圣的）
and
protected place that was his, and ours
through him.”
可知父亲的餐桌位置不仅是靠着院子和树
< br>林的地方，还是一个一家之主神圣和受保护的地方。所以为什么爸爸在退休前总是坐在桌
< br>子尽头的大椅子上是因为那是一家之主的圣座。故选
C
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“I realized
then that I was head of the family, but I also
felt
unwilling
to
introduce
such
a
change.
How
would
I
feel
sitting
in
that
place
in
my
Dad's presence? And how
would he handle it?”
可知作者成为一家之主后，不愿意占据父亲
原
来一家之主的神圣座位。所以判断出作者不想伤害父亲的感情。故选
< br>B
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“Before he could get around the side of the
table, I took
a deep breath and
said, ‘Dad, this is going to be your
place, next to Mom, on the side.’He stopped,
looked at me and then sat
down.
和第四段
though removed from
his usual place, he continued to
share
his
best
self
with
us,
telling
stories
of
his
childhood
and
youth
to
the
delight
of
his
grandchildren.”
可知作者让父亲坐在边上后，父亲
似乎并没表现出介意坐在哪里，仍然和我
们说笑，给孩子们讲他孩时和年轻时的故事。故
选
D
。
<
/p>
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“I am beginning to learn that ‘honoring
one's father’
is more than the question
of which place to occupy at the dining table. It
also means listening,
wherever we sit
and whatever positions we own, to the stories Dad
longs to tell We may then,
during these
magical moments, even be able to forget about
whose chair is whose.”
可知作者开
始
认识到
“
孝敬父亲
”
< br>不仅仅是在餐桌上占据什么位置的问题。无论坐在哪里，无论坐什么
位置，我们都
会倾听爸爸渴望告诉我们的故事。所以作者想告诉我们
“
孝敬父
亲
”
，不仅仅
是在餐桌上占据什么位置
的问题。故选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，
是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出
正确答案。
5
．
阅读理解
Traditional
Chinese
medicine
(TCM)
is
gaining
global
popularity.
According
to
a
government
white paper, TCM
has been introduced in 183 countries and regions
around the world.
Westerners'
understanding
of
TCM,
however,
may
be
limited
to
acupuncture,
cupping
and
massa
ge(
针灸，拔罐和按摩
). For instance,
the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S.
swimmer
Michael
Phelps
，
back from
cupping
for
the
purpose
of
relaxing
his
muscles and reducing
pain
became the center of attention during
the Rio Olympics in 2016.
As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more
important role in getting rid of diseases and
keeping the body in good condition in
the TCM treatment system than physical treatment.
It is
therefore
disheartening
to
know
that
while
103
World
Health
Organization
member
countries
have given
approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many
recognize Chinese herbal medicine.
TCM
falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to
the slow development of Chinese herbs.
Herbs
are
made
into
pills,
powder
and
soup,
and
the
kind
of
herbs
used,
their
quality
and
quantity,
and
the
processing
of
the
ingredients
(
原材料
)
jointly
determine
the
effectiveness
of
the
prescription.
Compared
with
Western
medicine,
which
has
standardized
drug
production
processes
and
treatment
methods,
TCM
lacks
standardization,
with
the
chemical
composition
and
functions
of
its
medicines
being
unclear
and
their
effects
being
unstable.
Fortunately,
standardization
has
improved
in
recent
decades,
with
an
increasing
number
of
factories
producing patented TCM
drugs.
Another factor
that has prevented the development of TCM
prescription drugs is the lack of
creativity.
While
Western
medicine-making
companies
come
up
with
new
products
every
year,
TCM
drug producers tend to make medicines according to
prescriptions handed down from the
past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's
winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or
Medicine for her
research
into
malaria
(
疟疾
)
treatment
may
drive
creativity
to
some
extent
in
China's
TCM
industry. However, the current state of
affairs cannot be changed within a short
time.
（
1
）
Why
does the author mention the example of Michael
Phelps?
A.
Because he was injured in his swimming.
B. Because cupping is a kind of
important TCM
treatment.
C. Because
westerners
know
a
little
about
TCM.
D. Because
westerners
attach
great
importance to TCM.
（
2
）
Why
don't some member countries of WHO recognize
Chinese herbal medicine?
A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of
diseases.
B. Because they only
approve the practice
of
acupuncture.
C. Because
Western
medicine
is
more
effective.
D. Because
medicine
made
out
of
Chinese
herbs develops
slowly.
（
3
）
Compared with Western medicine,
what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4?
A. The methods of planting
herbs. B. The effectiveness
of prescription.
C. Lacking
in standardization.
D. Its stable functions.
（
4
）
The
lack of creativity in TCM refers to the fact that
________.