高三英语阅读理解试题经典及解析
-
高三英语阅读理解试题经典及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读理解
When was
the
last
time
you
used
plastic
plates?
Next
time,
why
not
try
some edible
ones?
You'll help the
environment and your guests won't go hungry.
and
saw
a
lot
of
money
being
thrown
away.
I
thought
that
was
criminal,
so
I
decided
to
do
something about it,
Now, Vicentini has an amazing range
of edible plates for schools. The plates are made
out of
bread
dough,
so you
can eat
them
afterwards.
dishes
cost
a few
pennies each
and
are
either
eaten
by
the
kids,
or
go
into
recycling
bins
for
animal
food,
explained Vicentini,
50,
of
Milan.
But
now
other
companies
are
developing
edible
plates,
too.
The
Edible-Plate
Company
offers
edible
plates,
bowls,
trays
and
cups.
Their
products
are
environmentally-
friendly,
100%
biodegradable
and can be used for all types of catering and home
use. And they're made from a
natural
plant. After use, they can be fed to animals or
left to degrade naturally.
They also have a range of
cutlery
（餐具）
made from corn
and potato starch
（淀粉）
. These
plates will also help reduce the amount
of plastic; we create. Waste from plastic causes a
lot of
damage
to
the
environment,
as
well
as
costing
governments
millions
m
waste
management.
Plastic bags
often end up in landfill sites or on the street.
And the burning of plastic waste causes
toxic gases that pollute the air. In
response to this, governments around the world are
introducing
tough recycling
regulations. And many shops are offering
biodegradable plastic bags and eco-safe
packaging on their products. To help
matters, the International Organization for
Standardization
(the
ISO)
has
also
developed
a
system
to
evaluate
the
biodegradability
of
products,
with
a
certification and logo scheme,
Meanwhile, how about a nice plate for
lunch?
（
1
< br>）
Which of the following is not the
advantage of edible plates?
A. They are expensive.
B. They can degrade naturally.
C. They are environmentally-friendly.
D. They are made from natural
plant.
（
2
< br>）
Which of the following statements
is true?
A.
Tiziano is from Germany.
B. Edible plates are only used for school
catering.
C. Corn and potato
starch can be used to make cutlery.
D. The Edible Plate Company doesn't
produce edible bowls.
（
3
）
What does
the underlined word
A. The
air pollution.
B. The edible cutlery.
C.
The
toxic
gases
caused
by
the
burning
of
plastic.
D. The
damage
to
the
environment
caused by
plastic waste.
（
4
）
What is the main idea of
this passage?
A.
The measures to stop the pollution.
B. The ways to reduce the plastic
waste.
C. How
to
make
edible
plates
from
natural
plants. .
D. The
plate
solution
to
eating
and
environmental problem.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
C
（
< br>3
）
D
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了饮食和环境的问题，并且提出了相应的解决
方法。
<
/p>
（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的<
/p>
“Their
products
are
environmentally
-friendly,
100%
biodegradable and can
be used for all types of catering and home use.
And they're made from a
natural plant.
After use, they can be fed to animals or left to
degrade naturally.”
可知，
“
昂贵
”
不
是
edible plates
的优势。故选
A
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“They also have a
ran
ge of
cutlery
（餐具）
made from
corn and potato starch
（淀粉）．<
/p>
”
可知，玉米和马铃薯淀粉可用于制作餐具。故选
C
。
（
3
）考查代词指代。根据第三段中的
“Waste
from
plastic
causes
a
lot
of
damage
to
the
environment, as well as
costing governments millions m waste management.
Plastic bags often
end up in landfill
sites or on the street. And the burning of plastic
waste causes toxic gases that
pollute
the air. In response to this, governments around
the world are introducing tough recycling
regulations.”
塑料垃圾对环境造成了很大的破
坏，同时也给政府带来了数百万的垃圾管理。
塑料袋经常会出现在垃圾填埋场或街道上。
而燃烧的塑料垃圾会导致有毒气体污染空气。
作为对此的回应，世界各国政府正在出台严
格的回收法规。由此可知
this
指的是
“
塑料垃圾
对环境造成的破坏。
”<
/p>
故选
D
。
（
4
）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的
“When was
the
last
time
you
used
plastic
plates?
Next
time,
why
not
try
some
edible
ones?
You'll
help
the
environment
and
your
guests
won't
go
hungry.
可知，本文讲述
的是饮食和环境问题的解决方案。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，代词指代和主旨大意四个题型的考查
，是一
篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括
归纳，
从而选出正确答案。
2
．
阅读理解
Someone sent me an email urging me
to acquire a lot more resources, suggesting could
do so
much
more
good
if
I
had
an
8
or
9
figure
net
income
of
6
like
I've
been
doing
for
years.
He
claimed
to have acquired a great deal of wealth himself
and found it highly beneficial to fueling
his path with a heart.
As I consider his suggestion, I
find myself not having much
clarity(
清晰的思维
)as to what I'd
do
with
I
million
or
10
million
more
money
flowing
through
my
life.
I
put
so
much
attention
on
creativity, fulfillment, exploration,
relationships, etc. that I find it difficult to
intelligently imagine
how more
financial resources could provide extra fuel for
that, except in small ways or in ways
that aren't particularly meaningful to
me.
Lately I've been
considering what it would be like to deliberately
reduce my income for a while
and see if
I could live on much
less
，
just for the
experience. What if I capped my net personal
income at $$10,000 per year, for
instance? That isn't such a big deal to me,
though, since I already
went through a
period of low income like that during the 1990s,
and I learned that I could still do
what I love regardless of
income.
I've never
worked in a business environment-the only job I've
ever had was working for $$6
/hour
in a video game store while I was in
college. So I've never seen how larger operations
allocate
resources. That's probably why
I haven't pushed myself to acquire more. As I
mentioned in my
book.
Money
and
Your
Path
With
a
Heart
，
my
main
financial
goal
in
life
was
to
make
money
irrelevant in my
life.
I'm not interested
in building an empire. What interests me is
exploring personal growth and
sharing
what I learn along the way. In some ways I feel
that acquiring and acquiring and allocating
more resources could become a big
distraction. I'm already doing what I want to be
doing, so why
rick
distracting
myself
to
acquire
more
resources,
especially
when
I
lack
the
idea
about
how
I
should
treat
such
resources?
I
like
having
freedom
and
flexibility
，
and
I
don't
really
see
how
more
resources would meaningfully improve
that.
（
1
）
Why
did the man email the author?
A. To ask the author to
fuel his path. B. To lend some
money to the author.
C. To
share his opinion about wealth. D.
To urge the author to earn more money.
（
2
）
Whi
ch of the following can describe the author's
personality?
A.
Optimistic and devoted.
B. Independent and
cooperative.
C. Unfortunate
but positive.
D. Wealthy but hardhearted.
（
3
）
Wha
t does the underlined word
A. Limited
B. Spent
C. Increased
D. Distributed
（
4
）
The
following are true EXCEPTA________.
A. the author might be a
professional writer
B. the
author is good at designing video games
C. the author is interested in
exploring his personal growth
D. the author might be a person
who likes sharing his
knowledge
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
< br>A
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文，
论述了若拥有百倍于现在的资源，你会如何提升个人
生活？
<
/p>
（
1
）考查细节理解。答根据第一段中的
“Someone
sent
me
an
email
urging
me
to
acquire
a
lot more resources,
suggesting could do so much more good if I had an
8 or 9 figure net income
of 6 like I've
been doing for years.”
可知有人给我发了封邮件，力劝我获得
更多财富资源，故
选
D
。
（
2
）考查推理判断。第
三段谈到最近我一直在考虑，如果有意减少个人收入一段时间，会
是什么样子。我只想经
历这种体验。看自己能否在收入少的情况下好好生活。比如把个人
年收入减少到
1
万美元，自己将如何生活。不过这对我来说也不算什么问题。因为在上
世
纪
90
年代，我有过一段这种低收入
生活时期，而且我已经学到，不管收入如何，仍旧可以
做自己喜爱的事情。由此可推断出
作者是一位乐观且专注的人，故选
A
。
（
3
）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的
“That isn't such a big deal to me,
though, since I already
went through a
period of low income like that during the 1990s”
在上世纪
90
年代，我有过一
段这种低收入生活时期，由此推断出
What if I capped
my net personal income at $$10,000 per
year, for instance?
意思是把个人年收入
减少到
1
万美元。
“capped”<
/p>
意思是限定，故选
A
。
< br>
（
4
）考查细节理解。根据倒
数第二段中的
“As I mentioned in my book.”
可推知作者可能是一
名作家，故
A
选项正确；根据最后一段中的
“What
interests
me
is
exploring
personal
growth
and
sharing what I learn along the way.”
可知真
正令作者感兴趣的是探索个人成长，并与人一
路分享自己所学，由此可知
C
和
D
正确，故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点
涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅
读，要求考生准确
掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选
出正确答案。
3
．
阅读理解
When I was three years
old, I couldn't speak. It was a strange reality
that none of the doctors I
visited
could understand.
One
day, I was shadowing(
跟随
)my
mother. She found herself looking in a mirror, and
through
it our eyes met. She began to
speak to me through the reflection, and I slowly
began to
mimic(
模
仿
)her
mouth's movements until I formed a
word.
It
turned
out
I'm
deaf
in
my
left
ear,
and
have
a
slight
problem
in
my
right.
Being
hard
of
hearing has been
difficult, but I've never lived in a state of
self-hating sorrow.
Imagine being able to shut out all sound as you
lay your head down to sleep by simply rolling
over onto one side. That's my reality
when I sleep on my
superhero
sometimes.
People call
my deaf side my
of features that some
other deaf people don't. In cinemas, for example,
with one click of a button
I can enjoy
a whole film as though it were whispered to me
from the mouths of the actors.
Owning a hearing aid hasn't always
felt good, however. On the first day I got my aid,
when I was
eight, I took it to school
for show-and-tell. As I explained how it worked to
my classmates, a boy
yelled out,
get over that sense of being so unlike
my peers.
But it's not
just school kids who can make us deaf and hard-of-
hearing people feel like burdens.
Every
video on social media that lacks
subtitles(
字幕
), for example,
means an entire community
of deaf
people is unable to enjoy it. Completely deaf
people are excluded from enjoying many
movies too, as subtitles in cinemas are
almost impossible to find.
And with hearing aids costing around $$2,500 each,
it can be hard for many people to afford to
be able to listen to the things that
others take for granted. As for me, I can listen
to music, enjoy
films,
and
catch
conversations
–
I'm
lucky.
I'm
deaf,
but
I
can
still
hear
everything.
I've
been
blessed with
wonderful
life experiences,
and
I
am
human.
And
when
it
comes
to
sleeping,
I'm
even superhuman.
（
1
）
How
does the author view his hearing difficulty?
's a disaster and causes
him a lot of trouble.
gave
him a chance to experience something
special.
made him feel
embarrassed in front of his classmates.
helped him to live in his own world
without being interrupted.
（
2
）
What can be
inferred from the passage about the author?
was born deaf.
is optimistic and helpful.
hearing aid brings convenience to his
daily life.
family and
classmates have supported him a lot.
（
3
）
What
is the author's attitude toward his
life
？
d.
s.
ul.
ointed.
（
< br>4
）
What is the author's
main purpose in writing the article?
give advice on life to
disabled people.
show how
difficult life is for disabled people.
show the convenience a hearing aid
could bring.
share his
experience of treating a disadvantage with
gratitude.
【答案】
<
/p>
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
C
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，作者天生有听力障碍，但是他却乐观地对待自己的
缺陷，想办法让自己的生活充满了快
乐。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据作者对自己日常生活
的
描述，可知作者的听力障碍让他有
机会
经历了一些特殊的事情，故选
B
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的
“And with
hearing aids costing around $$2,500 each, it
can
be
hard
for
many
people
to
afford
to
be
able
to
listen
to
the
things
that
others
take
for
granted. As for me, I can listen to
music, enjoy films, and catch conversations
–
I'm lucky.”
对我来
说，我可以听音乐，欣赏电影，捕捉对话
——
我很幸运。可知助听器给他的日常生活带来
了方便，故选<
/p>
C
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的
“I've
been
blessed
with
wonderful
life
experiences,
and I am human.”
可知作者对生活充满感激，
故选
C
。
（
4
）考查写作意图。纵观全文可知，
本文讲述了作者天生有听力障碍，但是他却乐观地
对待自己的缺陷，想办法让自己的生活
充满了快乐，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是以感激
的心情分享他对待劣势的经验，故选<
/p>
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和写作意图两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4
．
阅读理解
Mexico sites on an island plateau
(
高原
) surrounded by volcanic
peaks, which makes air quality
a
constant concern for people who live
there.
In April, the
country took a decisive step toward improving air
quality by enacting a temporary
ban on
private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule
forbids people from driving in
the city
one day each week and one Saturday each
month. Electric vehicles, government service
vehicles,
public transport options and
school buses are not included in the
ban.
Mexico City isn't
the first urban center to be involved in car-free
living. But the ban is more
than an
awareness-raiser. It was enacted with the direct
aim of solving air pollution. In March, the
city sank into a deep brown haze of
smog when the pollution levels passed the 200
mark. The city
ordered some 1.1m of the
area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered
free bus and subway
rides.
Mexico City's temporary vehicle ban
raises questions about the best ways to improve
urban air
quality.
India,
whose
citizens
breathe
some
of
the
world's
dirtiest
air,
has
tried
a
variety
of
solutions. Earlier this
year, the Indian government started a 4% sales tax
on new-car purchases.
Beijing
also
has
experience
with
cleaning
the
air.
The
city
introduced
alternate-day
rules
in
advance
of the 2008 Olympic Games, which produced good
results. And then there is the London
congestion
(
拥挤
)
charge,
introduced
in
2003.
The
charge
has
had
a
measurable
effect
on
air
quality.
For now,
Mexico City
—
named by the
United Nations as the most polluted city on the
planet in
1992
—
can look forward to the start of the region's
rainy season, when daily showers will help lo
clean the air.
（
1
）
How
did Mexico ban vehicles in the city?
A. By
banning
private
and
Federal
vehicles
one
day
a
week.
B. By
forbidding
private
and
public vehicles every
Saturday.
C. By limiting the
number of new cars. D. By
prohibiting the vehicles except public
ones.
（
2
）
What did the government of Mexico do
when carrying out the ban on vehicles?
A. Raised the number of
public vehicles. B. Offered free bus
and subway rides.
C.
Introduced more travel options.
D. Encouraged citizens to leave the
city.
（
3
）
What may contribute to improving the
air quality in Mexico?
A. Alternate-day rules. B. Tax
rises. C. Congestion charge. D.
The rainy season.
（
4
）
What's the best title
for the passage?
A. Mexico
—
an
Island Plateau B. A
Variety of Bans on Vehicles in Mexico
C. Should Cities Be Car-free Zones
D. How to Improve Air
Quality
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
B
< br>
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，墨西哥墨西哥政府为了提高空气质量，在实施车辆
禁令时提供免费巴士和地铁。他们希
望城市应该是无车区。
(1)
考查细
节理解。根据第二段中的
“In April, the country took
a decisive step toward improving
air
quality
by
enacting
a
temporary
ban
on
private
and
Federal
vehicles
in
the
city.
The
rule
forbids
people from driving in the city one day each week
and one Saturday each month.”
可知，
墨西哥是通过每周有一天禁止私人和联邦车辆来禁止车辆进入城市的。故选
A<
/p>
。
(2)
考查
细节理解。根据第三段中的
“The city ordered some 1.1m
of the area's 4.7m cars
off the
streets and also offered free bus and
subway rides.”
可知，墨西哥政府在实施车辆禁令时提供
免费巴士和地铁。故选
B
。
(3)
考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段最中的
< br>“The
charge
has
had
a
measurable
effect
on
air
quality.”
可知，拥挤费有助于改善墨西哥的空气质量。故选
D
。
(4)
考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的
“For now,
Mexico City —
named by the United
Nations as
the most polluted city on
the planet in 1992
—
can
look forward to the start of the region's rainy
season, when daily showers will help lo
clean the air.”
可知，城市应该是无车区。故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理
解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅
读，考生需要准确掌握细节信
息，并根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，选出正确
答案。
5
．
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
）中，选出最佳选项。
It's almost camp season!
Summer is wonderful. Summer at one
of the following awesome camps? Even more
wonderful.
Tahosa High
Adventure Base
Location:
Ward, Colorado
People
puzzle: Tahosa's ropes courses are some of the
nation's best. Use your hands, feet and
brains to take up high-flying
challenges and overcome your fears. Fly fishing at
9,000 feet? Yes.
Fishing licenses or
experience needed? No, sir!
Choose your adventure: Go all-inclusive, where the
staff prepares meals and runs the program,
or take control and plan your perfect
week. The choice is yours.
Camp Raymond
Location: Parks, Arizona
Don't
look
down:
When
looking
up
at
the
stars,
light
pollution
is
your
enemy.
But
Camp
Raymond's
location
and
elevation
(
海拔
)
of
6,700
feet
offer
perfect
conditions
for
seeing
otherwise invisible
stars.
That's cool:
Don't forget your camera and a jacket. During the
day, you could spot bears and
deer. At
night, temperatures can fall sharply. Hot cocoa at
summer camp? Cool.
Pamlico
Sea Base
Location:
Blounts Creek, North Carolina.
Go coastal: Explore the Carolina
coast by boat. You choose the route, and Pamlico
provides the
equipment. Keep an eye out
for wild horses, lighthouses and boatloads of
fish.
Set
sail:
Even
if
you
don't
know
the
difference
between
starboard
and
star-lord,
Pamlico's
sailing journey
will make you a first-rate sailor in no time.
You'll even practice finding your way
using the stars.
Base Camp
Location: St. Paul, Minnesota
Big upgrade: What happens when you
change a 1907 cavalry drill hall
(
骑兵训练场
) into an
adventure destination in the heart of
the city? You get Base Camp for overnight lock-
ins, weekend
retreats
(
隐居处
) and summer
camp.
Inside
out:
Most
of
Base
Camp
is
indoors,
meaning
the
activities
like
climbing
walls
can
be
undertaken on winter's coldest
days.
（
1
）
What do we know about Tahosa High
Adventure Base?
A. It requires fishing licenses
B. It offers lessons on flying a
plane
C. It's a camp that is
intended for brave kids
D. It
is a camp where you can set your own
pace
（
2
）
What can be learned in Pamlico Sea
Base?
A. How to
tell starboard from star-lord
B. How to choose camping
equipment
C. How to use the
stars for directions D. How to
make a boat on your own
（
3
）
In
which camp can kids climb walls inside on winter
days?
A. Base
Camp.
B. Camp Raymond.
C. Pamlico
Sea Base.
D. Tahosa High Adventure Base.
< br>【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
C
（
3
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文
，介绍了四个精彩的
·
夏令营活动。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据
Tahosa High Adventure Base
部分中的
“Choose your
adventure: Go
all-inclusive, where the
staff prepares meals and runs the program, or take
control and plan your
perfect week. The
choice is yours.”
可知，
Tahosa
High Adventure Base
是一个你可以设定自己
节奏的营地。故选
D
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据
Pamlico
Sea
Base
部分中的
“Set
sail:
Even
if
you
don’t
know
the
difference
between
starboard
and
star-
lord,
Pamlico’s
sailing
journey
will
make
you
a
first
-rate
sailor
in
no
time.
You’ll
even
practice
finding
your
way
using
the
stars.”
可知，在
Pamlico
Sea
Base
你能学到如何使用星星来指引方向。故选
C
。
（
3
）考查
细节理解。根据
Base
Camp
部分中的
“Inside
out:
Most
of
Base
Camp
is
indoors,
meaning the
ac
tivities like climbing walls can be
undertaken on winter’s coldest days.”
可知
，在
冬天，孩子们可以在
Base Camp
< br>营地里爬墙。故选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细
节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
6
．
阅读下
列短文，从短文后每题所给的
A
、
B<
/p>
、
C
和
D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Met) is one of the
world's largest and finest art museums.
Following the suggested route will help
you explore the museum.
The Temple of Dendur
This 2000-year-old building stood near the Nile
River, surrounded by a wall that no longer exists.
But you can still peek through the
gateway. Whose
gods. Can you identify
them? They face out. A king faces in, bringing
offerings.
MetSpeaks
Bringing
together some of the most respected thinkers on a
given subject, MetSpeaks features
lectures,
discussions,
talks,
films,
and
forums
in
which
compelling
voices
explore
timely
issues