【真题】湖南省长沙市2019年中考英语试题(解析版)
-
湖南省长沙市
2019
年中考英语试题（解析版
）
2019
年湖南长沙中考英语试卷
I
．听力技能
第一节
听下面
5
段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的
A
、
B
、
C
三
个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题
，
每小题
5
秒钟；听完后，各小题将给
出
5
秒钟的作答时间。
1
．
Where did Jim
go last weekend?
A
．
The science
park.
B
．
The
countryside.
C
．
The
city library.
2
．
How often does
the boy play basketball?
A
．
Every
day.
B
．
Twice a
week.
C
．
Twice a month.
3
．
What’s the
weather like today?
A
．
Rainy.
B
．
Sunny.
C
．
Snowy.
4
．
When will Mary
have a picnic?
A
．
On
Friday.
B
．
On
Saturday.
C
．
On
Sunday.
5
．
What
color does the girl like best?
A
．
Green.
B
．
Blue.
C
．
Yellow.
第二节
听
下面
6
段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有
2-3
个小题，从题中所
给的
A<
/p>
、
B
、
C
三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。听每段对话或独白前，你将
有时间
阅读各个小题，每小题
5
秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出
5
秒钟的作答时
间。
听第六段对话，回答第
6
、
7
小题。
6
．
What will the
man do next?
A
．
Leave right
away.
B
．
Stay for
dinner.
C
．
Catch a train.
7
．
How long will
it take the man to get to the station?
A
．
Half an
hour.
B
．
One
hour.
C
．
One
and a half hours.
听第七段对话，回答第
8
、
9
小题。
8
．
When will they
go for a trip?
A
．
In
June.
B
．
In
July.
C
．
In
August.
9
．
How
long will they stay there?
A
．
For five
days.
B
．
For
a week.
C
．
For
a month.
听第八段对话，回答第
10
、
11
小题。
10
．
What is the
second gift for Cathy?
A
．
A
skirt.
B
．
A
car.
C
．
A
computer.
11
．
What’s the
probable relationship between the
speakers?
A
．
Husband and
wife.
B
．
Boss and
secretary.
C
．
Father and
daughter.
听第九段对话，回答第
12
至
14
小题。
12
．
What is John
doing at the moment?
A
．
Cleaning the
kitchen.
B
．
Watching
TV
.
C
．
Writing an
email.
13
．
How old
is Mark?
A
．
Sev
en.
B
．
Eight.
C
．
Nine.
14
．
What makes
John unhappy?
A
．
His
mother’s strictness.
B
．
His brother’s
laziness.
C
．
His
uncle’s arrival.
听第十段对话，回答第<
/p>
15
至
17
小题
。
15
．
Who helped Bob
to make progress in math?
A
．
Jack.
B
．
Lucy.
C
．
Tony.
16
．
Which subject
has become Lucy’s favorite?
A
．
Math.
B
．
History.
C
．
Physics.
17
．
What are the
speakers mainly talking about?
A
．
History
classes.
B
．
Talent
shows.
C
．
Special
memories.
听下面一段独白，回答第
18
至
20
小题。
18
．
In which
country do children pick up things on their first
birthdays?
A
．
Chi
na.
B
．
Mexico.
< br>
C
．
America.
19
．
When do girls
in Mexico have a special birthday celebration?
A
．
At
age 15.
B
．
At
age 18.
C
．
At
age 21.
20
．
What
is often put on the top of a cake for the
21st
birthday?
A
．
A
candy.
B
．
A
coin.
C
．
A
key.
II
．知识运用
第一节
语法填空
从题中所给的
A
、
B
、
< br>C
三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
1.
_______ fun it is to have
a field trip on the Orange Island!
A.
What
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】句意：在橘子岛上
进行野外旅行是多么有趣啊！
fun
用作形容词时，只能放在名
词
的前面作定语。此句中
fun
是不可
数名词，感叹句应该由
what
来引导，
What
a
后跟可数名
词单数，排
除
B
；
How+
形容词或副词，排除
C
。故答案为
A
。
2.
Keep trying, ______ you
might surprisingly find hidden abilities within
you.
A.
but
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】句意：继续努力，
你可能会惊讶地发现你内心隐藏的能力。
A.
but
但是，表示转折关系；
B.
and
和，而且，表示顺承关系；
C. or
< br>或者，表示选择关系。
and
可以和祈使句或名词词组连
用表示条件，题干也可以理解为“如果你继续努力，你可能
会惊讶地发现你内心隐藏的能
力”。故答案为
B
。
3.
Yesterday our
headmaster made a speech ______ environmental
protection, and we learned
something
about recycling of waste.
A.
on
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
< br>句意：
昨天我们校长做了一次关于环境保护的演讲，
我们
学到了一些关于废物回收
的知识。
A.
on
关于；
B.
at
在；
C.
to
到。
on
表示“关于”，涉及“……专业领域”。故答
案为
A
。
4.
—
I
can’t f
ind Sarah. Where is she?
—
She ______ for
tomorrow’s
Xingcheng Cup
speaking competition at home.
B.
at
C.
to
B.
and
C.
or
B.
What
a
C.
How
A.
prepares
【答案】
C
【解析】
B.
will prepare
C.
is preparing
【详解】
句意：
——我找不到萨拉。
她在哪里？——她正在家里为明天的
星城杯演讲比赛做
准备。
A.
prepares
一般现在时；
B. will
prepare
一般将来时；
C. is preparing
现在进行时。问
句是询问萨拉在哪里，
是说当前的情况，
答语用现在进行时表示她正在做某事，
故答案
为
C
。
5.
—
So sorry, I
took your school T-shirt by mistake. But where is
_______?
—
Don’t
worry. Let me
help you find it.
A.
yours
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——太抱歉
了，我错拿了你的学校
T
恤。但我的呢？——别担心。我来帮<
/p>
A. yours
你的，
B.
his
他的，
C. mine
你找一下
。
名词性物主代词；
形容词性或名词性物主代词；
我的，名词性物主代词。根据前一句“
I took your
school T-shirt by mistake.
”的句意“我错拿
了你的学校
T
恤”，必然询问自己的
T
恤在哪里，故答案为
C
。
【点睛】人称代词分为主格和宾格，主格用作主语，宾格用作
宾语。如：
He is a
teacher.(
主
格
) Let
me help you.(
宾格
)
；
物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，
形容词性物
主代词用作定语，修饰名词，如
my book, his f
ather(
形容词性物主代词
)
。名
词性物主代词
=
形容词性物主代词
+<
/p>
名词。如：
His hands are dirtier
than mine (my hands).
6.
I ______ abroad for
several years, but I have never regretted my final
decision to move back to my
motherland.
A.
am living
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】句意：我在国外住
了几年，但我从未后悔我搬回祖国的最后决定。
A.
am <
/p>
living
现
在进行时；
B. lived
一般过去时。
C. have l
ived
现在完成时。根据语境理解，现在已经回国，
那么住在
国外就是过去的事情，句子需要用一般过去时来表达，故答案为
B
。
B.
lived
C.
have lived
B.
his
C.
mine
7.
—
Perfect
photos! Good skills!
—
Thank
you. They ______ by my
Huawei
mobile phone. In
fact, I am not skillful at all.
A.
took
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】句意：好漂亮的照
片！技术真棒！——谢谢。它们是用我的华为手机拍摄的。事实
A.
took
一般过去时的主动语态；
B. were taken
一般过去时的被动语态；
上，
我一点也
不熟练。
C. will be taken
一般将来时的被动
语态。
They
代指
Perfect
photos
，与动词
take
之间是
被动的
关系，排除
A
；这些照片已经拍
摄完毕，是在过去拍摄的，故用一般过去时态，答案为
B
。
8.
Of
the two physics problems, Martha just finished
______ one.
A.
the most
difficult
【答案】
C
【解析】
【详解】句意：在这两个物
理问题中，玛莎刚刚完成了不那么难的一个。
A. the most
difficult
最难的；
B. the least
difficult
最不难的；
C. the less di
fficult
较不难的。根据前面的句子可知，
比较的范围是
两者，故用比较级的形式，答案为
C
。
9.
China is
getting better at making hi-tech products ______
can be bought in all parts of the world.
A.
who
【答案】
B
【解析】
【详解】句意：
中国在制造高科技产品方面很擅长，并且这些产品世界各地都能买到。
此句
考查定语从句的关系词。
who
引导定
语从句时，先行词是人，
who
在从句中作主语或宾语；
which
引导定语从句时，先行词是物，
w
hich
在从句中作主语或宾语；
what
不能引导定语从
句。本句的先行词是
hi-tech pr
oducts
，指物，用
which
来
引导，故答案为
B
。
【点睛】
在定语从句中，
关系代词所代替的先行词是人
或物的名词或代词，
并在句中充当主
语、宾语、
定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，
从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先
行词保持一致。
1) who,
whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
B.
which
C.
what
B.
the least
difficult
C.
the
less difficult
B.
were
taken
C.
will be
taken
Is he the man who/that wants to
see you?
他就是想见你的人吗
?(who/that
在从句中作主语
)
He is
the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是
我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that
在从句中作
宾语
)
2) whose
< br>用来指人或物，
(
只用作定语
,
若指物，它还可以同
of which
互换
)
，例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose
car had broken down.
那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
3) which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的
名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
关系副词可代替的
先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
关系副词
when, where, why
< br>的含义相当于
介词
+ whic
h
结构，
因此常常和
< br>介词
+
which
结构
交替使用，例如：
Beijing is the place where (in which) I
was born.
北京是我的出生地。
10.
Life is like
a story. What matters is not how long it is
but______.
A.
how good it
is
【答案】
A
【解析】
【详解】
< br>句意：
生活就像一个故事。
重要的不是它有多长，
而是它有多好。
is
后跟表语从句，
从句要用陈述句的语序，排除
B
；
how+
形容词或副词，
what+
（形容词）
+
名词，
good
为形
容词形式，故答案为
A
。
B.
how good is it
C.
what good it is
第二节
词语填空
通读下面的短文，掌握其大
意，然后从题中所给的
A
、
B
、
C
三个选项中选出最佳答案。
Thanksgiving was just around the
corner. The menu
had been set. The
shopping list was
（菜谱）
made.
___11___
seemed perfect. I
could taste turkey and mashed
potatoes
（火鸡和土豆泥）
.
Pictures of different pies, fruit and
vegetables came into my mind. I couldn’t
___12___
!
The day
before Thanksgiving my dad called a family
meeting. He said we needed to practice
being
___13___
.
“We are going to
___14___
at
a homeless shelter
on Thanksgiving Day.”
（
收容所）
I couldn’t
believe this was happening. So we wouldn’t cook
our own Thanksgiving dinner? The
holiday wouldn’t be the same. I thought
the day would
be
ruined
（糟蹋）
.
The
next morning, we got up
___15___
. I followed my
father to the shelter with my sleepy
eyes. I had no great expectations and
felt
___16___
all the way.
As soon as we arrived, we got to
work.
There was so much to be done. But all I could
t
hink about was the dinner I couldn’t
enjoy.
However, those
thoughts soon
___17___
. Over
the next few hours, I watched hundreds of
people come through the shelter. For
some, this was the only hot meal they would eat
that week. For
others, it was the first
time to eat a Thanksgiving meal. The shelter was
filled with
___18___
.
Through this experience, I learned that
Thanksgiving is a time to think about your blessin
gs
（
祝
福）
and look for ways to bless others. When I gave up
what I had wanted, I discovered how much I
have. It is much better to
___19___
than to receive. In
the end, that Thanksgiving became an
___20___
experience.
11. A.
Something
12. A.
wait
13. A.
creative
14. A.
rush out
15. A.
early
16. A.
excited
17. A.
appeared
18. A.
stress
19. A.
give
20. A.
uncomfortable
B.
Everything
B.
care
B.
nervous
B.
help out
B.
late
B.
good
B.
disappeared
B.
joy
B.
take
B.
unreasonable
C.
Nothing
C.
understand
C.
thankful
C.
check
out
C.
suddenly
C.
down
C.
rose
C.
fear
C.
waste
C.
unforgettable
【答案】
11. B
12.
A
13.
C
14. B
15.
A
16. C
17.
B
18.
B
19.
A
20. C
【解析】
短文大意：
作者介绍了践行感恩的一次难忘经历。
在感恩节那天，
爸爸带着他到当地的一家
收容所帮忙，作者对于在收容所原本所讨厌的饭食却成了有些无
家可归的人唯一能吃的热
饭，思想也发生了改变，情感得到了升华，感悟到爱的真谛。<
/p>
【
11
题详解
】
句意：一切似乎都很完美。
A.
Something
某事，某物；
B.
Everything
每件事，所有事物；
C.
Nothing
没有什么，没有一件东西。根据后面
句子“
I could taste turkey and mashed
potatoes
（火鸡和土豆泥）
. Pictures
of different pies, fruit and vegetables came into
my mind.
”可知，作
者可以品尝到火鸡和土豆泥。
各种馅饼、
水果和蔬菜的照片也浮现在脑海中。
圣诞节前夕一
切准备就绪，看起来都很完美，故答案为
B<
/p>
。
【
12
题详解】
句意：我有点迫不及待了。
A.
wait
等待；
B.
care
照顾；
C.
understand
理解。
can’t wait
迫不
及待。看到准备好的圣诞大餐，作者有点迫不及待地想吃了，答案为<
/p>
A
。
【
13
题详解】
句意：
他说我们需要实践感恩。
A.
creative
创造性的；
B.
nervous
紧张的；
C. thankful
感激的。
根据后面的句子“
We
are
going
to
___4___
at
a
homeless
shelter
（收容所）
on
Thanksgiving
Day.
”可知，去收容所提供帮
助是献爱心的一种行为。故答案选
C
。
【
14
题详解】
句意：我们将在感恩节在收容所提供帮助。
A. rush
out
冲出去；
B. help
out
解决难题，帮助
C. check out
核实。
（……）
分担工作；
根据下文中的句子
As soon as we arrived, we got
to work.
There
was
so
much
to
be
done.
可知，作者他们是去
收容所为那些无家可归的人提供所谓的
“感恩节大餐”，去帮助他们，故答案为
B
。
【
15
题详解】
句意：第二天早上，我们起得很早。
A.
early
早的；
B.
late
晚的；
C. suddenly
突然。结合后
面的句子“
I followed my
father to the shelter with my sleepy eyes.
< br>”我睡眼朦胧地跟着父亲来
到收容所。由此可知他们一大早就起来了，故答案为<
/p>
A
。
【
16
题详解】
A.
excited
兴奋的；
B.
good
好的；
C. down
句意：
我没有太高的期望，
一路上感觉精神不太好。
< br>沮丧的。
feel
down
感觉情绪低落。根据前面的句子“
I
couldn’t believe this was happening. So
we wouldn’t cook our own Thanksgiving
dinner? The holiday wouldn’t be the same. I
thought the
day would be ruined
< br>（糟蹋）
.
”可知，作者对爸爸提议这次感恩节去收容所
并不开心。故答
案为
C
。
【
17
题详解】
句意：然而，这些想法很快就消失了。
A.
appeared
出现；
B.
disappeared
消失；
C. rose
升高。
根据后面的句子“
Over the next
few hours, I watched hundreds of people come
through the shelter.
For some, this was
the only hot meal they would eat that week. For
others, it was the first time to eat
a
Thanksgiving meal.
”在接下来的几个小时里，我看到数百人从庇护
所里经过。对一些人来
说，这是他们那周唯一能吃的热饭。
对其
他人来说，这是第一次吃感恩节大餐。作者对于在
收容所原本所讨厌的饭食却成了有些无
家可归的人唯一能吃的热饭，
思想也发生了改变，
故
答案为
B
。
【
18
题详解】
句意：庇护所里充满了欢乐。
A.
stress
压力；
B.
joy
高兴；
C. fear
恐惧。对
于那些能吃上一
顿热饭，生平第一次吃到感恩节大餐的人来说一定非常开心快乐，答案为
B
。
【
19
题详解】
句意：给予比接受要好得多。
A.
give
给；
B.
take
拿走，取走；
C. waste
浪费。结合前面的句
子“
When I gave up
what I had wanted, I discovered how much I have.
”当我放弃了曾经想要的
东西，我发现自己也拥有了更多。因此作者
感悟到“奉献比索取要好得多”，答案为
A
。
< br>
【
20
题详解】
句意：最后，那次感恩节成了一次难忘的经历。
A.
uncomfortable
不舒服的；
B.
unreasonable
不合理的；
C. unforget
table
难忘的。这次经历，作者的情感得到了升华，感悟到爱的真谛，
因此是一次难忘的经历。答案为
C
。
Ⅲ．阅读技能
第一节
图表理解
阅读下面的图表，从题中所
给的
A
、
B
、
C
三个选项中，选
出最佳选项回答问题
或完成句子。
A
21.
The Yum Restaurant stays
open for _______ in total.
A.
two hours
B.
three hours
C.
five hours
22.
From the menu above, we know that
_______.
A.
bread and butter
goes with starters
B.
there
are four kinds of different ice cream
C.
the desserts are
available for both lunch and dinner
【答案】
21. C
22. A
【解析】
这是一则百胜餐厅的营业广
告信息。
列举了开胃小吃，主食，
甜点，
饮料等食品名称以及价
格。还包括营业时间等信息。
【
21
题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中的内容“
Lunch
served
12:
30-2:
30
p.m./Dinner
served
6:
00-9:
00
p.m.
”可知，午餐营业两个
小时，晚餐营业三个小时，共计五个小时。答案为
C
。
22
题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中的信息“
All starters
are served with bread and butter.
”所有的开胃
小
菜都配有面包和黄油。故答案为
A
。
B
23.
If you are accepted as part of the
audience by
EZ Comedy Club
,
you can ___________.
A.
perform there
B.
watch a live show
C.
record your own comedies
24.
Which of the following is
NOT
mentioned in the
poster
（海报）
?
A.
The host of the show.
B.
The way to join the audience.
C.
Recording time and
location.
25.
We can
infer
（推断）
from the poster
that the show could be _______.
A.
very serious
B.
quite funny
C.
kind of boring
【答案】
23. B
24. A
25.
B
【解析】
这是
< br>EZ
喜剧俱乐部为一场演出而发布的一则海报。介绍了演出的时间、地点、联系方
式以
及注意事项。
【
23
题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中句子“
The greatest
live show ever is coming to town! Do you want to
be
part of the live audience(
观众
)?
”有史以来最伟大的现场表演即将到来！你想成为现
场观众的
一部分吗？由此可知如果你被
EZ
喜剧俱乐部接受为观众的一部分，可以观看现场表演。故
答案为
B
。
【
24
题详解】
细节理解题。
根据文中信息“
How
to join the audience? Please email us the
following information
atezccaudience201
9(@…
”可知，海报中介绍了加入现场观众的方式；根据文中信
息“
Recording
Time
Friday,
July
12,
2019
Recording
Location(
位置
)361
3
Ave.
New
Haven.
CT
”可知，海报中介
绍了录制时间和地点。没有提到节目主持人。故答案为
A
。
【
25
题详解】
推理判断题。根据海报的标题
LAUGH YOUR HEAD
OFF!
狂笑不止，捧腹大笑。以及文中
句子“
you’ll have an amazing afternoon at EZ Comedy
Club.
”你将在
EZ
喜剧俱乐部度
过一个
美妙的下午。由此我们可以从海报上推断出这个节目可能很有趣。故答案为
B
。
第二节
短文理解
阅读下面的短文，从题中
所给的
A
、
B
、
C
三个选项中，选
出最佳选项回答问
题或完成句子。
A
Recently, a junior high school sent
several students back home because they broke the
school
uniform
（校服）
rules.
Should students wear school uniforms?
The Young World
magazine
held a
discussion on this
topic
（话题）
.
Kennedy:
The school uniform
is very important, because it always reminds me
that I am
supposed to go out of my way
to study hard. It also helps prevent school
bullying
（欺凌）
. If
everyone wears the same clothes, it is
impossible to laugh at other people’s clothing.
Manson:
The uniform has to
be earned
（获得）
through
efforts. Students should start school
with no uniforms. As they make progress
at school, they start wearing it. I always think
children
need to be proud of their
school. The uniform is important for that. So,
make students earn it! If they
don’t
perform well, they should not be allowed to get
one.
Moorhead:
In
my
opinion, kids don’t have to wear
uniforms. There should be more choices
open to kids in education. They ought
to develop their own independence and just be
themselves.
Their personalities would
be expressed through their own clothes at school.
And different dress
could be one way of
showing their understanding of beauty. Besides,
they make the school lively
and
colorful.
Patrick:
I can see
the advantages of wearing school uniforms. They
play a very important role
in managing
schools. However, a school should not depend
heavily on uniforms to improve
students’ behaviors. Teaching them how
to express themselves with
confidence
（信心）
is more
important.
26.
What does the writer mean to do in
Paragraph 1?
A.
Present an
opinion on a subject.
B.
Introduce a topic for discussion.
C.
Provide a way to solve
problems.
27.
What is
Kennedy in the second paragraph?
A.
A student.
B.
A teacher.
C.
A parent.
28.
In
Manson’s opinion, ___________ .
A.
students have the right
to get school uniforms for free
B.
students should be encouraged to earn
school uniforms
C.
students
performing well needn’t wear school
uniforms
29.
According to Patrick, what is more
important?
A.
Managing
schools by uniforms.
B.
Improving students’
behaviors.
C.
Helping students express themselves
confidently.
30.
We can
learn from the text that ___________ .
A.
Kennedy can’t stand
school uniforms
B.
Moorhead is against school uniform
rules
C.
the writer holds
the same opinion as Patrick’s
【答案】
26. B
27. A
28.
B
29. C
30. B
【解析】
短文就学生是否应该穿校服
这一话题展开讨论。
Kennedy
认为穿校服很重要，
可以提醒学生
努力学习，它也有助于防止学校欺凌事件的发生。
Manson
认为应该鼓励学生通过自己的表
现来获得校服，如果学生表现不好，就不应该允许他们穿校服。
Moorhead
反对学校穿校服
Patrick
认为穿校服在
学校管理方面起着非常重要的作用，
的规定。
然而教给学生如何
自信地
表达自己更重要。
【
26
题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的句子“
Should
students wear school uniforms? The Young World
magazine held a discussion on this topi
c
（话题）
.
”学生应该穿校服吗？<
/p>
The Young World
杂志
就
这个话题进行了讨论。可知作者在第一段介绍了一个将要讨论的主题。故答案为
B
。
【
27
题详解】
细节判断题。根据第二段中的句子“
The
school
uniform
is
very
important,
because
it
always
reminds me that I am supposed to go out
of my way to study hard.
”校服很重要，因为它总是提
醒我要努力学习。由此判断
Kennedy
是一名在校学生，故答案为
A
。
【
28
题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子“
So, make
students earn it! If they don’t perform well, they
should not be allowed to get one.
”让学生们赢得校服！如果他们表现不好，就不应该允许他
们得到校服。由此
可知，
Manson
认为应该鼓励学生通过自己的表现来获得校
服。故答案为
B
。
< br>【
29
题详解】
细节理解题。
根据短文最后一句“
Teaching
them how to express themselves with
confidence
（信
心）
is
more important.
”教给他们如何自信地表达自己更重要。因此在
Patrick
看来，帮助学
生自信地表达自
己更重要。故答案为
C
。
【
30
题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段可知，
Kennedy
认为校服很重要，
A
答案错误；根据第三段中的句
Moorhead
反对学校穿校服的规定，
子“<
/p>
In my opinion, kids don’t have to wear u
niforms.
”可知，
B
答案正确
；
文章列举了四个人对学生穿校服的个人观点，
我们无法判断作
者倾向于哪个观
点，
C
答案错误，故答
案选
B
。
B
It
is believed that Huck Finn is based
on
（基于）
a childhood friend of
Mark Twai
n’s. In fact,
Twain
was not alone in basing a fictional
character
（虚构的角色）
on a real-
life person.
Severus Snape / John
Nettleship
Severus Snape is a skillful
wizard
（巫师）
teaching magic in
Harry Potter
. The writer,
J.K.
Rowling, once said that the
character was based on a teacher of hers.
The teacher turned out to be John
Nettleship, who taught Rowling chemistry. At
first,
Nettleship felt surprised. “I
know I am a strict teacher,” he said. “But I don’t
think I am as bad as
Snape!” On second
thoughts, however, he
said that he was
so
ill-tempered
that most of
his students
avoided making him mad.
Also, he used to wear long hair and have an untidy
lab. That sounds
familiar to Harry
Potter fans.
Alice / Alice Liddell
Famously, Lewis Carroll’s Alice in
Alice’
s
Adventure
s in Wonderland
is
based on Alice
Liddell.
Carroll was close to the Liddell
family. One day, ten-year-old Alice asked Carroll
to tell her a
new story. Carroll began
to create his famous tale of Alice and what
happened after she fell through
the
rabbit hole. The little girl liked the story so
much that she asked him to write it down. And the
rest is history.
Dill /
Truman Capote
In
To Kill a
Mockingbird
, Harper Lee based Dill on
her childhood friend, Truman Capote.
Capote once said, “Lee was my best
friend.
Have you ever read
To Kill a Mockingbird
? I’m a
character in that story! The story
takes place just in the town where we
lived!”
31.
Snape
and Nettleship have something in common
EXCEPT
__________.
A.
their jobs
B.
their looks
C.
their hobbies
32.
What does
the
underlined word “
ill-tempered
” mean in Paragraph 3?
A.
沉着冷静
B.
优柔寡断的
C.
脾气暴躁的
33.
What made Carroll decide
to create
Alice’
s Adventures
in Wonderland?
A.
Alice Liddell’s requirement.
B.
His great interest in
rabbits.
C.
His experience
of travelling.
34.
Being a
character of
To Kill a Mockingbird,
Truman Capote felt
________.
A.
proud
B.
unsatisfied
C.
surprised
35.
The text is mainly about
________
A.
purposes of writing fictional stories
B.
introductions to famous
writers’ childhood friends
C.
characters of fictional
stories from real-life persons
【答案】
31. C
32. C
33.
A
34. A
35. C
【解析】
短文介绍了一些小说中所塑
造的人物角色取材于现实生活中的真实人物。例如《哈利波特》
中的西弗勒斯·斯内普是
以
J.K.
罗琳的化学老师约翰·内特利希普为原型而塑造的；
刘易
斯·卡罗尔的《爱丽丝梦游仙境》是根据爱丽丝·利德尔改编的；在《杀死一只知更
鸟》中
迪尔这一人物是以哈珀·李童年朋友杜鲁门·卡波特为原型而塑造的。
【
31
题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中句子
Severus
Snape is a skillful
wizard
（巫师）
teaching magic in
Harry
Potter.
可知，西弗勒斯·斯内普是一位熟
练的巫师，在《哈利波特》中教授魔法。根据文中
句子
The
teacher turned out to be John Nettleship, who
taught Rowling chemistry.
可知，
约翰·内
特利希普罗琳的化学老师，因此两个人的职业相同；根据文中句子
Also, he used to wear long
hair
and have an untidy lab. That sounds familiar to
Harry Potter fans.
可知，约翰·内特利希普以
前留着长发，有一间不整洁的实验室，这听上去像是《哈利波特》迷们所熟悉的。由此判断
< br>两个人的相貌相似。故答案选
C
。
【
32
题详解】
< br>
词义猜测题。根据
“
ill-
tempered
”
所在句子的从句“
…that
most of his students avoided making
him
mad.
”大多数学生都避免让他生气。由此推断约翰·内特利希普的脾气比较暴躁，故
答
案选
C
。
【
33
题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中句子
One
day,
ten-year-old
Alice
asked
Carroll
to
tell
her
a
new
story.
Carroll began to
create his famous tale of Alice and what happened
after she fell through the rabbit
hole.
一天，十岁的爱丽丝让卡罗尔给她讲一个新故事。卡罗尔开始创作他著名的爱丽丝故
事，
以及她从兔子洞里掉下来后发生的事情。
由此可以看出爱丽丝·利德尔的要求让卡罗尔
决定创作《爱丽丝梦游仙境》
。故答案为
A
。
【
34
题详解】
细节推理题。根据短文最后的句子
Have you ever
read To Kill a Mockingbird? I’m a character in
that story! The story takes place just
in the town where we lived!
你读过《杀死一只知更鸟
》吗？
我是那个故事里的人物！故事发生在我们居住的小镇上！由此推断作为《杀死一只
知更鸟》
的角色，杜鲁门·卡波特感到骄傲与自豪。答案为
A<
/p>
。
【
35
题详解】
主旨大意题。
< br>短文介绍了一些小说中所塑造的人物角色取材于现实生活中的真实人物。
故答
案为
C
。
第三节
语篇补全
阅读下面的短文，从短文
后的选项中选出能填入空白处的
最佳选项补全短文。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Summer is here. One of the best
ways to cool off on a hot summer day is to jump
into a
swimming pool. Swimming is great
exercise, and a trip to a pool or beach is a good
way to have fun
with friends.
_________36_________
, so it’s
important to stay safe as you do it. Here are a
few
things you can do to swim
safely.
Swim
only in areas set for swimming.
Don’t
swim unless there is a
lifeguard
（救生员）
on duty. If
you’re on a beach ne
ar the ocean,
this is especially important. In some
places, fast currents
can sweep swimmers
away without
（
急流）
warning. So
if a sign says “no swimming”, please take
care.
Be careful when
diving
（跳水）
into the water
headfirst.
Most pools have deep ends
where div
ing is safe. In natural water,
don’t dive unless you know
that
the
water
is
deep
enough.
_____
____37_________
,
causing
injury
（伤害）
or
death.
Make sure you have a
partner with you.
Nobody
knows what will happen while you are swimming. If
something goes wrong, you can
get help
from that person as soon as possible. In this situ
ation,
_________38_________
.
Pay close attention to children’s
safety.
Kids who
don’t know how to swim should wear life jackets.
But by themselves they are not
enough,<
/p>
_________39_________
. If you
have a pool at home, put a
fence
（围栏）
around it in case
children fall in. And if a child
disappears, check the pool first.
【答案】
36.
C
37.
E
38.
D
39.
B
【解析】
短文介绍了游泳时需要注意的一些安全常识。
第一，
只能在适
合游泳的地方游泳，
不要去陌
生水域游泳。第二，头朝下潜水时
一定在深水区，否则会伤害到自己。第三，不要独自一人
去游泳，遇到危险会有人相救。
第四，关注儿童游泳安全问题。儿童学游泳要用家人相伴，
家庭游泳池周围要有护栏。<
/p>
【
36
题详解
】
句意：但是游泳也有危险。根据后面的句子“
so it’s
important to stay safe as you do it.
”可知
，
游泳的时候安全是非常重要的。因此前一句说游泳也会有危险，故答案为
C
。
【
< br>37
题详解】
句意：否则你的头会撞到底部。根据前面的句子“
In
natural water, don’t dive unless you know
that the water is deep enough.
”可知，在自然水域，在你不知道水深时不要潜水。此句是说如
果这样做了会产生的
后果，故答案为
E
。
【
38
题详解】
句意：
几秒钟的时间就会产生重大作用。
本段主要
强调游泳时确保有一个搭档，
遇到危险及
时向搭档求救，
在这种危险的时刻，
几秒钟的时间也很重要，
对生与死也会产生巨大的影响，
故答案为
D
。
【
39
题详解】
句意：所以成年人应该一直在现场。根据前面的句子“
Kids
who
don’t
know
how
to
swim
should wear life jackets. But by
themselves they are not enough,
”不会游泳的孩子
应该穿救生
衣。但如果是他们自己游泳，救生衣是远远不够的，因此本句是强调在孩子学
习游泳时，需
要大人时刻在身边保护，故答案为
B
。
第四节
阅读表达
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
I am Canadian. I started learning
French when I was 10 years old. But my whole
experience
with the language was in the
classroom. All of that changed, however, during my
last summer of
high school. As a
17-year-old girl, I flew across the country by
myself for the first time! I headed for
Quebec to live in the province with a
French-
speaking host family, who didn’t
speak any English.
And I would learn
French at a local school.
On the first day of school, all of us
students were given a test to
determine
our language
（测定）
level. We were required
to speak only French all summer.
I made
every effort to communicate in a second language
by making new friends, seeing
movies
and even ordering food from restaurants in French.
Though I couldn’t understand most of i
t
at the very beginning, the whole
experience was exciting and refreshing.
On weekends, my classmates
and I took trips to different places around the
province. On one
trip, we went whale
watching on the St. Lawrence River. Even though it
was raining, we could see
huge whales
swimming around our boat. The most memorable part
of our trip was a visit to historic
Quebec City. I walked along the stone
streets, took pictures of the European-
style
（欧式的）
buildings, and
learned some stories there.
Finally my
efforts paid off! At the end of the summer, I was
able to communicate pretty well. I
couldn’t wait to go back to school and
talk with my French teacher. Being fully
immersed
（沉浸）
in a French-
speaking environment was a valuable learning
experience. And it could be the main
reason for my improvement in French.
40.
When did the writer fly
alone for the first time?
41.
How did the local school determine the
students’ language level?
42.
Did the writer enjoy the
experience of communicating in French?
43.
What did the writer
think of the visit to historic Quebec City?
44.
What could be the main
reason for the writer’s improvement in
French?
【答案】
40.
At age 17.
41.
By giving them a test.
42.
Yes, she did.
43.
It was the most
memorable part of the trip.
44.
Being fully immersed in a French-
speaking environment.
【解析】
【分析】
短文大意：作者是加拿大人
，
10
岁时开始学法语，但所有的语言学习都是在教室内完成的
。
17
岁时独自一人飞往魁北克，和一个讲法语的家庭住在一起
，并在当地学校学习法语。在
那里她尽一切努力用法语交流，
结
交新朋友，
看电影，甚至从法国餐馆点餐。作者的努力终
于有了
回报！
在夏天结束的时候，
她能够很好地用法语进行沟通。
作者认为完全沉浸在讲法
语的环境中是一种宝贵的学习经验。也是作
者法语进步的主要原因。
【
40
题详解】
问题：作者第一次独自坐飞机是
什么时候？根据短文中的句子“
As a 17-year-old girl, I
flew
across the country by myself for
the first time!
”可知作者在
17
岁的时候，第一次坐上了飞机，
故答案为
At
age 17
。
【
< br>41
题详解】
问题：当地学校
是如何测定学生语言水平的？根据短文第二段中的句子
On
the
first
day
of
school, all of us
students were given a test to
determine
（测定）
our language le
vel.
可知，所有的
学生是通过测试来测定语言水平的，故答
案为
By giving them a
test
。
【
42
题详解】
问题：作者喜欢用法
语交流的这段经历吗？根据第三段中的句子
“
Tho
ugh
I
couldn’t
understand most of it at the very
beginning, the whole experience was exciting and
refreshing.
”
虽
然我一开始大部分并不太明白，
但整个经历是令人兴奋和耳目一新。<
/p>
由此判断作者非常喜欢
这段语言学习的经历，故答案为
Yes, she did
。
< br>【
43
题详解】
问题：作者对历史悠久的魁北克市的这次访问是怎么看的？根据倒数第二段中的句子“
The
most memorable part of our trip
was a visit to historic Quebec City.
”我们
这次旅行最难忘的部分
是参观历史悠久的魁北克市。因此作者认为这是旅行中最难忘的部
分。故答案为
It
was
the
most memorable part of the
trip
。
【
44
题详解】
问题：作者提高法语
水平的主要原因是什么？根据短文最后的句子“
Being
fully
immersed
（沉浸）
in a
French-speaking environment was a valuable
learning experience. And it could be the
main reason for my improvement in Frenc
h.
”完全沉浸在讲法语的环境中是一种宝贵的学习经
验。这可
能是我法语进步的主要原因。故答案为
Being
fully
immersed
in
a
French-speaking
environment
。
【点睛】任务型阅读通常有回答问题型，判断正误型，阅读填空型，英汉互译型等题型，不
仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力，
更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。<
/p>
本题适合用“扫读法”
来快速捕捉信息。扫读法是指在快速浏览全
文的基础上，找到与问题相关的某些特定信息，
如：人名、时间、地点、事件等，来回答
细节问题。第一个问题询问作者第一次独自坐飞机
是什么时候。可运用“搜索式跳读”迅
速从短文中锁定问题信息，答语尽量简短。
IV
．写作技能
第一节
语篇翻译
阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
Do you enjoy hitting the books? It
doesn’t mean you enjoy beating your books with
your hand.
That may be
r
easonable if you don’t understand
something inside your books. Hitting the books
just
means that you are studying hard.
You can learn a lot when you hit the
books.
___45___
Especially
before exams, most students spend a lot
of time hitting the books to get good grades.
This is just one example of expressions
that can’t be understood by taking them
apart
（分开）
word by word.
Expressions like this are called
idioms
（习语）
. They are an
important part of a
culture’s language.
Languages and cultures are closely connected. One
example of an idiom in the
Chinese
language is “dui niu tan qin”, or “to play the
lute
（拨弦乐器）
to a cow.”
< br>___46___
这意味
着某人在说话或写作时不考虑其
听众或读者。
Let’s get back to
idioms that begin with the word
“hit”
___47___
There are many of them in
English, but it’s not that easy for you
to understand.
One common idiom you may hear in
English is “hit the road”. It me
ans to
leave or to go. You
can say, “Hey, I
need to hit the road. Can we talk about this
another time?” Or simply, “It’s time to
hit the road.” When you are tired and
you want to go to bed, you can say, “I need to hit
the hay
（干
草）
.” It
means you want to go
to
sleep.
___48___
That’s because a bed was often a big
bag with hay
inside in the past.
Let’s hit the road to learn
some and try to use them.
___49___
习语使你的语言生
动而有趣。
【答案】
45.
尤其在考
试前，大多数学生为了取得好成绩而花许多时间努力学习。
46.
It means someone speaks or writes
without considering his listeners or
readers.
47.
英语中有很多这样的习语，但理解起来并不那么容易。
48.
那是因为在过去床常常是填充着干草的大袋子。
49.
Idioms make your
language lively and interesting.
【解析】
短文介绍了语言中一些习惯
用语的表达。
它们是语言文化的重要组成部分，
不能逐字分开来
理解。
例如汉语中的“对牛弹琴”意思是某人在说话或写作时不
考虑其听众或读者。
英语中
也有很多这样的习语，但理解起来并
不那么容易。例如“
hit
the
book
”的意思是“努力学
习”，
“
hit the
road
”的意思是“走或离开”，“
hit the
hay
”的意思是“睡觉，就寝”。
【
45
题详解】
Especially
“特别，尤其”；
spend
some time doing
sth.
花费时间做某事；
hit the books
习惯用
语，意思是“用功啃书本，努力学习”；
to get good grades
取得好成绩，动词不定式作目的
状语。故答案为：尤其在考试前，大多数学生为了取得好成绩而花许多时间努力学习。
【
46
题详解】
mean
“意味着”；后面可以跟
that
引导的宾语从句（
that
可以省略）
。不定代词
someone
作
speaks or writes
主语时，
视作第三人称单数，
句子为一般现在时态时，
谓语动词用三单形式；
说话或写作；
without
doing sth.
不做某事。
without
considering his listeners or readers.
不
考虑
其听众或读者。主语可以用
it
替
代。故答案为
It
means
someone
speaks
or
writes
without
considering his listeners or readers. <
/p>
【
47
题详解】
此句是
there
be
句型，意思是“有”；
in
English
在英语中，此处不能翻译成“用英语”；
It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.
做某事对某
人来说怎么样，
that
用作副词，修饰
easy
，意为“如此，
那么”；注意后一个句子是否定句。
故答案为：英语中有很多这样的习语，
但理解起来并不
那么容易。
【
48<
/p>
题详解】
because
“因为，
with
hay inside
“里面有干草”，
由于”；
介词短语用作后置定语，
修饰
bed
，
a big bag with hay
inside
填充着干草的大袋子；
in the past<
/p>
在过去。故答案为：那是因为在过
去床常常是填充着干草的大袋子
。
【
49
题
详解】
此句考查
make
的一种用法：
make +
宾语
< br>+
形容词（作宾语补足语）
；
l
ively and interesting
生
动而有趣；介
绍用途或功能时用一般现在时，主语
idioms
（习语）用作
复数，谓语动词用动
词原形。故答案为
Idioms make
your language lively and
interesting
。
第二节
情景交际
通读下面的对话，根据上下文补全对话内容。
A: Hey, Joy. This is Steve, calling
from the Tianmenshan Mountain of Zhangjiajie!
B: Hi, Steve. You are already in
Zhangjiajie?! Great to hear you! So
_______50_______
?
A: Oh, amazing! You know, Zhangjiajie
is famous for its steep
mountains, which
are quite
（陡峭的）
different
from those in our country.
B: Really?
_______51_______
?
A: No. Instead of walking, we took the
cable car
（缆车）
.
B:
That was also an exciting experience, I suppose.
_______52_______
?
A: For five days. My dad will have an
important meeting next Monday. Work comes first.
B: What a pity! Given more time, you
could visit more places of interest. How about the
food there?
A:
_______53_______
! As a real
foodie
（吃货）
, I enjoy all
kinds of traditional food here. And so
do my family.
B:
You do?
A: Yes. And
tomorrow we are going to visit Huanglongdong. It
is said to be one of the most
beautiful
karst caves
（溶洞）
in the world
and it has interested so many travellers.
B: Fantastic! Could you
please tell me more about it when you are back?
A:
_______54_______
.
I’ll
see you in a few days.
Talk to you soon.
B: Thank
you. Have a nice journey!
【答案】
50.
what do
you think of it
51.
Did you climb the mountain on
foot
52.
How long will you stay there
53.
It tastes
delicious
54.
No problem
【解析】
【分析】
这是史蒂夫和乔伊之间的对
话。
谈论的是有关旅游的话题。
史蒂夫正在张家界的天门山旅游
，
张家界以其陡峭的山峰而闻名。
他们全家打算在那儿停留
5
天的时间，
期间还打算去黄龙洞。
据说它是世界上最美丽的溶洞之一，每年吸引了许多游客。
【
50
题详解】
句意：你觉得它怎么样？根据后面
答语“
O
h, amazing! You know, Zhangjiajie is famous for
its
steep
（陡峭的）
mou
ntains
”太棒了！你知道，张家界以其陡峭的山峰而闻名。前面
< br>Steve
打电话说已经到了张家界，
由此判断
Joy
想让
Steve
对张家界进行评价，
因此询问
what do you
think of it?
【
51<
/p>
题详解】
句意：你徒步爬山了吗？根据
“
No
”判断问句是一般疑问句，再结合后面的句子
Instead of
walking, we took the
cable car
（缆车）
.
我们
不是步行，而是乘坐缆车。由此判断问句是询问
是不是步行爬山，注意句子的时态为一般
过去时。故答案为
Did
you
climb
the
mountain
on
foot?
【
52
题详解】
句意：你要在那儿呆多久？答语“
For five da
ys.
”表示的是时间段，由此判断问句是询问在
张家界（
there
）呆多久。表示计划，打算要用一般将来时。故答案为<
/p>
How long will you stay
there?
【
53
题详解】
句意：
味道很好！
问句“
How about the food there?
”是询问那里时
食物怎样，
根据“
I enjoy all
kinds of traditional food here. And so
do my family.
”我喜欢这里的各种传统食物。我的家人也
是。由此判断
Steve
喜欢那里的美食，对食物给以
较高的评价，故答案为
It tastes delicious!
< br>【
54
题详解】
句意：没问题。根据上句“
Could you please
tell me more about it when you are back?
”你回来
后能告诉我更多的情况吗？结合答语后面的句子“
I
’ll
see
you
in
a
few
days.
Talk
to
you
soon.
”
几天后见。尽快跟你谈谈。可知此处是答应了对方的请求。故答案为
No
problem
。
【点睛】做英语补
全对话的解题技巧：
1.
通读对话全文，摸清对话发生的地点、
时间，人物
的身份，对话的内容。
2.
理清上下句的逻辑关系，使要填入的话和整篇对话文理通顺，融为
一体。答题时，依据语
言环境补全对话，逐句推敲。
3.
符合说英语国家人的习惯。答
题时，
语言要得体，
表达要地道。
要注
意口语交际中的一些习惯用语，
特别是汉语和英语表达方式
的不
同，
要认真通读对话。
4.
应将一些常
见情景下经常运用的句型，
词组背熟。
比如：
< br>看病，
问路，邀请等常规用语。
5.
注意空白处的标点。是问号，就应填问句；是句号，就应填陈述
句。
第三节
书面表达
55.
假如你是李华，你们班输了上周的篮球赛。
Henry
认为
是他未能投进最后一球所造成的，
有的队友也因此而责怪他。
请
你写一封英文邮件安慰他，
谈谈你对此事的看法，
并就如何取<
/p>
得队友的理解提出建议。
要求：
（
1
）
80
词左右（开头已给出，不计入总
词数）
；
（
2
）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（
3
）信中不得出现真实人名和校名。
Dear Henry,
I learned that
you are feeling sorry and upset because of losing
the basketball game…
【答案】
Dear Henry,
I
learned that you are feeling sorry and upset
because of losing the basketball game. It's not
easy being in your situation, and it's
normal to have these feelings. Anyway, don't be
too hard on
yourself.
You
know, basketball is about team effort. It's never
just one person's fault. What matters is that
you should learn from the games as well
as your mistakes. Besides, you need to think about
how you
can do better next time.
As a whole, teammates should support
and believe in each other. Why don't you sit down
and
communicate with them? And you
could promise that you will spare no efforts to
better your skills.
If all of you pull
together, you're sure to win the next one.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】这是一篇给材料的书信作文。假如你是李华，就输球事件安慰
He
nry
，谈谈你对此
事的看法，并就如何取得队友的理解提出建
议。人称为第二人称，时态以一般现在时为主。
动笔前先要注意认真阅读材料确定写作内
容；
文章必须包括要点中所给的信息，
但不要逐句
翻译，
补充两条个人的观点并提出建议。
注意表达的
条理性，
用好连接词，
可适当发挥使行
文连贯，多种句式交叉使用来丰富文章的文采。高分句型一：
What matters
is that you should
learn from the games
as well as your mistakes.
重要的是你应该从比赛中吸取
教训，也要从错
误中吸取教训。
What matters
is that
重要的是，
that
引
导的是表语从句。
as well as
常用来连接
两个并列的成分，作“也，还”讲。高分句型二：
And you
could promise that you will spare no
efforts
to
better
your
skills.
你可以保
证你会不遗余力地提高你的技能。
that
引导的是宾语从
spare no efforts to do
sth.
不遗余力做某事。
If all of you
pull together, you're sure
句，
高分句型三：
to win
the next one.
如果大家齐心协力，你们一定会赢得下一场比赛。此句是
if
引导的条件
状语从句；
be sure to do sth.
必定做某事。
2019
年湖南省长沙市中考地理试题
2019
年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷
地
理
注意事项：
1
、答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准
考证号、考室和座位号；
2
、必须
在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；
3
、答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；
< br>4
、请勿折答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁；
5
、答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；
6
、本学科实行开卷考试，共两道大题，考试时
间
60
分钟，满分
100
分。
一、选择题（本大题包括
20
个小题，每小题
2
分，共
40
分，每小题只有一个正确选项。
）
长沙某中学去烈士公园春游，读图，回答下面小题。
1.
班主任要求同学们在公园南门集合，请在图中找到南门是
A. ①门
B.
②门
C. ③门
D. ④门
2.
< br>家住烈士公园附近的小王观察到烈士塔冬夏正午影子长短不同，原因是
A.
地球自转
B.
地球公转
C.
昼夜长短
D.
时差不同
4
月
15
日巴黎圣母院突发火灾，
木质屋顶被烧毁，石质主体建筑得以保存，回答下面小题。
3.
欧洲城市风貌典雅，建筑风格各异，下列位于法国的是
A.
伦敦塔桥
B.
古罗马竞技场
C.
凡尔赛宫
D.
克里姆林宫
4.
地处地中海沿岸的古希腊是欧洲文明发源地之一，雅典卫
城建筑材料大多是就地取材的