论文英文摘要常用句型

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2021年02月15日 14:33
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2021年2月15日发(作者:北京导游)


学论文英文摘要常用句型



英文摘要一般须以第 三人称、过去式叙述。用词准确,逻辑性强,结构严谨。结果和结论一


般用句子表达;而 目的、方法(设计、地点和对象)等,则常用短语表达。








1


)英文摘要的时态与语态







1)


说明研究目的,通常用一般现在时或一般过去时。








2)


说明 方法和结果,一般用一般过去时、第三人称的被动语态表达。







3


)结论通常用一般现在时、被动语态表达,也可用主动语态表达。








2


)常用句型







1)


表达论文内容的常用句型







A


第三人称主动态








This paper(article


report)describes


„本文叙述„








This paper (article)reports


„本文报告„








This report(paper



article)presents


„本文介绍„








This paper(arti cle



report)discusses

< br>„本文讨论„







常用的动词还有

< br>analyze(


分析


)



evaluate(


评价


)



compare(


比较


)< /p>



describe


(描述)等。







B


第一人称主动态








We report(on)


„我们报告„








We describe a case of




我们描述

1


例„








In this paper



we present




本文介绍„








In this paper



we report




本文报告„







主语除


we


之外,还可用


the autho rs(


作者


)


等。






C


一般现在时被动语态








A case is reported in which




本文报告


1


例„








A study of



is reported


本文报告„的研究







⑧„< /p>


is(are)described




本文描述„








In this paper


.„< /p>


is(are)presented




本文介绍„







2)


表达目的常用句型







A


一般过去时、被动语态








The purpose



aim



objective

< br>)



of this study was to




本研究旨在„








The goal



aim




of this investigation was to




本研究旨在„








This study was designed to




本研究旨在„








This study was undertaken to




本研究旨在„








This prospective study was performed to




本前瞻性研究的目的是„








A study to



was carried out(during) (


在„期间


)


所作研究的目的是„








An attempt has been made to




为了„而作试验







B


动词不定式短语







To evaluate



report


,< /p>


investigate



study< /p>



analyze







C


一般过去时、主动语态








We



the authors



conducted a study to




为了„我们进行了研究








To determine


„,


we studied




为了确定„,我们研究了„








In an attempt to


„,


in an effort to


„或


in order to


„,


we carried out a pilot study





了„,我们进行了„的初步研究







表示目的的常用动词有:


evaluate(


评价


)



examine(


检查,


观察


)



determine(


确定,


查明

< p>
)



elucidate(


阐明


)



explore(


探索


)



test(< /p>


测试


)



com pare(


比较


)


< br>estimate(


评估


)


,< /p>


assess(


估价


)

< br>,


investigate(


调查


)


等。







3)


表达方法的常用句型







A


方法







表达研究类型



Prospective, Retrospective, Cohort



Case- control



in vivo, in vitro







Using



( technique)



we studied




我们用„


(


技术


)


研究了„








Using


„,


it was found that




(


我们


)


用„发现了„







③„


was(were)measured using




(

我们


)


用„测定了„







④„


was(were)analyzed

< br>(


reviewed




by




(< /p>


我们


)


用„分析(回顾)了„

< p>






⑤„


was(were)treated with




(


我们


)


用„治疗了„







⑥„


measurements were made of




测定了„







常用的动词还有:


study



measure



determine



< p>
investigate



isolate



demonstrate



examine



identify

< br>等。







B


分组 (主语通常为


patients



su bjects



animals








⑦„


were randomly divided



grouped




into



groups


„被随机分成„组







⑧„


were separated into



groups based on




根据„,将„分成„组








The groups were as follows




分组如下:







C


治疗或检查方法







⑩„



was performed< /p>



used




in (on)



patients


我们对„患者施行(应用)了„







(patients) underwent



endoscopy (


患者


)


进行了„内镜检查







Surgical procedures, assay(immunohistochemistry, molecular biology



)


手术方法,


测试方


法„







C


统计学方法







Statistical methods: Student’s t test, χ2 … was used for







4)


表达结果的常用句型




A


一般句型








The results showed



demonstrated




that


„结果表明„








It was found that




(


我们


)


发现„








It was observed that




(


我们


)


观察到„







第②和③句也可改为第一人称:


We found that


„和


We observed that


„。







B


增加或减少







④„


decreased by(40



)


„降低


(40


)








⑤„


(a 70



) reduction in



was observed


„ 观察到„降低


(70



)







There was a(15



) elevation in

„„增高


(15



)






⑦„


resulted in (a marked) increase in




„导致„


(


明显


)


增高







⑧„


was lowered fr om



to




„从„下降到„







表达增 加或减少的常用动词还有


rise



r aise



decline



drop



fall



lower


等。可用


by



示是净增减的数或倍数,例如“„


increas e


by


40


%”

< br>,表示“增加


40


%”


;而


to


表示增加或


减少到某个具体数值。







C


相关与差别








There was a significant linear correlation between



a nd




„与„有显著的线性相关性







⑩„


showed no strong correlation between



and

< p>



„显示„与„无密切相关性







⑩„


correlated positively with




„与„呈正相关








A negative correlation was found between



and




发现„与„呈负相关








There was


< p>
were




no



significant difference

< br>(


s



or

< br>(


No



significan t difference



s


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