分词作状语用法
经典短句-
仅供个人参考
For personal
use only in study and research; not for commercial
use
分词作状语用法是所有分词用法中最重要的，也是最难掌握的。
分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。
一、现在分词作状语
一、现在分词作
状语，表主动、进行，相当于一个状语从句，根据需要可以使用被动式或完
成式。
Studying at the hometown, I
enjoyed the happiest time during my life.
Being ill, she can't go to
work today.
The children ran out of the
room, laughing and jumping.
1. He sent me an e-mail, ________ to
get further information.
A.
hoped
B. hoping
C. to hope
D. hope
2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a
golden carriage ________ the girl and took her
away, ________
into the woods.
A. seizing; disappeared
B.
seized; disappeared
C. seizing;
disappearing
D. seized; disappearing
二、现在分词的时态语态
1.
现在分词的一般式由“动词
+ing
”构成
，其被动式为“
being+
动词过去分词”
< br>。
例如：
The
students standing there are from Class Three.
The English novel being
translated by the editor now will be completed in
October.
2.
现在分词的完成式由“
having
+
动词过去分词”构成，其被动式为“
having +bee
n+
动词过
去分词”
。
例如：
Having finished all
the work, they had a good rest.
Having been given the right answer, the
teacher asked me to sit down.
Given more time, we will finish the
work in time.
3.
现在分词的否定式为“
not +
动词
-ing
”
，被动式的否定式为“
not+being+
动词过去分词”
，<
/p>
其完成式的否定式为“
not + having
+
动词过去分词”
。
例如：
Not knowing what to do,
he sat there crying.
Not being noticed
by the public, the young writer felt a little
pity.
1.
_______
from
heart
trouble
for
years,
Professor
White
has
to
take
some
medicine
with
him
wherever he goes.
A. Suffered
B.
Suffering
C.
Having suffered
D. Being suffered
2. Finding her car stolen, _______.
A.
a policeman was asked to help
B.
the area was searched thoroughly
C. it
was looked for everywhere
D. she hurried to a policeman for help
二、过去分词作状语
过去分词只有一
种形式，即
done
，表被动。
The mother came in, followed by her
son.
When
heated
，
water will be turned
into steam.
Deeply moved by
the film, we all cried.
Born into a poor family, he had no more
than two years of schooling.
1
．
_____
from the top of the TV
tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of
the city.
A. To see
B. Seen
C. Seeing
D. See
2. _____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the
most famous universities in the United Stated.
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仅供个人参考
A. being
founded
B.
Founded
C. It
was founded
D.
Founding
三、过去分词与
V-ing
作状语的区别
1.
分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。
2.
V-ing
表示主动、进行的动作；
2.
过去分词表示被动。
Seen
from a distance, the mountain looked like an
elephant.
Seeing the
mountain, he always thinks of his childhood.
1.
_______
in
the
queue
for
half
an
hour,
Tom
suddenly
realized
that
he
had
left
his
wallet
at
home.
A. To wait
B. Have waited
C. Having waited
D. To have waited
2. ____
alone in the dark room, the little boy was so
frightened as to cry.
A. Leaving
B.
Left
C. To be left
D. Having left
3._____ by the beauty of nature, the
girl from London decided to spend another two days
on the
farms.
A. Attracting
B.
Attracted
C. To be attracted
D. Having attracted
4. The children ran out of the room,
______.
A laughed and
jumped
B To laugh and jump
C laughing and
jumping
D laugh and jump
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.
______ (see) from the top of the hill, the city
looks beautiful to us.
2. ______ (give)
time, he’ll make a first class tennis
player.
3. ______ (look) out
of the window, I found many children playing on
the playground.
3
、连词
< br>+
分词做状语：分词做状语常和某些连词连用，表示分词是做什么状语，常见的和
分词连用的连词有
When
，
because
，
if
，
though
，
once
，
unless
等。
1. Generally speaking, ______ according
to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. When taking
B. when taken
C. when to take
D. when to be taken
2
．
______, this
film can never been forgotten.
A Once seeing B
once having seen
C Once seen
D
Once to see
四、分词作状语相当于状语从句
分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。
一、用作时间状语，分词
(
短语
)
用作时间状语通常可转换成由
when,
while, after,
before
等引
导时间状语从句。
典型例句
Seeing the
cat, the mouse ran off.
=When [As soon as] the mouse saw the
cat, it ran off.
高考实例
When
______different cultures, we often pay attention
only to the differences without noticing the
many similarities.
A. compared
B.
being compared
C. comparing
D.
having compared
二、用作原因状语，分词
(
短语
)
用作原因状语通常可转换成由<
/p>
as, because, since, now that
等
引导的原因状语从句。
Being very weak, she couldn't move.
=
As she was very weak, she
couldn’t move.
(1) _____with so much trouble, we
failed to complete the task on time.
A. Faced
B. Face
C. Facing
D. To face
(2) ____for the
breakdown of the school computer network, Alice
was in low spirits.
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