八年级下册英语 unit1

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2021年02月19日 01:20
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2021年2月19日发(作者:南宁旅游)


Unit 1


重点单词



Matter



n.


事情,问题



















sore



adj.


疼痛的,酸痛的










stomachache n.


胃痛,腹痛





Neck




n.


颈;


脖子





















stomach




n.


胃,


腹部













throat




n.


喉


咙,咽喉




Fever




n


.


发烧
























cough





n.


咳嗽


















toothache


n.


牙痛




Headache



n .


头痛























hurt






v.



疼痛,受伤










passenger



n.


乘客,旅客





Bandage





v.


用绷带包扎
















nosebleed



n.



鼻出血












breathe




V


.


呼吸






Sunburned



adj.



晒伤的



















climber



n.


登山者















risk



危险,


风险



Accident



n. (


交通


)


事故,


意外事故









situation



n.


情景,




状态











knife n.


刀




Blood




n.


血




























importance




n.


重要性,重要







decision



.


决定,抉择



Spirit



n.


勇气,


意志






















death



n.


死,


死亡













nurse



n.


护士



重点短语




What


’


s the matter with you ? = What


’


s wrong with you ? = What


’


s the trouble with you



?



Sore


throat





喉咙痛






















have


a


stomachache


胃痛












take


one


’


s


temperature


量体温



See


the


dentist



看牙医




















have


a


fever





发烧
















have


a


headache



头痛



Go



along



沿着


…



走





















get


off


下车























wait


for




等待



To one


’


s surprise




令某人吃惊














thanks to


由于





















in time


及


时



Think


about






考虑






















agree


to


do


sth


同义做某事













have


a


nosebleed


流鼻血



Fall down





摔倒

























be interested in


对


…


..


感兴趣










be used


to doing sth


习惯于


…




Take risks (take a risk )


冒险

















one of + n


复数





、


、


、


、


之一










run out (of )


用尽;耗尽



Cut


off



切除





























get


out


of



离开,从


……


出来









be


in


control of






掌握,管理



Make


a


decision


做决定




















keep


on


doing


sth




持续做某事








give


up



放弃



Have trouble (in)doing sth



做某事有困难





expect sb to do sth




期望某人做某事





重、难点句子


:



1)


He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus



他希望大多数乘客或所有的乘客都会下车等下一辆公共汽车。



这个句子理解的时候主要要求掌握几个短语。



期望某人做某事


“


expect sb to do sth


”





get


off


“


下车


”



wait for


“


等待


”



例子:


I expect Tom to be a skilled worker




我期望汤姆做个技术工人







练习:


1.


—


You look sad. What has happened ?


—


Everyone _______ us to win the math, but we lost.



A.



expects














B. expected











C. hopes









D. hoped


2)


But to his surprise , they all agreed to go with him


但是令他惊讶 的是,他们都同意和他一


起去




Surprise



是名词,



表示


“惊讶”


时,



是不可数名词。



常用短语:


in surprise



惊讶地;



to one


’


s surprise


使< /p>


…


.


惊讶的。



表示


“令人惊讶的事


/


意外之事”


时,



是可数名词。



Surprise



还可以作及物动词,



意思是“使


…


惊讶



,常用短语



surprise sb .



例子:



It was a great surprise



to learn of her marriage.


得知她结婚是一件十分令人惊喜的事。





Surprised


为形容词,



意思是“感到惊讶的”



surprising


也是形容词,



意思是“令人感到


惊讶的



To one


’


s surprise



与


in surprise


的区别



To one


’


s surprise


< /p>


“使。


。感到惊讶的”


,常位于句首,做 状语,



表示行为的结果。




例子:


To our surprise , the door was unlocked .


令我们吃惊的是门没有锁。



In surprise


“


惊奇地”常位于动词之后做状语。



表示方式。





例子:



John looked at me in surprise


约翰惊奇的望着我。



3


)


Do you agree



that people often do not help others because they



do not want to get into


trouble ?


你同意人们经常不帮助别人是因为他们不想惹上麻烦吗?



Trouble


是名词,



意为“烦恼,苦恼,问题”


,



通常是不可数名词,



使用时注意以下


句型和结构:



1.



have trouble (in) doing sth



表示“做某事有困难”


,


< p>
其中的介词


in


在口语中通常可以


省略,但通常不能改为不定式。




例子:



We had on trouble (in)finding his office




我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室。




2. have trouble with




表示“有


…


.


毛病;同


…


.


闹纠纷






例子:



He is having trouble with teeth .


他正牙痛



into trouble




是固定短语,



意为“陷入困境;



造成麻烦






例子:



He


’


s always getting into trouble (with the teacher).


他老闯祸(给老师惹麻烦)



4


)



As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.


作为一个登山者,



阿伦习惯于冒


险



这个句子需要注意以下



1. be used to



为“习惯于。


。< /p>


。


。


;


适应于。


。


。


”


,



后常接动词、代词或现在分词。





be used to doing sth .


表示


”


习惯于 做某事


”


. be used to do sth



表示“


……



被用来做某


事



例子:





I am used t o eating rice now.


我现在习惯吃大米。












The knife can used to cut meat




这把刀能用来切肉。











Take risks



“


冒险”



相当于



take a risk




例子:





We do not expect untrained people to take risks .


我们不主张未受过训练的人员去冒


险。





5)


On April 26, 2003, he found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah.




在


200 3


年


4


月


26


日,当他在尤他州爬山时发现自己处在一个很危险的状况里。



Situation


是名词,



意为“位置;形势;情况”多指国家的政治局势、经济状态等,



是


可数名词。



其形容词是


situational,


意为“环境形成的”


。



例子:



This situation is unfavourable for us



这样的情况对我们来说是不利的。



6


)


On that day , Aron


’


s arm was caught



under a 2, 000-kilo rock that fell on him when he


was climbing by himself in the mountains.


那天,当他独自在山上 攀登的时候,阿伦的胳膊


被一个落在他身上


2000


公斤重的岩石压住了。




2,000-kilo


是由连字符和其他名词构成的名词性短语,


< br>当他做定语的时候,该名词只能


用单数形式。




例子:


She is a 6-year-old girl .


她是一个六岁大的女孩。


= she is a 6 years old girl



7)


But when his water ran out , he knew that he would have to do something to save his own


life.



但当他的水用光的时候,



他知识他必须做点什么来挽救自己的生命。




out of


“


用尽,耗完


”





例如:



I have run out of



notepaper


我们已用完了信纸





































They have run out of their food



他们的食物已经用完


了



2.



have to do something


“


一定要做点什么;



和


…


..


有关


”






例如:


You have to do something about your text








你必须为你的考试做些什么了。




8


)



Then ,with his left arm , he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood



然后,他用左手臂用绷带包扎自己,



这样他不会失血太多。










too much


“


太多,太过于


”


,做定语


修饰不可数名词


,还可以单独用作主语、表语、状


语等,


,



too


是副词,



much


是形容词,



意为“许多的,大量的”



例子:



I have too much homework to do



我有太多的家庭作业要做
















There is too much water in the glasses


杯子里有太多的水




由此我们可以回忆一下之前我们学习过的




much too



是什么意思呢?



much too



是


“太、


非 常”


的意思,


其实


much

< p>
在这里表示


“大”


的意思,


是用来加强


too


的


语气,



常用来修饰形容词和副词




例子:


You


’


re much too fat



你太胖了







以前我们还学过


too many


的 用法,


他是用来修饰可数名词的复数的。



这个短语的中心词是


many ,too


只是用来修饰


many







例子:



There are too many apples in



the basket





在篮子里有太多的苹果。



练习:


1.


—



look ! There is a big river , Let


’


s swim in it !



—



No


,



I think it


’


s _____ dangerous


A.



much


too












B.


too


much














C.


too


many















D.




many too






2.


—



Why are you so tired



these days ?







—



Well , I have _______




work to do




A.


too


much














B.


too


many















C.


much


too














D.


many too




9)



In this book , Aron tells of the importance of making



good decision , and of being



in


control of one


’


s life



.


在这本书中阿伦讲述了 做出重要选择的重要性,以及掌握自己生命的


重要性。






1.


importance



是不可数名词,



意为“重要性,重要“,其形容词是



important



“

< p>
重要


的


”


,



例子:



This matter is of vital importance



to us



这件事对我们来说至关重要。



2.



decision


是名词




,


意为


“决定,


抉择

“。



decision


经常与


make , reach, arrive at , give ,


come to


等词连用(但不可用


do


)均表示


”


作出决 定


”







例子:



We can


’


t make a decision



without our chairman.



主席不在场,我们不能做决定。



与


decision


有关的短语



decision about




关于。


。


。的决定



















decision on







关于。


。


。的决


定



come to a decision


决定下来
























give a decision





做出决定



make a decision



做决定



























reach a



decision




达成协议




wrong decision


错误的决定



























3.



control


做名词,



意为




“掌握,控制“常用短语”


be in control of


”





例子:



They were in complete



control of the situation




他们完全掌握了局势。




10)



Aron


did



not


give


up



after


the


accident



and


keeps


on


climbing


mountains


today .



阿伦在那次事故过后并没有放弃,



现在坚持爬山。








1. give up


是动词短语,



意为


“放弃


“,



指行为或努力受挫或被的原因而主动放弃,



可用作及物动词,跟名词或


V.-ing


做宾语



。



也可做不及物动词。




例子:



You ought to give up smoking , I gave up last year




你应该戒烟,



我去年就戒


掉了。







易混词组



give up



意义及用法




give


up



指行为或努力受挫或别的原因而主


动 放弃,



可做及物动词,



跟名词或动名词做


宾语,



也可作不及物动词。




例句



The window was strong and the waves were big , so


had to give up his attempt to swim the channel


。



风


浪高,他只好放弃横渡海峡的打算



give



in




give


in



意为“让步,屈服“指不再坚持自


As


neither


of


the


two


sides


would


give


in


,


己的行为或观点等,



而按照别人的要求去做,



agreement fell through .


由于双 发不肯让步,所以


一般做不及物动词



能达成协议



give


out



意为“用完,耗尽,体力不 支“是


不及物动词



give



out




After


a


long


journey


,


my


strength


gave


out


couldn


’


t walk any father .


已经走了很长的路,我


筋疲力尽,再也走不 动了。





练习:


1.



It was a difficult



time for the quake-hit victims(


牺牲者,受害者


) in Ya


’


an, but they


didn


’


t



_______



hope .



A.


give


up

















B.


give


off













C.




give


in



















D. give out



2.I feel it hard to keep up with my classmates in study and sometimes I lose heart . But



whenever(


不管什么时候


) I want to ____


,



my teacher always encourage me to work harder .



A.


go


on
















B.


run


away












C.


give


up



















D. look out




2. keep on


意为“



反复的做“,



继续进行。



常用句型是


keep on doing sth




意为”继续


(或坚持)做某事“




例子:



She kept on working although she was tired .



她虽然很疲惫但任继续工作






















Keep on with



后可加名词或代词,



意为“继续


……


“


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