(完整)上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结,推荐文档

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2021年02月20日 23:41
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2021年2月20日发(作者:成年轻人电影免费20岁)


上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结



一般现在时




1



定义:


表示经常发生或习惯性的 动作、


状态。


句中通常有


usuall y



often


every day



sometimes



always



at weekends



on Sundays


等表示经常性时间的短语。







2


、构成:



1


)当谓语是


be


动词


时,一般现在时的构成:


主语+


be

< br>动词+其他



如:


I am a student.



He is


Jim’s father.



They


are from Japan.



2


)当谓语是


行为动词


时,一般现在时的构成:




主语


(非第三人称单数)


+动词原形 +其他



如:


I often watch TV at the weekends.

















Mr Green and Mrs Green like collecting stamps.



主语


(第三人称单数)


+动词的第三人称单数形式+其他



如:


Jim usually visits his grandparents on Sundays.






She sometimes goes to the park with her mother.






3



动词三单形式


的变化规则:





一般情况下,直接加


s



如:


read- reads



swim-swims





s



x



sh



ch



o


结尾,加


es



如:


wash- washes



watch- watches



do-does





辅音字 母+


y


结尾,变


y


i


,再加


es



如:


study- studies



fly-flies




不规则变化



如:


have-has



4


、一般现在时的句型转换:



肯定句



They


watch


TV


every day.


否定句



一般疑问句及回答



They


don’t watch


TV



Do


they


watch


TV every day?


every day.



Yes, they


do


. / No, they


don’t


.


She


watches


TV


She


doesn’t



watch





Does


she


watch


TV every day?


every day.


TV every day.



Yes, she


does


. / No, she


doesn’t


.





现在进行时




1


、定义:表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。句中常有


now



look



listen


等词。



如:


I am washing clothes now.






Look! Liu Tao is climbing the tree.






Listen! Jane is singing in the music room.




2

< br>、构成:


be


动词(


am/is /are



+


动词现在分词(


V-ing




< /p>


3



动词现在分词


构成:





一般是在动词原形后加


ing



如:


read- reading



drink- drinking



eat- eating



look-looking




以不发音的


e


结尾的动词,去掉


e


,再加


ing



如:


write- writing



make- making



ride- riding



take-taking




以重读闭音节结尾,如末尾只有一 个辅音字母,要双写这个字母,再加


ing



如:


sit- sitting



swim- swimming



put- putting



run- running



stop- stopping



get- getting



begin- beginning



jog- jogging



forget-forgetting



4



动名词


其实就是动词的现在分词,


它既有名词性质

(可作主语)



又有动词性质


(可 带宾语)




如:


Asking the way


My hobby is collecting stamps.


He is good at skating.




5


、现在进行时的句型转换:



肯定句



否定句



一般疑问句及回答




Is


he


running


now?


He


is running


now.


He


isn’t running


now.





Yes, he


is


. / No, he


isn’t


.





Are


they


making


a puppet?




Yes, they


are


. / No, they


aren’t


.


They


are making




a puppet.





They


aren’t making




a puppet.




一般过去时



1


、定义:表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:

< br>a moment ago



just now



yesterday



last week



this morning


等。



如:


My brother often went to school by bike last term.


The watch was beside the diary a moment ago.


I watched the moon and ate the moon cakes last Mid- Autumn Festival.


Jim went to the supermarket yesterday.



2


、构成:


主语



动词 的过去式



其他




3



动词过 去式


的变化规则:





一般在动词原形末尾加


ed



如:


play- played



listen- listened



look-looked





结尾是


e


的动词,加


d






如:


live- lived



like- liked



taste-tasted




辅音字母+


y


结尾的动词,变


y



i


,再加


ed






如:


study- studied



carry- carried



cry-cried




末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音 节词,双写这个辅音字母,再加


ed






如:


stop- stopped



plan-planned




不规则变化



如:


am/is-was


are- were


have/has-had


do-did


go-went


say-said


sing-sang


swim-swam


take-took


sit-sat


tell-told


see-saw


get-got


make-made


give-gave


read-read


buy-bought


come-came


draw-drew


eat-ate


fly-flew


meet-met


put-put


run-ran

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