(完整版)译林小学英语语法点汇总资料
-
语法及练习
1
be
动词
Be
动词的用法：
(1) Am--was Is --was Are--
were
口诀：我用
am,
你用
are, is
用在他她它，复数
全用
are
。
(2)
肯定和否定句
I am (not) from London. He is(not) a
teacher. She is(not) in the dining room.
My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not)
small.
(3)
一般疑问句
Am I a
Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Are they American? Yes, they
are. No,
they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it
isn’t.
用恰当的
be
动词填空。
1.
I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jack's
sister.
3. The dog _______
tall and fat.
4. The man
with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5.
______ your brother in the classroom?
6. Where _____ your mother? She ______
at home.
7. How _______
your father?
8. Mike and
Liu Tao ______ at school.
9. Whose dress ______ this?
10. Whose socks ______ they?
11. That ______ my red
skirt.
12. Who ______ I?
jeans ______ on the desk.
14. Here ______ a scarf for
you.
15. Here ______ some
sweaters for you.
16. The
black gloves ______ for Su Yang.
17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang
Ling.
18. The two cups of
milk _____ for me.
19. Some
tea ______ in the glass.
20. Gao shan's shirt _______ over
there.
21. My sister's name
______Nancy.
22. This ______ not Wang
Fang's pencil.
23. ______
David and Helen from England?
24. There ______ a girl in the room.
25. There ______ some
apples on the tree.
26.
_______ there any kites in the classroom?
27. _______ there any apple
juice in the bottle?
28.
There _______ some bread on the plate.
29. There _______ a boy, two girls,
three men and ten women in the park.
30. You, he and I ______ from China.
语法及练习
2
人称代词和物主代词
人称代词和物主代词
1
．人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候
位于
than
之
后），宾格一般位于
动词或介词之后。
2
．物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单
独使用，后面不带名词。
一
.
填写代词表主格
。
I
you
his
hers
it
we
your
them
二
.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. That is not _________ kite. That
kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I
)
2. The dress is _________. Give it to
_________. ( she )
3. Is
this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________
. ( I )
4. _________ is my
brother. ________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps
are _________. ( he )
5.
_________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are
_________? ( you )
6. Here
are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she )
7. I can find my toy, but
where’s ______
___? ( you )
8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
9. I have a beautiful cat.
_________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________.
( it )
10. Are these
________ tickets? No, ________ are not _________.
________ aren’t here. ( they )
11.
Shall _________ have a look at that classroom?
That is _________ classroom. ( we )
12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know
_________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she )
13. That is not _________
camera. _________is at home. ( he )
14. Where are _________? I can’t find
_________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
15. Don’t touch _________.
_________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!
16. _________ sister is
ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
17. _________ don’t know
her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
1
8. So many
dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )
19. I have a lovely brother. _________
is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )
20. May I sit beside
_________? ( you )
21. Look
at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it
）
girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )
语法及练习
3
名词复数和动词三单
一、名词复数规则
1
．一般情况下，直接加
-s
，如：
book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-
beds
2
．以
s. x. sh. ch
结尾，加
-es
，如：
bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch- watches
3
．以
“
辅音字母
+y”
结尾，
变
y
为
i,
再加
-es
，如：
family-
families, strawberry-strawberries
4
．以
“f
或
fe”
结尾，变
f
或<
/p>
fe
为
v,
再
加
-es
，如：
knife-
knives
5
．不规则名词复数：
man-men, woman-women, policeman-
policemen,
policewoman-policewomen,
mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth
fish-fish,
people-people, Chinese-
Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
练习：写出下列各词的复数。
I _________
him
_________
this _______
her ______
watch _______ book_______
child _______ photo ________ diary
______
day________
foot________ dress ________
tooth_______ sheep ______
box_______
strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo
______
peach______ sandwich ______
man______
woman_______ paper_______
people________
二．动词三单的变化规则
1
．一般情况下，直接加
-s
，如：
cook-cooks, milk-
milks
2
．以
s. x. sh. ch.
o
结尾，加
-es
，如：
guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches,
go-goes
3
．以
“
辅音字母
+y”
结尾，
变
y
为
i,
再加
-es
，如：
study-
studies
练习
:
写出下列动词的第三人称单数
。
drink ________
go _______
stay ________
make ________
look _________
have_______
pass_______
carry ____
come________
watch______
plant_______
fly ________
study_______
brush________
teach_______
语法及练习
4
一般现在时
一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍
一般现在时的功能
1.
表示事物或人物的特征、状态。
如：
The sky is
blue.
天空是蓝色的。
2.
表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如
：
I get up at six every
day.
我每天六点起床。
3.
表示客观现实。如：
The
earth goes around the
sun.
地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1. be
动词：主语
+be(am,is,are)+
其它。如：
I am a boy.
我是一个男孩。
2.
行为
动词：主语
+
行为动词
(+
其它
)
。如：
We
study English.
我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数
(he, she,it)
时，要在动词后加
或
。如：
Mary likes
Chinese.
玛
丽喜欢汉语。
一般现在时的变化
1.
be
动词的变化。否定句：主语
+ be + not
+
其它。如：
He is not a
worker.
他不是工人。
一般疑问句：
Be +
主语
+
其它。如：
-Are
you a student?
-Yes. I am.
/ No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句：疑问词
+
一般疑问句。如：
Where is my bike?
2.
行为动词的变化。
否定句：
主语
+ don't( doesn't
) +
动词原形
(+
其它
)
。
如：
I don't
like bread.
当主语
为第三人称单数时，要用
doesn't
构成否定句。
如：
He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句：
Do( Does ) +
主语
+
动词原形
+
< br>其它。
如：
- Do you
often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语
为第三人称单数时，要用
does
构成一般疑问句。
如：
- Does she go to
work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑
问句：疑问词
+
一般疑问句。
如：
How does your father go to work?
一般现在时用法专练
:
一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have)
dinner at home.
2. Daniel
and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to
the zoo on Sunday.
5.
______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often
_______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read)
newspapers every day?
8.
The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take)
a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in
the bottle.
11. Mike
_______(like) cooking.
12.
They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her
baby carefully.
14. You
always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in
bed.
16. She _______(go) to
school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often
_______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have)
eight lessons this term.
20.
－
What day
_______(be) it today?
－
It’s Saturday.
二、按照要求改写句子。
1. Daniel watches TV every
evening.(
改为否定句
)
_
__________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every
day.(
改为一般疑问句，作否定回答
)
< br>_______________________________________________ _________
3. She likes
milk.(
改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答
)
___________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer
games.(
改为一般疑问句，作否定回答
)
_____________________________________________
______
5. We go to school
every morning.(
改为否定句
)
_____________________________________________
__________
6. He speaks
English very well.(
改为否定句
)
_________________________________________
__________
7. I like taking
photos in the park.(
对划线部分提问
)
_______________________________________
_________________
8. John
comes from Canada.(
对划线部分提问
)
_______________________________________
____________
9. She is
always a good
student.(
改为一般疑问句，作否定回答
)
___________________________________________
_____________
10. Simon and
Daniel like going
skating.(
改为否定句
)
_
__________________________________________________
三、改错
(
划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上
)
1. Is your brother speak
English? __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing?
__________________
3. He
likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us
English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on
Sundays. _________________
语法及练习
5
现在进行时
现在进行时
1
．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现
阶
段正在进行的动作。
2
．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为
be+
动词
ing.
3
．
现在进行时的否定句在
be
后加
not
。
4
．现在进行时的一般疑问句把
be
动词调到
句首。
5
．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意
+
be +
主语
+
动词
ing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为：
疑问词不达意
+ be +
动词
ing?
动词加
ing
的变化规则
1
．一般情况下，直接加
ing
，如：
cook-cooking
2
．以不发音的
e
结尾，去
e
加
< br>ing
，如：
make-making, taste-
tasting
3
．如果末尾是一
个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加
ing
，如：
run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习
：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词
：
play________
run__________
swim _________ make__________
go_________
like________
write________
ski___________
read________
have_________
sing ________ dance_________
put_________
see________
love_________ live_______
take_________
come ________
get_________
stop_________ sit ________
begin________
shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
boy __________________ ( draw)a
picture now.
2. Listen
.Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the
classroom .
3. My mother
_________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ (
do ) now?
5. Look . They
_______________( have) an English lesson .
____________(not ,water)
the flowers now.
! the
girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
is our granddaughter
doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We
_____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash
)clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、句型转换：
1. They are doing housework
.(
分别改成一般疑问句和否定句
)
__________________________________________________
___________
___________________________
__________________________________
2
．
The students
are cleaning the classroom . (
改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答
)
__________________________________________________
_______________
_______________________
__________________________________________
3
．
I’m
playing the football in the playground
.(
对划线部分进行提问
)
____
__________________________________________________
___________
4
．
Tom is reading
books in his study .
(
对划线部分进行提问
)
_____
__________________________________________________
__________
语法及练习
6
将来时
将来时
一、概念
：
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、
计划或准备做某事。
句中一般有以下时间状语：
tomorrow, next day(week,
month, year…),soon, the day after
tomorrow
（后天）等。
二、基本结构：
①
be going
to + do
；
②
will+ do.
三、否定句
：在
be
动词
（
am, is, are
）
l
后加
not
或情态动词
will
后加
not
成
won’t
。
例如：
I’m going to have a
picnic this afternoon.
→
I’m not going to have a picnic this
afternoon.
四、一般疑问句：
< br>be
或
will
提到句首，
some
改为
any, and
改为
or
，第一二人称互换。
例如：
We are going to go on
an outing this weekend.
→
Are you going to go on an outing this
weekend?
五、对划线部分
提问：
一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1.
问人。
Who
例如：
I’m going to New York
soon.
→
Who’s going to New
York soon.