综合英语(1)第二单元
-
Unit 2
Learning objectives
How to talk about jobs
如何谈论工作
How to talk about places you‘ve
lived
如何谈论生活过的地方
How to talk about your
fantasies
如何谈论梦想
How to talk about your family
如何谈论家庭
Lesson 9
How Long Have You Been a Waitress?
Background: Tina Marco is starting a
new job as a waitress
at Frank's
Restaurant. She talks to Marge, a waitress in the
restaurant. Later, Tina's brother comes
into the restaurant.
Focus
Questions
long do you think Tina has
been in Clinton? Why?
2.
How old do you think Marge is
roughly(
大概）
? How do
you know?
3. How
long has Marge been a waitress?
4. How many children do Tina's parents
have?
Listen to the
dialogue
Answers to the Focus Questions
1
．
How long do you
think Tina has been in Clinton? Why?
Most probably
just a couple of months. It should be in
the summer vacation now because she
said she was going
to be in senior high
school in fall and she just moved to
Clinton in the beginning of June.
2
．
How old do you
think Marge is roughly? How do you
know?
She should
be around 40 because she has known the
owner of the restaurant for about
thirty five years since
kindergarten.
3
．
How
long has Marge been a waitress?
For twenty years.
4
．
How many
children do Tina's parents have?
3 boys and 2 girls. (Altogether five.)
Language points in the dialogue
可以用来表示比较肯定的猜测，如：
The door is
closed. He must be out.
门锁了，他一定出去了。
The
room must be empty because nobody
answers the door.
房间里没有人应门，里面一定没有人。
2.A senior
高中或大学里毕业年级的学生。这里就指高中
毕业班的学生了。
3.
一般来说，英语
中谈论去过某地或在某地住过多长时
间，用现在完成时。
I„v
e only lived here since the
beginning
of June.
我是六月份以来才住到这里的。
How
long have you lived in Clinton?
你在
Clinton
住了多长时
间？
4. No
kidding.
相当于
You are kidding!
You are joking!
别
骗人了！你在开玩笑吧？
！表示怀疑或惊讶。
are
telling me.
相当于
You don't need to tell me. I
know that.
表示说话人并不是很喜欢听到对方说的
内
容。这还用你来告诉我啊！言下之意，我当然知道了。
6. Make good money,
挣很多钱，
收入不错。
如：
H
e almost
can„t
make enough
money to bring the kids up.
他挣钱
少，几乎养活不了那几个孩子。
7.
How's it going?
熟悉的人见面是互相问候常用语，
< br>“
近
来怎么样？
”“
你好吗？
”
相当于
How have you been?
How are
things going on? How are you?
-looking
漂亮的、好看的、潇洒的。英语中经常
有这样的将几个词语连起来当作一个词的用法，如：
300-hun
dred-meter-high building,
300
米高的大楼；
Have
you
noticed that funny-voice man over there?
你注意到
了那边那个声音怪怪的人吗？
一张三条腿的桌子：
a three-leg
table
；
左撇子：
left-handed
he older or younger than
you?
是个含有比较级的选择
性疑问句，注意其中
than
(
与
…
相比
)
的用法。
He is older than me.
他比我大。
He is one year older than
me.
他比我大一岁。
This desk is one meter
longer than the other one.
形容词或副词的最高级一般有两种方式构成：
一是
在单音节形容词或副词后直接
+est,
二是由
“
most +
多音节形容词或副词原形
”
构成。
< br>如：
Mary is the tallest
in the class, and Jane is the most
beautiful one.
1
s,
除了（前面或即将提到的事情）以外，（还
有某事）。如：
He can speak Russian and Korean besides
English.
除了英语外他还会讲俄语和韩国语。
I don„t
like that new dictionary; besides, it
is too expensive.
我不
喜欢那本新词典，
另外，它也太贵了。
(for),
除了
…(
意思是
except
后面的内容是不
包括在内
)
。如：
The
restaurant is open everyday except
Monday.
饭店除了周一每天都开门。
child
独生子（女）。
Only child policy
独生子女政策
Only
children
are
sometimes
spoilt.
独生子女有时被
宠坏了。
Lesson 12
Partitives,
the other
one
and
the others(P19)
Lesson 13
I See
From Your Resume… p.13
Doug
Lee
is
in
Chicago
to
be
interviewed
for
a
job as the
director of a recreation program for teenagers.
Bill
Dow
runs
the
Community
Services
Agency
and
is
interviewing Doug. Doug comes from
Seattle, and he tells
Mr. Dow about his
work there and the reasons he'd like to
change his jobs and move to Chicago.
Focus Questions
did Doug Lee get his
experience in sales?
2. Why does Doug want to
change his job?
3. Where does he want
to move to?
Listen to the
dialogue
Answers to the
Focus Question
1. How did
Doug Lee get his experience in sales?
His parents have a store. He used to
work there after
school.
2. Why does Doug want to change his
job?
He likes both athletes
and counseling. This new job
may give
him both. Also, he's been in Seattle his
whole life, and he is ready for a
change now.
3. Where does
he want to move to?
Chicago.
Language points in the dialogue
简历，
英式英语中用
curriculum
vitae
简称
C.V..
experience in
(doing) sth.
在某方面富有经验。
John
doesn„t
have much experience
in speaking in public. John
在大庭广众之前讲话没有什么经验。
In public
在公众场
合。
to do sth.
过去常常做某事，现在已经不再做了。
We used to
climb up the hill behind the house, but the hill
is not there now. What a pity!
注意
used to do sth
和
be (get) used to sth
之间的
区别。
Be (get)
used to
sth.
习惯于，
适应于
… I„m
not used
to being pushed in the huge
crowd of people.
我不习惯于
在人群中被挤来挤去。
4.
In one„s
earl
y teens
在少年时期里。
Teens
指年龄在
13~19
岁之间的青少年，
earl
y
指这个年龄段中较早的少
年时期。
三十出头：
in their early thirties
表示在某人的童年、少年、几十岁
的时候，英语中常
用介词
in,
如：
in her childhood /
twenties / forties.
al
education
(PE)
，
体育课。
Guidance
counselor
指
导员、
咨询员
。
Athletics
田径运动
（
athletics me
eting
田径运动会）
。
athle
te
田径运动员。
He was a great
athlete.
他是一个很棒的运动员。
ready for sth / to do sth
为（做）某事做好了准备，
准备好了
（
做）
某事。
I'm not sure John is
ready for the new
job.
我不确信
John
已经准备好开始他的新的工作。
I
am sure John is ready to start his new
job.
我确信
John
已经准备好开始他的新的工作。
ication
资历、
资格；
证书，
文凭。
Qualification
常
常用做复数，
Qualificat
ions,
指资格、资历，后面一般
用介词
for
。如：
What sort
of qualifications do you need
for the
job?
做这项工作需要什么资格？
Lesson 15
A Changing Work Force p.15
Focus Questions
1.
How is the
work force changing in terms
of skilled
white-collar workers?
2.
What kind of change is there for lawyers in the
last 25
years?
3. How about women's role in the work
force? Are there
any changes for them?
4. Can you list some jobs
which show declining numbers
of people?
Listen to the passage
Grammatical structure
Look
at the following sentences found in the passage.
2
现在完成时结构：
have +
过去分词。如：
America's skilled white-
collar work force has
overtaken the
ranks of skilled blur-collar workers for the
first time.
… women
have
shown steady advancement and
upward
mobility …
Certain occupations have
declined overall in recent
years.
现在进行时结构：动词
be (am, is, are) +
现在分词。如：
Is the work force changing
in American life?
…
America is becoming
a nation of lawyers …
现在完成进行时：助动词
has / have + been +
现在分词。
如：
The number of
jobs …
has been steadily shrinking.
现在完成时用来表示到说话时刻以前发生的动
作或情况，
对现在有一定影响。
要么是从时间上要么是
从结果上跟现在有一定联系。
现在进行时表示现在（说话人说话的时刻）
< br>正在发生的动作，可以与
now, at present, at this
(very)
moment, these days
等时间
状语连用，也可不带时间状
语。如：
What are you doing now,
John?
你现在正在干什
么，
John?
James is looking for his keys
everywhere. He always
forgets things
about. James
在到处寻找钥匙。
他总是这样
丢三落四。
现在完成进行时表示动作或状态从
过去某一时间
开始一直延续到现在或离现在不远的时间。
这一动
作或
状态是否继续下去，
则有上下文而定。
这一时态多用于
表示持续性的动词，如
do, live, learn, lie, stay, sit, wait,
stand, rest, study
等等。并且常和包括
现在在内的时间
短语如
all
this time, this week, this month, all night, all
the morning, recently
等状语以及
since
(
自从
) for (
经历
)
所引导的状语短语或从句连用。如：
What have you been doing all this year?
这一年来你
都干什么来着？
Recently John
has been working on the project day
and
night.
近来
John
夜以继日地在项目上工作着。
How long have
you been living here?
你在这里住多
久了？
David, you've
come back finally. Susan has been
waiting for you for the last 3 years. D
avid
，你终于回来
了，
Susan
一直等了你三年了。
现在完
成时用来强调到说话时刻以前发生的动作
或情况，
这一动作往往
已经完成，
不会继续下去的。
而
现在完
成进行时则表示动作或状态从过去某一时间开
始一直延续到说话时刻，
< br>强调的是这一动作从过去某时
以来一直在进行着，这正是
–
ing
分词要表达的含义，
有时这一动作或状态还可能要继续下去。
Language Points in the
reading text
1. According
to statistics, America„s skilled
white
-collar
work force has
overtaken the ranks of skilled blue-collar
workers for the first time.
根据数据，
美国的白领工人已
经首次超过蓝领工人的数量。
According to,
根据；依照，按照。既可以放在
句首，也有放在句子中间。
According to our
records, the
books you have borrowed
should now be returned to the
library.
根据我们的记录，你借的书现在该归还到图书
馆了。
The road was some
forty miles long according
to my map.
按照我的地图，这条路有大约四十英里长。
2. Overtake
赶上，超过，追上。
I found myself
behind the
big truck that had overtaken
me.
我发现我落在了那辆大
货车后面，它已经超过我了。<
/p>
the first time,
第一次，头一次。
He's succeeded in
passing the weekly examination for the
first time.
他第一
次顺利地通过了每周例行检查
。
(succeed in doing
something
成功做某事
)
4. Those who worry that America is
becoming a nation of
lawyers may have
some evidence.
这句话里的
who
worry that America is
becoming a nation of lawyers
是
those
的定语从句，
those
指定语从句所描述的
“
那些
人
”
。其中的
that
从句又是动词
worry
的宾语从句。
5. There are now 1.4 lawyers for every
farmer , whereas
twenty-five years ago
there were 4.5 farmers for every
lawyer.
现在一个农民有一点四个律师，而二十五年前
四点五个农民才有一个律师。
6. The proportion of women
doctors is less than one-third ,
while
the percentage of women nurses is still about 90%.
女医生的比例只有三分之一，
而女护士占大约百分之九
十。
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