成人英语阅读理解练习及答案(一)
-娱乐男明星人气排行榜投票
2014
年成人英
语阅读理解练习及答案一
Passage 1
Questions 1-5 are based on the
following passage
A
great
difference
between
American
social
customs
and
those
of
other
countries
is
the
way
in
which
names
are
used.
Americans
have
little
concern
for
especially
socially.
Most
Americans
do
not
want
to
be
treated
in
any
especially
respectful
way
because
of
their
age
or
social
rank;
it
makes
them
feel
uncomfortable.
Many
Americans
even
find
the
terms
or
too
formal.
People
of
all
ages
may
prefer
to be called by their first names.
Using only first names usually
indicates friendliness and acceptance. However, if
you do not feel comfortable using only
first names, it is quite acceptable to be
more
formal.
Just
smile
and
say
that
after
a
while
you
will
use
first
names
but
you
are
accustomed to being more when you first meet
someone.
Very often, introductions are
made using both first and last names:
this is John Jones.
lady
or
begin a conversation
using
last
names,
and
after
a
while
one
or
both
of
you
may
begin
using
first
names
instead.
You
have
a
choice:
if
you
don't
want
to
use
first
names
so
quickly,
no
one
will
think
it impolite if you
continue according to you own custom.
1. In the first paragraph the author
tells us that
A. Americans do not talk
about rank, especially socially
B.
Americans feel uncomfortable when talking about
rank
C. Americans tae interests in
social customs
D. Americans don't care
much about social rank
2. According to
the passage, most Americans feel when they are
treated especially
respectfully owing
to their age or social rank.
A. sick B.
sorry C. uneasy D. embarrassed
3. Which
of the following statements in NOT true?
A. The way names are used in America is
different from those of other countries.
B. Many Americans are used to being
called by their first names.
C.
It shows friendliness and kindness to use only
first names.
D.
When
you
talk
to
people
in
the
United
States,
you
have
to
use
their
first
names.
4.
If
an
American
lady
say
call
me
Mrs
Smith,
just
call
me
Sally.
that
shows
A. she is not a married woman
B. she prefers to be called
C. she is not Mrs Smith
D.
she likes to be more formal
5. The
passage you've just read would most likely be
found in a
A. guide-book for tourists
B. book about American history
C. notice
D. short story
PASSAGE 1
美国与其他国家社会习俗的一个显着不同
是名字的使用方式。
美国人很少关注
级
别
，
特别
是在
社交方面。
多数美国人不想因其年长或者级别高而受到特别的尊敬。
这种特别的尊敬会
让他们感到局促不安。
很多美国人甚至认
为称呼
先生
、
女士
和
小姐
过于正式。
他们无
论年长或者年少可能更愿意别人称他们的名字。
不要称呼我史密斯女士，
就叫我萨利好了。
只称呼名字常常意味着友好和接纳。但是如果只称呼名字你会感到不安，
正式一些是完全
可以接受的。
只要微笑着说过一会儿你会称呼名
字，
但是第一次见面你习惯于比较正式的称
呼。
通常介绍时会同时使用姓和名：
玛丽·史密斯，这位是约翰·琼斯。
在这种情况下，你可<
/p>
以自由决定称呼这位女士
玛丽
还是
史密斯小姐
。你们有时会以称呼对方的姓开始交谈，
不久其
中一人或两人同时开始称呼名字。
你可以选择：
如果你不想这么
快就称呼名字，
没有
人会认为你按照自己的习惯继续称呼姓氏是
不礼貌的。答案解析：
1. D
第
一段讲道美国人很少关注
级别
，特别是在社交方面。多数美国人不想因其年长或
者级别高而受到特别的
尊敬。这种特别的尊敬会让他们感到局促不安。比较四个选项，
D
的
意思最准确、最符合原文。
2.
C
第一段原文提到
多数美国人因其
年长或者级别高而受到特别的尊敬时会感到局促不
安。
所以选<
/p>
C
。
在本文中
应该理解为
局促不安的
（
ill
at
ease;
uneasy
）
.
3.
D
第一段结尾提到
如果只称呼名字你会
感到不安，正式一些是完全可以接受的。只要微
笑着说过一会儿你会称呼名字，
但是第一次见面你习惯于比较正式的称呼。
所以与美国人谈
话并不一定必须（
have
to
）称呼名字。
4.
B
从引文的上下文中可以推断出
<
/p>
Smith
是比较正式的称呼，而美国人更喜欢直接
称呼名字。所以选择
B
5.
A
本文主要介绍美国的社会习俗
-
社交场合的称呼，与历史无关、不是通知的形式、更
不是短篇小
说。所以最可能出现在旅游指南上。
Passage 2
Questions 6-10 are based the following
passage
Long bus rides are like
television shows. They have a beginning, a middle,
and an
end-with commercials thrown in
every three or four minutes. The commercials are
unavoidable. They happen whether you
want them or not. Every couple of minutes a
billboard glides by outside the bus
window.
Good'n
Wet
Root
Beer.
up
with
Pacific
Gas.
Only
if
you
sleep,
which
is
equal
to
turning
the
television
set
off,
are
you
spared
the
unending
cry
of
Need
It!
Buy It Now!
The beginning of
the ride is comfortable and somewhat exciting,
even if you've
traveled
that
way
before.
Usually
some
things
have
changed-new
houses,
new
buildings,
sometimes even a new road. The bus
driver has a style of driving and it's fun to
try to figure it out the first hour or
so. If the driver is particularly reckless
or daring, the ride can be as thrilling
as a suspense story. Will the driver pass
the
truck
in
time?
Will
the
driver
move
into
the
right
or
the
left-hand
lane?
After
a
while, of course, the excitement dies down.
Sleeping for a while helps pass the
middle
hours of the ride.
Food always makes bus
rides more
interesting.
But you've
got
to be careful of what kind of food you eat. Too
much salty food can make you
very
thirsty between stops.
The end of the
ride is somewhat like the beginning. You know it
will soon be over
and there's a kind of
expectation and excitement in that. The seat, of
course, has
become harder as the hours
have passed. By now you've sat with you legs
crossed,
with
your
hands
crossed
behind
your
head.
The
end
comes
just
at
the
right
time.
There
are just no more ways to sit.
6. According to the passage, what do
the passengers usually see when they are on
a long bus trip?
A. Buses on
the road.
外语学习
网
B. Films on
television.
C. Advertisements on the
board.
D. Gas stations.
7.
What is the purpose of this passage?
A.
To give the writer's opinion about long bus trips.
B. To persuade you to take a long bus
trip.
C. To explain how bus trips and
television shows differ.
D. To describe
the billboards along the road.
8. The
writer of this passage would probably favor
A. bus drivers who weren't reckless
B. driving alone
C. a
television set on the bus
D. no
billboards along the road
9. The writer
feels long bus rides are like TV shows because
A. the commercials both on TV shows and
on billboards along the road are fun
B.
they both have a beginning, a middle, and an end,
with commercials in between
C. the
drivers are always reckless on TV shows just as
they are on buses
D. both traveling and
watching TV are not exciting
10.
The
writer
thinks
that
the
end
of
the
ride
is
somewhat
like
the
beginning
because
both are
A. exciting B. comfortable C. tiring D.
boring
PASSAGE2
乘坐长途车就如同欣赏电视
秀，有开端、有情节、也有结尾，每隔三四分钟插播商业广告。
商业广告不可避免。无论
是否需要，都会出现。车窗外每几分钟就有商业广告牌闪过。
买
超级清洁牙膏
、
喝个痛快就喝无醇饮料
、
充太平洋天然气
。只有睡
觉，如同关掉电视
机，才能躲避无休止的叫喊
< br>你需要这个！现在就买吧！
旅程的开始是舒适并且有些兴奋的
，即使曾经走过那条路。通常一些事物有变化，新房子、
新建筑、有时甚至新道路。司机
有驾驶的风格，在一开始辨认出这种风格是一种乐趣。
如果司
机横冲直撞、
敢于冒险，
旅程将如同悬念小说一样惊险刺激。<
/p>
司机会恰好超过那辆卡
车吗？司机会开左车道还是右车道？当然，
不久刺激感渐渐消失了。
睡一会有助于度过旅途
中间几个小时。
食物始终让旅行更有趣味。
但是要注意
吃哪种食物。
过于咸的食物能使你在
站间非常口渴。
旅行结尾与开端有些相似。
你知道旅程将很快结
束，
就会产生一种期待和兴奋。
座位一定随
着时间变得更加坚硬。现在你双腿交叉着坐着，双手交叉垫在脑后。旅程适时结束。恰好没
< br>有其他坐姿了。
答案解析：
6
、
C
第一段中介绍了乘客在坐长途车过程中所见的是广告牌。
commercials
是
商业
广告
的意思
;
是
广告牌
的意思，即
。
7
、
A
全文主要介绍作者对乘车长途旅行的感受。
8
、
D
第
一段作者认为
商业广告不可避免
和
只有睡觉才能躲避广告
，
由此可以推断出作
者不喜欢沿途
的广告牌。
9
、
B
根
据文章第一段第一句和第二句
乘坐长途车就如同欣赏电视秀，有
开端、有情节、
也有结尾，每隔三四分钟插播商业广告
可知。
10
、
A
根
据文章第二段第一句
旅程的开始是舒适并且有些兴奋的
和第三段第二句
你知道
旅程将很快结束，就会产生一种期待和兴奋
可知。
Passage 3
Questions 11-15 are based on the
following passage
No poem should ever
be discussed or
someone, teacher or
student. Better still, perhaps, is the practice of
reading it
twice, once at the beginning
of the discussion and once at the end, so the
sound
of the poem is the last thing one
hears of it.
All discussions
of poetry are, in fact, preparations
for reading
it aloud, and the
reading
of
the
poem
is,
finally,
the
most
telling
of
it,
suggesting
tone, rhythm, and
meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read the work
in his or her
own
voice,
on
records
or
on
film,
is
obviously
a
special
reward.
But
even
those
aids
to teaching can not
replace the student and teacher reading it or,
best of all,
reciting it.
I
have come to think, in fact, that time spent
reading a poem aloud is much more
important
than
it,
if
there
isn't
time
for
both.
I
think
one
of
our
goals
as
teachers of English is to have students love
poetry. Poetry is
life
truth
of
feeling
and
it
save
your
life
It
also
deserves
a
place
in
the
teaching
of languages and
literature more central than it presently
occupies.
I am not saying that every
English teacher must teach poetry. Those who don't
like
it should not be forced to put
that dislike on anyone else. But those who do
teach
poetry must keep in mind a few
things about its essential nature, about its sound
as well as its sense, and they must
make room in the classroom for hearing poetry
as well as thinking about it.
11. According to the passage, to have a
better understanding of a poem, the best
way is
A. to discuss it with
others
B. to analyze it by oneself
C. to hear it read out
D. to
practice reading it aloud
12. The
recitation of a poetry by the teacher or a student
in the classroom
A. is the best way to
understand it
中
华
考
试
网
B. easily arouses some discussion among
the students
C. helps the teachers to
analyse it
D. can not take the place of
the poet reading it analyse
13.
According to the author, one of the purposes of
teaching English is getting
students
A. to criticize life B. to like poetry
C. to enjoy life D. to teach poetry
14. What does the last sentence in the
third paragraph imply?
A. The teaching
of poetry should have been much more stressed
B.
The
teaching
of
poetry
is
more
important
than
the
teaching
of
any
other
subject.
C. One cannot
enjoy life fully without an understanding of
poetry.
D. Poetry is the foundation of
all languages and literature courses.
15. The phrase
A.
C.
PASSAGE 3
在教师或
者学生朗读之前，
绝不应该讨论或者
分
析
诗歌。
朗读两次大概更好，
一次在讨论
开始时，另一次在结尾，这样人们最后听到的是诗歌的朗诵。
事实上，
讨论诗都是为朗读做准备，
并且读诗最终是对诗歌最生动有效的诠释，
同时表现出
语调、节奏和意义。显而易见，倾听诗人读自己的作品，无论是录音还是录像，都会带来特
别的收益。但是即使教学辅助设备也无法取代学生和教师朗读诗，最好能够背诵。
我想到事实上如果时间有限，
朗读诗的重要性远大
于
分析
诗。<
/p>
我认为作为英语教师，
我们
的目标之一是
使学生热爱诗歌。诗是
生活的批判
、
生活的升华，与他人的共享。
诗是
通往真实情感的道路
，
能够拯救生
命
。在语言和文学教学中，诗也理应占据比现在更重
要的位置。
我并不是说每位英语教师必须教授诗
歌。
己所不欲，
勿施于人。
但是教授诗
歌者必须牢记一
些关于诗歌本质、声音和感觉的知识，也必须在课堂留出聆听和思考的时
间。
答案解析：
11
、
D
第
一段第一句强调朗读诗应置于讨论和
分析
之前，
第二段第一句进一步说讨论诗都
是为朗读做准备，
并且朗读诗最终是对诗歌最生动有效的诠释。
第三段第一句也强调朗读诗
的重要性远大于
< br>分析
诗。因此，朗读、讨论、分析三者比较，练习朗读诗
是能够更好的理
解诗的最好方式。
12
、
A
第
二段最后一句讲即使教学辅助设备也无法取代学生和教师朗读诗，最好能够背诵。
由此可
以推断出背诵是理解诗的最好方式。
13
、
B
第
三段讲我认为作为英语教师，
我们的目标之一是使学生热爱诗歌。
所以答案是热爱
诗。
14
、
A
第
三段最后一句在语言和文学教学中，
诗也理应占据比现在更重要的位置。
所以应强
调诗歌教学。
应选
A
注：
是
强调
的意思
（
To
place
emphasis
on;
emphasize
）
15
、
C
room
for
本意是
为……腾出空位
。此处应理解为在课上安排时间聆听和思
考诗歌，即
之意。
Many
of
us
believe
that
a
person
‘
s
mind
becomes
less
active
as
he
grows
older.
But
this
is
not
true
，
according
to
Dr
Jarvik
，
professor
of
psychiatry
at
the
University
of
California.
She
has
studied
the
mental
functioning
of
aging
persons
for
several
years.
For
example
，
one
of
her
studies
concerns
136
pairs
of
identical
twins
，
who
were
first
examined
when
they
were
already
60
years
old.
As
Dr
Jarvik
continued
the
study of the twins into their 70s and
80s
，
their minds did not
generally decline
as was expected.
However
，
there
was some decline in their psycho-motor speed. This
means that it
took
them
longer
to
accomplish
mental
tasks
than
it
used
to.
But
when
speed
was
not
a
factor
，
they
lost
very
little
intellectual
ability
over
the
years.
In
general
，
Dr Jarvik
‘
s
studies
have shown
that
there is no decline in knowledge
or reasoning
ability. This
is true not only with those in their 30s and
40s
，
but with those in
their 60s and 70s as well.
It is true that older people themselves
often complain that their memory is not as
good as
it once was.
However
，
much of what we
call
“
loss
of
memory
”
is not that
at
all.
There
usually
was
incomplete
learning
in
the
first
place.
For
example
，
the
older
person
perhaps
had
trouble
hearing
，
or
poor
vision
，
or
inattention
，
or
was
trying
to
learn
the
new
thing
at
too
fast
a
pace.
In
the
cases
where
the
older
person
‘
s mind
really seems to decay
，
it is
not necessarily a sign of decay due to old
age. Often it is simply a sign of a
depressed emotional state.
passage is
mainly about ____.
A
）
how Dr Jarvik
studied mental functioning of the twins.
B
）
what caused
mental decay.
C
）
the results evidenced by Dr
Jarvik
‘
s studies.
D
）
the difference
between middle
–
aged and
older persons
答案：
C
解析：
大意题。本文主要向读者传达
了人的记忆和分析能力不是随着年龄的增大而消退，
主要是通过。
Dr Jarvik
的研究成果来显示的。其它选项不是文章的主旨意思。
17. The word
“
psychiatry
”
in paragraph
1 most probably means ____.
A
）
the study of
human behavior.
B
）
the study of
disease of the mind.
C
）
the study of
problems with aging persons.
D
）
the study of
twins growth.
答案：
B
解析：
大意题。同上题的解释。主要的是
disease of
the mind
和年龄的区别。
18. A long
–
term
study of 136 pairs of twins showed that ____.
A
）
they lost a
little ability to reason over the years.
B
）
the
only
factor
which
declined
over
the
years
was
their
speed
with
which
to
perform
mental
tasks.
C
）
their
memory was not as good as it had once been.
D
）
their minds
became is not considered as they grew older.
答案：
B
解析：
细节和推论。
文章的第一段最后一句和第２段的前两句都是说明这样的一个实验说
明研究结果
。即，仅仅和速度有关系，课文的下面部分也相应作了解释。
19. Which of the following is not
considered as an instanced of
“
incomplete
learning
”？
A
）
Poor hearing.
B
）
Bad eyesight.
C
）
Lack of
attention.
D
）
The
attempt to learn too many new things at the same
time
答案：
D
解析：
最后一句的中间部分
For
example
，
the
older
person
perhaps
had
trouble
hearing
，
or poor
vision
，
or
inattention
，
or was trying
to learn the
new thing
at too fast
a pace
没有提到Ｄ项的内容。Ｄ项仅仅说的是心理原因造成的结果。
20. What we call mental decay is
usually a sign of ____.
A
）
a low
–
spirited state.
B
）
a worsening
state of health.