高考英语阅读理解专题训练答案
-初七是什么日子
高考英语阅读理解专题训练答案
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读理解
A call came into Jimmy
Gilleece's bar. A newly married woman, who had
spent the afternoon at
his bar,
couldn't find her wallet. She didn't care about
her ID, credit cards, or 150 in cash-but her
wedding ring was inside.
Gilleece, 42, didn't like the idea
that a theft could have occurred at his place. So
he determined
to
find
the
wallet.
He
spent
hours
on
videos
from
surveillance
(
监控
)
cameras,
watching
the
woman's every step in
the bar. Within minutes, a young man approached
the bar, put something
in his pocket,
and walked off.
Gilleece
posted a clip (
视频片段
) on the
bar's Facebook page to find out who the young man
was.
Within
hours,
Gilleece
got
a
text
from
17-year-old
Rivers
Prather,
who
said
he'd
done
it
because
he hadn't eaten in two days. He said he saw the
ring but thought it was fake, so he took
the money and threw the wallet into the
ocean. Then he bought a sandwich.
Gilleece told the teen to meet him
at the docks (
码头
). There
they talked a lot and Gilleece
knew
that Prather was from a poor family. Seeing the
teenager's small build, Gilleece thought he
was more of a kid than a criminal.
However, because of the missing ring, Prather
could be put
into prison.
Gilleece
decided
to
help
the
kid.
He
hired
two
local
divers
to
search
the
waters
where
the
wallet
had
been
thrown.
More
than
an
hour
passed,
with
no
sign
of
the
ring.
Gilleece
grew
worried. And then a
diver popped up. In his hand was the wallet, and
inside was the ring. When
Gilleece
called
the
wallet's
owner,
she
burst
into
tears
and
immediately
dropped
the
charge
against Prather for stealing the
ring.
（
1
）
What did the woman value most in her
wallet?
ID.
credit
cards.
money.
wedding ring.
（<
/p>
2
）
What did Prather
do after getting the wallet?
kept the ring.
spent the money in it.
threw it in a dustbin.
returned it to the owner.
（
3
）
Why
did Gilleece help Prather?
teach the child a lesson.
meet the customer's demand.
save the forgivable child.
win back the reputation of his
bar.
（
4
）
What would happen to Prather next?
would be sent to
prison.
would not be
accused by the woman.
would
get a job in Gilleece's bar.
would live a better life ever
after.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，
Jimmy
Gilleece
的酒
吧中一位女士丢失了钱包，钱包
里有她最珍视的结婚戒指。
Ji
mmy
Gilleece
找到了捡到钱包的年轻人
Rivers
Prather
，但是
Rivers
Prather
拿了钱包里的钱将钱包丢进了海里。
Gilleece
觉得
Prather
只是个孩子，于是
决定帮助他，最终找到了戒指，
Prather
也被撤销了指控。
（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“She
didn't
care
about
her
ID,
credit
cards,
or
150
in
cash-
but
her
wedding
ring
was
inside.
”
她不在乎她的身份
证、信用卡或
150
美元现金
——
但
她的结婚戒指在里面，可知那位妇女最珍视钱包里的结婚戒指。故
选
D
。
<
/p>
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的<
/p>
“He said he saw the ring but thought it
was fake, so he
took the money and
threw the wallet into the ocean. ”
他说他看到
了戒指，但认为是假的，所
以他拿了钱，把钱包扔进了大海，可知
Prather
得到钱包后，他把里面的钱花了。故选
B
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的
“Se
eing
the
t
eenager's
small
build,
Gilleece
thought
he
was
more
of
a
kid
than
a
criminal.
However,
because
of
the
missing
ring,
Prather
could
be
put
into
prison.”
看到这个少年的小个子，
Gilleece
觉得他更像个孩子，而不是罪
犯。然而，因为丢失戒指，
P
rather
可能会被关进监狱，可知
Gilleece
帮助
Prather
是因为
< br>他认为
Prather
是个可原谅的孩子。故选
C
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“When
Gilleece
called
the
wallet's
owner,
she
burst
into tears and immediately dropped the
charge against Prather for stealing the ring.”
当
Gilleece
打电话给钱包的主人时，她
哭了起来，并立即撤销了对
Prather
偷戒指的指控
)
可知接下来
Prather
不会被那个女人指控。故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考
查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而
选出正确答案。
2
．
阅读理解
Do you have good
friends? Do you sometimes feel so close to them
that they are like family to
you?
It turns
out that this isn't just an expression. A study by
Yale University and the University of
California,
San
Diego,
has
found
that
you
and
your
friends
have
more
genes
in
common
than
strangers do, the Guardian
reported.
Researchers
looked
at
the
genes
of
1,932
people
and
compared
them
in
pairs
of
unrelated
friends and
strangers. They found that friends have 1 percent
of genes that match.
外行
), but to geneticists
(
遗传学家
) it
is a
significant number,
fact, this is the
same amount of genes you share with your fourth
cousins, those who have the
same great-
great-great grandparents as you.
So is it a coincidence that you
become friends with people who share your genes?
Not at all. In
fact, it is evolution
that brings you together.
People who share certain genes also share skills
and have similar likes and dislikes, researchers
said. In ancient times, it was critical
that people who were alike stayed together. For
example,
people who had a similar
susceptibility (
易感性
) to the
cold were more likely to help each other
build a fire, giving them a better
chance to survive.
Researchers also found that among all the genes
studied, those affecting sense of smell were
the most similar in friends. This is
probably because people who smell things in the
same way are
more easily drawn to
similar environments. For example, people who like
the smell of coffee may
hang
out
at
cafes
more
often
and
are
therefore
more
likely
to
meet
and
become
friends
with
each
other.
Based
on
their
findings,
the
team
has
developed
an
interesting
test
called
the
score
It
calculates
how
big
the
chances
are
that
two
people will
be friends
by
studying
their
genes.
So,
here is a question for you: would you like to take
this test and know in advance who your
friends are going to be, or would you
still prefer to figure it out by yourself and let
time be the
judge?
（
1
）
What is the
author's main purpose in writing the article?
explain why friends share
skills and interests.
report on recent findings about making
friends.
analyze what
influences the way people make friends.
explain an interesting test called the
（
2
）
According to the researchers of the
study, people _______.
friendships by complete
coincidence
genetically
similar to their friends, compared to
strangers
friends with
those who share nearly 10 percent of their
genes
share more similar
genes with their friends than with their fourth
cousins
（
3
）
With
the
examples
of
ancient
people
developing
the
ability
to
speak
and
helping
each
other build a fire, the author intends
to _______.
how
ancient people helped each other
survive
n that similar
interests are what lead to friendship
that it is evolution that brings
friends together
us why it
was easier for ancient people to find
friends
（
4
）
According to the article, people
with similar genes that affect their sense of
smell ______.
to hang out at cafes more often
easily attracted to the smell of their
friends
more likely to be
attracted to a similar environment
identify people in a crowd who can
become friends
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
B
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报
道，来自耶鲁大学和加利福尼亚大学的研究发现：与
陌生人相比，朋友之间的基因有相似
性，所以朋友有时更像是家人。
（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“
A
study
by
Yale
University
and
the
University
of
California,
San
Diego,
has
found
that
you
and
your
friends
have
more
genes
in
common
than
strangers
do,
the
Guardian
reported.”
耶鲁大学和加利福尼亚大学的研究发现：与陌生人相
比，朋友之间的基因有相似性。
可知，这篇文章主要讲述关于交朋友的这项新发现。并且
由
“t
he Guardian reported”
可知，这是一篇新闻报道，故选
B
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“A
study
by
Yale
University
and
the
University
of
California,
San
Diego,
has
found
that
you
and
your
friends
have
more
genes
in
common
than
strangers
do,
the
Guardian
reported.”
耶鲁大学和加利福尼亚大学的研究发现：与陌生人相
比，朋友之间的基因有相似性。
可知，与陌生人相比，朋友之间的基因有相似性。故选
B
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。这个举例出现在倒数第四段，根据倒数第五段中的
“S
o
is
it
a
coincidence that you become friends
with people who share your genes? Not at all. In
fact, it is
evolution
that
brings
you
together.
”
你与你基因相
似的人变成朋友是偶然吗？并不是这样
的。实际上，是进化将你们带到一起。可知，倒数
第四段应该是对进化如何将你们带到一
起成为朋友的解释。本段谈到了有相似基因的人也
有相似的技能和喜好，然后以古代人为
例，说明只有遇到拥有相似技能基因的人他们才能
发展语言技能，同时，同样对冷感受比
较强烈的人更可能会互相帮助生火，作者举这些例
子都是为了说明人们选择了拥有相似基
因的人为友，是因为进化的需要，故选
C
。
（
4
）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段的中的
“This
is
probably
because
people
who
smell
things
in the same way are more easily drawn to similar e
nvironments.”
可能是因为嗅觉相同的
人更容易去
相似的环境，可知，有相同嗅觉基因的人更容易被吸引去相似的环境中。故选
C
。
【点评】本题考
点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要
准确掌握细节信
息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3
．
阅读理解
In 2015, a man named
Nigel Richards memorized 386, 000 words in the
entire
French Scrabble
Dictionary
in just nine
weeks. However, he does not speak French.
Richards' impressive feat is a
useful
example to show how artificial intelligence
works
—
real AI. Both of
Richard and AI take in
massive amounts
of data to achieve goals with unlimited memory and
superman accuracy in a
certain
field.
The potential
applications for AI are extremely exciting.
Because AI can outperform humans at
routine
tasks
—
provided
the
task
is
in
one
field
with
a
lot
of
data
—
it
is
technically
capable
of
replacing hundreds of millions of white
and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or
so.
But not every job
will be replaced by AI. In fact
four
types of jobs are not at risk at all. First,
there are creative jobs. AI needs to be
given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like
scientists,
novelists and artists can.
Second, the complex, strategic
jobs
—
executives, diplomats,
economists
—
go
well
beyond
the
AI
limitation
of
single-field
and
Big
Data.
Then
there
are
the
as-yet-
unknown jobs that
will be created by AI.
Are you worried that these three types of jobs
won't employ as many people as AI will replace?
Not
to
worry,
as
the
fourth
type
is
much
larger:
jobs
where
emotions
are
needed,
such
as
teachers,
nannies
and
doctors.
These
jobs
require
compassion,
trust
and
sympathy
—
which
AI
does not have. And even
if AI tried to fake it, nobody would want a robot
telling them they have
cancer, or a
robot to babysit their children.
So there will still be jobs in the
age of AI. The key then must be retraining the
workforce so
people
can
do
them.
This
must
be
the
responsibility
not
just
of
the
government,
which
can
provide funds, but also
of corporations and those who benefit
most.
（
1
）
What is the main purpose of
paragraph 1?
A.
To introduce the topic.
B.
To mention Nigel's feat.
C.
To stress the importance of good
memory.
D. To suggest humans
go beyond AI in memory.
（
2
）
Which of the
following best explains
A.
Be superior to B. Be inferior to
C. Be similar to D. Be related
to
（
3
）
Which of the following jobs is the most
likely to be replaced?
A. The writer.
B.
The shop assistant.
C. The
babysitter.
D. The
psychologist.
（
4<
/p>
）
Which of the following
suggestions can the author give about job
replacement of AI?
A. Limit the application of AI to a
certain degree.
B. Get more
support from the government.
C. Apply for the donation from
companies.
D. Upgrade
people's professional skills all the
time.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
< br>
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文
，人工智能有取代人类工作的潜力
,
但是
,
并非所有工作
都会被人工智能取代
,
有四种类型的工作完全没有风险。因此
,
在人工智能时代人类仍然会有
工作
,
关键必须是对劳动力进行再培训
,
这样人们才能从事这些工作
。
（
1<
/p>
）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知一个名叫奈杰尔
·
理查兹（
Nigel
Richards
）的人在短
短九周内记住了《法国拼字游戏词典》中的
386,000
个单词。但是
,
他
不会说法语。其展示
了人工智能是如何工作的。而后文主要与人工智能有关
,
由此推断作者写第一段的目的是引
出人工智能这个
话题。故选
A
。
（
2
）考查
词义猜测。根据第二段中的
“Because AI can outperform
humans at routine tasks—
provided
the task is in one field with a lot of
data”
可知
AI
可以在日常任务中
outperform
人类
（前提是该
任务在一个涉及到大量数据的领域中；以及
“it
is
technically
capable
of
replacing
hundreds of millions of white and blue
collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.”
可知从技术上讲
,
人
工智能具有在未
来大约
15
年里取代成千上万的白领和蓝领工作的能力。结合下
文推断人工
智能能够具有取代人类的工作是因为
AI
在日常任务中表现超过了人类
,
划线词的意思是<
/p>
胜
过
,
超过
故选
A
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“First,
there
are
creative
jobs.
AI
needs
to
be
given
a
goal to
optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists,
novelists and artists can.”
可知四种类型的工作
完全没有风险。首先
,
有创造性的工作。人工
智能不可能像科学家
,
小说家和艺术家那样进行
发明创造。也就是作家和科学家不会被取代。排除
A
；
再根据第四段中的
“as the fourth type
is much larger: jobs where emotions are
needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors.”
可知需
要情感的工作
,
例如老师
,
保姆和医生也不大可能被取代
,
因此排除
C
和
< br>D
。故选
B
。
< br>
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“So
there
will
still
be
jobs
in
the
age
of
AI.
The
key
then must
be retraining the workforce so people can do
them.”
可知作者认为在
AI
时
代仍然会
有工作
,
关键必须是对劳动力
进行再培训
,
这样人们才能从事这些工作。进行培训是为了得到
专业技能
,
由此推断作者会给出一直提
升人们的专业技能的建议
,
故选
D
。
【点评】本
题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅
读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4
．
阅读理解
When he w
as
young, Louis Armstrong was taking what was called
“Creole jazz”, which was also
called
dance
music,
and
combining
it
with
trumpeter
(
小号手
)
Buddy
Bolden,
to
create
what
would
eventually become today's jazz.
Armstrong accomplished that with
almost no formal training. He received little
training before
he was placed in the
New Orleans Colored Waif's Home at the age of 12,
after a run-in (
小争执
)
with
the
police.
The
punishment
turned
out
to
be
a
mixed
blessing,
for
he
also
had
the
opportunity to play in a real
band.
While at the
Waif's, Armstrong also got the chance to hear some
of the city's finest musicians.
Cornetist Freddie Keppard performed in
a nearby club. So did
trumpeter and
bandleader, King
Joe Oliver, who took
the boy under his wing and taught him how to read
music and work on his
playing
technique.
When Oliver
left for Chicago, Armstrong chose to stay in New
Orleans and work with some of
the other
top musicians of the day. In Chicago, King Oliver
offered him a place in his band in 1922.
It became Armstrong's biggest challenge
yet
—
the band had no parts
written for trumpet, so he
was forced
to listen to King Oliver and improvise
(
即兴创作
).
Soon,
Armstrong's
undeniable
talent
was
getting
notice.
Even
classically
trained
musicians
would come to hear the incredible
sounds this young man created.
Lil
Hardin,
the
bands
piano
player
and
the
future
Mrs.
Armstrong,
explains
that
Oliver
kept
Armstrong in the second
trumpet-
chair so that Oliver would
still be “King”. Hardin convinced him
to leave the band.
Armstrong moved to New York City in
1924 to join Fletcher Henderson's band and then
flew
solo.
In
1925,
Armstrong
put
together
the
Hot
Five,
expanding
his
popularity
even
more.
Armstrong recorded his
first composition,
Cornet Chop
Suey
, one of the most copied jazz solos
of
all
time.
This
monumental
1928
recording
blends
(
混合
)
artistry,
endurance
and showmanship
that has rarely, if ever, been matched
in Jazz.
（
1
）
What does the underlined word
“that” refer to in the second paragraph?
A. To play dance music.
B. To work with Buddy Bolden.
C. To create modem jazz music.
D. To play a jazz instrument
well.
（
2
）
Who
taught Louis Armstrong how to play music in the
early time?
A.
Buddy Bolden. B. Lil Hardin. C.
Cornetist Freddie Keppard. D. King Joe
Oliver.
（
3
）
Why
did Louis Armstrong Leave King Oliver's band?
A. Because he wanted to get
married in New York.
B.
Because the man forced him to leave the
band.
C. Because he got a
better opportunity in New York.
D. Because his talent could not develop
completely.
（
4
）
What's the main idea of the
passage?
A. It
asks readers to know more about modern
jazz.
B. It introduces one
of the greatest jazz musicians.
C. It introduces the development of
jazz.
D. It describes the
importance of talent in playing jazz.
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（<
/p>
2
）
D
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，介绍了音乐人
Louis
Armstrong
学习音乐的过程。
（
1
）考查
代词指代。根据第一段中的
to
create
what
would
eventually
become
today's
jazz.
由此可知
that
指上段
“...to create what would eventually
become today's jazz.”
，故选
C
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“So
did trumpeter and bandleader, King Joe Oliver, who
took
the
boy
under
his
wing
and
taught
him
how
to
read
music
and
work
on
his
playing
techn
ique.”
小号手兼乐队指挥
King
Joe
Oliver
也这么做了，他把小男孩放在自己的侧厅，教
他如何阅读音乐，学习
演奏技巧。故选
D
。
（
3
）考查
推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的
“ Lil Hardin, the bands
piano player and the future
Mrs.
Armstrong, explains that Oliver kept Armstrong in
the second trumpet-chair so that Oliver
would still be “King”. Hardin convinced
him to leave the
band.”
可推断出
Louis
Armstrong
离开
King Oliver
乐队的原因是因为他的才能不能得到完全发展，故选
D
。
（
4
）考查主旨大意。全文介绍
Armstrong
如何成为伟大的爵士音乐家，故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代，推理
判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上
，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。<
/p>
5
．
阅读理解
Norman Garmezy, a development
psychologist at the University of Minnesota, met
thousands
of children in his four
decades of research. A nine-year-old boy in
particular stuck with him. He
has an
alcoholic mother and an absent father. But each
day he would walk in to school with a
smile on his face. He wanted to make
sure that
know his mother's
incompetence.” The boy exhibited a quality Garmezy
identified as “resilience”.
Resilience
presents
a
challenge
for
psychologists.
People
who
are
lucky
enough
to
never
experience any sort of adversity
(
逆境
) won't know how
resilient they are. It's only when they're
faced
with
obstacles,
stress,
and
other
environmental
threats
that
resilience,
or
the
lack
of
it,
comes out.
Some give in and some conquer.
Garmezy's work opened the door to
the study of the elements that could enable an
individual's
success despite the
challenges they faced. His research indicated that
some elements had to do
with luck, but
quite large set of elements was psychological, and
had to do with how the children
responded
to
the
environment.
The
resilient
children
had
what
psychologists
call
an
“internal
lens
of
control(
内控点
)”.
They
believed
that
they,
and
not
their
circumstances,
affected
their
achievements. The
resilient children saw themselves as the arrangers
of their own fates.
Ceorge
Bonanno
has
been
studying
resilience
for
years
at
Columbia
University's
Teachers
College.
He
found
that
some
people
are
far
better
than
others
at
dealing
with
adversity.
This
difference might come from
perception(
认知
) whether they
think of an event as
traumatic(
创伤
),
or
as an opportunity to learn and grow. “Stressful”
or “traumatic” events themselves don't have
much predictive power when it comes to
life outcomes.
does
not
predict
later
functioning,”
Bonanno
said.
only
predictive
if
there's
a
negative
response.”
In
other
words,
living
through
adversity
doesn't
guarantee
that
you'll
suffer
going
forward.
The good news is that positive
perception can be taught.
easily
hurt
by
how
we
think
about
things,
Bonanno
said.
In
research
at
Columbia,
the
neuroscientist
Kevin
Ochsner
has
shown
that
teaching people
to
think
of
adversity
in
different
ways--to reframe
it in positive terms when the initial response is
negative, or in a less emotional
way
when the initial response is emotionally
“hot”
---changes how they experience and
react to
the adversity.
（
1
）
Accordi
ng to the passage, resilience is an individual's
ability________.
A. to think critically
B. to decide one's own fate
C. to live a better life
D. to recover from adversity
（
2
）
What
doe
s the underlined word “they” in
Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The psychologists
B. The resilient children
C. Positive elements
D. Internal locus of control
（
3
）
Acc
ording to Paragraph 4, we can learn
that____________.
A. your
positive
perception
may
turn
adversity
around
B. stressful
events
are
more
predictive than delightful
events
C. experiencing
adversity
predicts
that
you
will
go
on
suffering
D. a
negative
response
doesn't guarantee
you will suffer all the time
（
4
）
What is the
author's purpose of writing this passage?
A. To teach people how to
be resilient
B. To
encourage people to live through
adversity
C. To indicate
people's perception varies from each other
D. To compare different research
findings about resilience
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
B
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇介绍说明
类文章。文章介绍了一种品质：韧性（
resilience
）
。
文章介绍了什么是韧性，韧性的作用，如何培养韧性等内容。
（
1
）推理判断题。由第二段中的
“People who a
re lucky enough
to never experience any sort
of
adversity (
逆境
) won't know
how resilient they are. It's only when they're
faced with obstacles,
stress, and other
environmental threats that resilience, or the lack
of it, comes out. Some give in
and
some
conq
uer”
可知，那些没有经历过逆境的人不会知道自己有多大的韧性。只有当他
们
面对障碍，压力等逆境时，他们才能知道自己的韧性有多大。有的人向逆境屈服，有的
人
成功度过了逆境。由此可知，那些成功度过逆境的人属于非常有韧性的人。韧性应该指
克
服逆境的能力。故答案选
D
。
（
2
）词义猜测题。由第三段中的
“The
resilient
children
had
what
psychologists
call
an
“internal lens of
control(
内控点
)”. They believed
that they,
and not their circumstances,
affected
their achievements. The
resilient children saw themselves as the arrangers
of their own fates.”
可
知，那些有韧性
的孩子拥有所谓的
“
内控点
”
。他们认为他们影响了自己的成就，而不是他
们所处的环境影响了他们的
成就。这些有韧性的孩子将自己看作是自己命运的主宰者。由
此可知，
< br>they
指的就是
the resilient chi
ldren
。故答案选
B
。
（
3
）推理判断题。由
第四段中的
“He
found
that
some
people
are
far
better
than
others
at
dealing with adversity. This difference
might come from
perception(
认知
) whether they
think of
an event as
traumatic(
创伤
), or as an
opportunity to learn and grow.”
可知，一些人比另
一些人
更擅长处理逆境。这种差别来自他们的认知。如果他们将逆境当做是学习和成长的
机会，
对此做出积极的反应，那么，他们就能很好的处理逆境。反之，如果他们做出消极
的反
应，那么，他们就不能很好的来处理逆境。由此可以推知，积极的认知可以改变逆境
，使
情况朝着好的方向发展。故答案选
A
。
（
4
）
写作意图题。文章第一段以例子提出
“resilience”
这个话题。第二段解释了什么是
resilience
，第三和
第四段以
Garmezy
的研究说明，当面对逆境的时候，韧性
可以帮助我们
扭转逆境，关键在于要有积极的认知。第五段强调，积极的认知是可以学习
的。故这篇文
章的写作意图就是告诉读者如何使自己有韧性：用积极的态度去对待逆境。
故答案选
A
。
【点评】阅读理解写作意图、态度解题技巧：根据文体类别推断写作目的（
1
）写作目的
（
to
entertain
readers
）常见于故事类的文章。（
2
）写作目的（
to
persuade
readers
）常见
于广告类的文章。在这样的文章中，作者或是要推销一种产品﹑一种服务
（
to sell a product
or
a
service
），或是要通过对
旅游景点﹑报刊杂志﹑影片﹑电视节目等的介绍来达到他的
写作目的：吸引更多的游客﹑
读者或订户﹑观众等（
to
attract
more
visitors
/
readers
/
audienc
e
）（
3
）写作目的（
to
inform
readers
）多见于科普类﹑新闻报道类﹑文化类或社会
类的文章，了解这类文章的写作目
的有赖于对文章主题的正确把握，阅读时有必要找准文
章的主题句，或较好地对主题加以
归纳。
6
．
阅读理解
We
all
think
plants
were
expected
to
get
larger
with
increased
carbon
dioxide
in
the
atmosphere, but changes in temperature,
humidity(
湿度
)and nutrient
availability seem to have
trumped the
benefits of increased carbon dioxide
of
Singapore.
45 percent of
the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes
than they did in the past. The
researchers
pointed
out
that
warmer
temperatures
and
changing
habitats,
caused
by
climate
change, are possible reasons for
shrinking creatures.
We
do
not
yet
know
the
mechanisms(
机制
)involved,
or
why
some
organism
are
getting
smaller while others
are unaffected,
be risking negative
consequences that we can't yet
quantify.
The
change
is
big
in
cold-blooded
animals.
Only
two
decades
of
warmer
temperatures
are
enough to make retiles
(
爬行动物
)smaller. An increase
of only 1 degree centigrade caused nearly
a 10 percent increase in
metabolism(
新陈代谢
). Greater
use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises
and
little
lizards.
Fish
are
smaller
now
too.
Though
overfishing
has
played
a
part
in
reducing
numbers, experiments show that warmer
temperatures also stop fish growing.
Warm-blooded animals aren't
immune(
免除
)from the size
change caused by climate change.
Many
birds are now smaller. Soay sheep are thinner. Red
deer are weaken And polar bears are
smaller, compared with historical
records.
This is not the
first time this has happened in Earth's history.
55 million years ago, a warming
event
similar to the current climate change caused bees,
spiders and ants to shrink by 50 to 75
percent over several thousand years.
That event happened over a longer time than the
current
climate change.
The speed of modem climate change
could mean organisms may not respond or adapt
quickly
enough, especially those with
long generation times climate change will be shown
in the future.
（
1
）
What does the text mainly
talk about?
A.
Why some species become smaller.
B. How climate changes in Earth's
history?
C. Climate
change
has
many
negative
effects.
D. Species
are
becoming
smaller
as
climate
gets
warmer.
（
2
）
The
underlined word
A.
strengthened B. gained
C. beaten D.
equaled
（
3
）
Researchers from the National
University of Singapore believe that________.
A. they have found the
exact causes for creatures getting smaller
B. all the animals on the
earth have become smaller
C. climate change has more negative
effects on warm-blooded animals
D. increase in energy
use
can lead to creatures getting smaller
<
/p>
（
4
）
What
does the author feel about the climate change?
A. Disappointed
B. Optimistic
C. Worried
D. Shameful
【答案】<
/p>
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
C
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了气候变暖导致许多生物个体变小这一现象，
气候变化已对浮游生物产生了有害影
响，人类需要尽快采取措施。
（
1<
/p>
）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的
“We
all
think
plants
were
expected
to
get
larger
with
increased
carbon
dioxide
in
the
atmosphere,
but
changes
in
temperature,
humidity(
湿度
)and
nutrient availability seem to have
trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide”<
/p>
可知科学家
原来以为二氧化碳的增加会导致物种变大，但是气候的
变化让物种反而变小。故选
D
。
（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的
“We
all
think
plants
were
expected
to
get
larger
wi
th
increased
carbon
dioxide
in
the
atmosphere,
but
changes
in
temperature,
humidity(
湿度
)and
nutrient availability seem to have
trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide”
可知科学家
原来以为二氧化碳的增加会导致物种变大，但是气候
的变化让物种变小。可知气候的变化
打败了二氧化碳带来的影响。故
“beat”
与该词同义。选
C
。
（
3
）考查
细节理解。根据第四段中的
“Greater use of energy
resulted in tiny tortoises and little
l
izards.”
可知大量使用的能源导致物种体型变小。故选
D
。
（
4<
/p>
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“The
speed
of
modem
climate
change
could
mean
organisms may not respond or adapt
quickly enough, especially those with long
generation times
climate change will be
shown in the future.”
可知作者担心现代气候变化的速度太快导
致有机
体无法迅速做出回应。可知作者对气候变化很担心。故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解
，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉
细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而
选出正确答案。
7
．
阅读理解
In America, parents tend to
encourage their children to develop their
potential (
潜能
) to the
fullest
extent.
Fathers
and
mothers
frequently
teach
their
children
both
ambition
and
the
confidence
necessary
to
work
toward
their
goals.
American
parents
are
always
active
in
concentrating on what
their kids can do, not what they can't. As a
result, millions of American
boys and
girls grow up hoping to become actors and
athletes, diplomats and doctors. Many of
them even want to become
president.
American
parents often encourage their children to become
involved in extra activities of all
types at school, such as student
government, sports and music. They believe that
only through
taking part in these
activities can their children become mature young
adults.
As we all know,
school work is important. But parents should
realize that the social skills their
children learn from natural
conversations with each other are as important as
schoolwork and
the
skills
they
will
need
in
the
future
work.
What's
more
important
in
their
work
is
that
their
children should have a sound knowledge
of physics or the ability to communicate
effectively.
As a rule,
Chinese parents don't educate their children about
the same kind of ambition and
confidence
as
Americans
do,
nor
do
they
encourage
the
same
level
of
participation
in
extra
activities. Children are typically
advised to study hard and pass exams. They have to
spend a lot of
time in doing much
schoolwork every day. It is a great waste of time
to do so.
Now
more
and
more
Chinese
parents
have
recognized
that
they
should
pay
attention
to
developing
the
potential
of
their
children.
I
hope
that
leaders
in
Chinese
educational
circles
should take some measures to develop
the potential of their children. I am very
confident about
it.
< br>（
1
）
From the
passage, we know the American parents pay much
more attention to .
A. the social skills than Chinese
parents
B. their children's
studying hard and well
C.
what their children want but they can't
D. extra activities than schoolwork
（
2
）
Accord
ing to the passage, Chinese parents .
A. know
more
than
American
parents
to
educate
their
children
B. owning
ambition
and
confidence is necessary and
important
C. pay much more
attention to their children's fine future
D. don't encourage their children
to participate in extra
activities
（
3
）
From the passage, we can infer
.
A. American
children
are
brave
and
adventurous
B.
American
children
are
more
active
in
their studies
C.
Chinese children have the ability to communicate
effectively
D. something should
be done
to develop the potential of the
children in China
（
4
）
What's the writer's
attitude towards Chinese education reform?
A. Neutral.
B. Indifferent. C.
Positive. D.
Negative.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
< br>D
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文
，比较了中国父母和美国父母不同的教育方式，可喜
的是中国父母已经意识到自己的不足
，今后将更加注意孩子社交技能的培养。
(1)
考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
“As
a
rule,
Chinese
paren
ts
don't
educate
their
children
about the same kind
of ambition and confidence as Americans do”
，再根据前三段对美国父母
对孩子的社交技能的培养推断美国的父母比中国的父
母更重视孩子社交技能的培养。故选
A
。
(2)
考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
“nor
do
they
encourage
the
same
level
of
participation
in
extra activities”
可知中国的父母不鼓励孩
子参与额外的活动。故选
D
。
(3)
考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“N
ow
more
and
more
Chinese
parents
have
recognized
that they should pay attention to
developing the potential of their children”
判断中国应该采取
措施开发孩子们的潜能了。故选
D<
/p>
。
(4)
考查
推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“I hope that leaders in
Chinese educational circles shoul
d
take some measures to develop the
potential of their children. I am very confident
about it”
可推
断作者对中国的教育采取的是积极态度
。故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
8
．
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（
A
、
B
、
C
和<
/p>
D
）中，选出最佳选项。
On
January
13,
2016,
France
became
the
first
country
in
the
world
to
pass
a
law
requiring
supermarkets to donate food that is
approaching its expiration date
(
保质期
) instead of throwing
it away. The regulation that applies to
supermarkets over 4,000 square feet requires
stores to sign
official donation
agreements with local food banks.
The law also makes it illegal for
stores to pour water over nearly-expired food, or
store it inside
locked
warehouses
until
it
is
picked
up
by
the
garbage
trucks.
These
measures
are
often
undertaken by supermarkets to prevent
the hungry from searching for food through the
dustbins.
Though that
may appear cruel, the stores claim they do it to
avoid potential food poisoning
that
could occur if the product is on its way past its
expiry. Those who do not obey the new law
face the risk of heavy
fines.
Also, excess
goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to go
bad quickly are now allowed to be
donated directly to the food banks.
Though this has always been possible, the current
process is
long and complex, making it
difficult for producers to give away the food in a
timely manner.
France's
food banks are of course thrilled about the
possibility of receiving extra food. Jacques
Bailet, who heads a network of French
food banks called the Banques Alimentaires, says
that of
the 110,000 tons of goods
received annually, only 36,000 tons comes from
supermarkets. Bailet
estimates
(
估计
) that just a 15%
increase in supermarket donations would translate
to over 10
million additional meals to
feed the hungry each year.
Though this is a great first step, Arash
Dermabarsh, the activist responsible for the
grassroots
movement that led to the
ban, is not done. He now wants to extend the law
to other places like
restaurants
and
also
try
to
convince
other
countries
in
the
European
Union
to
pass
similar
regulations.
These
steps
are
necessary
because
of
the
over
9
million
tons
of
food
wasted
in
France;
an
astonishing
67%
is
thrown
away
by
consumers,
with
supermarkets
and
restaurants
making up the rest.
< br>（
1
）
What should
stores do with nearly-expired food?
A. Throw it away.
B. Send it to the hungry.
C. Store it in refrigerators.
D. Give it away to food
banks.
（
2
< br>）
What does the underlined word
A. Extra.
B. Cheap. C. Seasonal.
D. Returned.
（
3
）
What might Bailet agree with
about the French food banks?
A. They have a lot of
expired food.
B.
They will get much benefit from the
law.
C. Their
food
is
enough
for
the
people
in
need.
D. Their
food
mainly
comes
from
supermarkets.
（
4
）
What does
Dermabarsh plan to do?
A. Build more food banks in France.
B. Make the law take effect in more
places.
C. Organize
a
campaign
to
promote
this
law.
D. Raise
consumers
awareness
of
waste
reduction.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2<
/p>
）
A
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报
道，讲述了法国成为世界上第一个通过法律要求超市
捐赠即将过期食品的国家。而即将过
期食品的捐赠对人们和社会都有积极的影响。
（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知，法国成为世界上第一个通过法律要求超
市捐赠即将
过期食品的国家，之后文章就此展开。故选
D
。
（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的
“Also, excess
goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to
go bad quickly are now allowed to be
donated di
rectly to the food banks. ”
此外，像酸奶或牛奶
这样的过剩商品可能很快就会变质，现在可以直
接捐赠给食品银行。由此推知划线词的意
思是
“
额外的，过量的
”
，故选
A<
/p>
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的
“Bailet
estimates (
估计
) that just a
15% increase in
supermarket donations
would translate to over 10 million additional
meals to feed the hungry
e
ach year.”
可知，
Bailet
认为他们将从法律中得到很多好处。故选
B
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“Though
this is a great first step, Arash Dermabarsh,
the activist responsible for the
grassroots movement that led to the ban, is not
done. He now
wants to extend the law to
other places like restaurants and also try to
convince other countries
in the
European Union to pass similar regulations.”
可知，
Dermabarsh
计划让法律在更多的地
方生效。故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新
闻报
道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从
而选
出正确答案。
9
．
阅读理解
On Broadway
Dear friends and community,
We are happy to introduce our new show, On
Broadway.
This will be a
night of the most entertaining, and thrilling
Broadway Shows set on stage.
We would like to honor some of
these world class acts in our spectacular
show.
You will
experience dramatic tangos
(
探戈
), elegant waltzes
(
华尔兹
), and much
more.
This
production
will
attract
you
with
its
creative
dancing,
exciting
music,
and
beautiful
costumes.
Date: February 20 - April 4, 4 - 6 pm
Admission: $$20 presale/$$25 on the
door
Summer
Camp
Our unique and fun
summer camp features dancing, fitness, games and
other activities.
While
having
a
good
time,
campers
can
improve
their
body
coordination
(
协调
),
balance,
posture, and
physical condition.
For
the last day, we have planned a performance for
family and friends to show everything we
have learned during the
camp.
Date: Monday July
9 - Friday July 13, 9 am - 12:30 pm
Children Ages 5 & Up
North Carolina Open
I am excited to invite you to
attend the North Carolina Open, Charlotte's first
NDCA recognized
dance
competition.
Located in
the beautiful Ballantyne Resort, this is an event
you won't forget. Take part in an
elegant evening of dancing, then relax
in the spa or get away for a round of
golf.
Enjoy a full day
of dancing with world-class judges and scholarship
opportunities.
Date:
September 21
Admission:
$$30
General Information:
Yusimi Cruz, Phone: (704) 892-7000
Dance Center USA is turning 7 years
old, so come and celebrate with us!
Anniversary Gala
Wine
bar,
appetizers
(
开胃菜
),
great
music,
and
special
performances
by
Dance
Center
students and professionals will be
waiting for you.
Also,
an
award
ceremony
will
be
held
to
recognize
the
outstanding
achievement
of
our
students in the past
year.
Date: Friday April
29, 8-10 pm
Party
Admission: $$15
（
1
）
How
much do you have to pay for a ticket to On
Broadway if you book in advance?
A.$$15
B.$$20
C.$$25
D.$$30
（
2
）
How
do children benefit from the summer camp?
helps strengthen their
bodies.
enables them to
learn from famous dancers.
gain useful camping skills.
learn how to get on with their parents.
（
3
）
Whi
ch event is available in April at a good price?
Broadway
Camp
Carolina
Open
rsary Gala
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
A
（
3
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文
，介绍了四个娱乐活动：百老汇音乐剧；夏令营；北
卡罗来纳州的舞蹈公开赛以及一个周
年庆典。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据
On
Broadway
部分中的
“Admission: $$20
presale”
提前购票
$$20
，可
知，提前预定
On Broadway
的门票，只需要
$$20
。故选
B
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据
Summer
camp
部分中的
“While
having
a
good
tim
e,
campers
can
improve their body
coordination (
协调
), balance,
posture, and physical condition.”
在玩得开心的
同时，夏令营的参与者能够改善他们的身体协调性、平衡性、坐立的姿势以及身体状况，
可知，参加夏令营能帮助同学们强壮身体。故选
A
。
（
< br>3
）考查细节理解。根据
On
Broadway
部分中的
“
Date: February 20 - April 4, 4 -
6 pm”<
/p>
从
2
月
20
日持续到
4
月
4<
/p>
日；
Anniversary
Gala
部分中的
“
Date:
Friday April 29, 8-
10 pm”4
月<
/p>
29
日晚上
8
点
到
10
点，都可以在四月内观看。再根据
On
Broadway
部分中的
“
Admission:
$$20
presale/$$25 on the door”
提前预定
$$20
，现场买票
$$25
；以及
Anniversary
Gala
部分中的
“Party
Admission:
$$15”$$15
，可知，
Anniversary Gala<
/p>
的门票更便宜一些。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，
是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节
信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
10
．<
/p>
阅读理解
Buck did not know that there was trouble ahead,
Trouble for every dog with strong muscles
and warm long hair, from Seattle to
southern California. Some men had found a yellow
metal in
the Arctic darkness, and
thousands of other men were rushing there. These
men wanted dogs
that were heavy, with
strong muscles for working hard and furry coats to
protect them from the
cold.
Buck lived at a big house in a
sunny valley in California which was owned by
Judge Miller. He
was neither a house
dog nor a kennel (
狗窝
) dog.
The whole of Judge Miller's land was his. Buck
was king
—
king
over all the crawling, flying things of Judge
Miller's lands, humans included.
His father, Elmo, had been the
Judge's inseparable companion. And when he died,
Buck took
his father's place. He was
not so large
—
he weighed only
sixty kilogram
—
for his
mother, Shep,
had
been
a
Scottish
sheepdog.
Hunting
and
other
outdoor
activities
had
hardened
his
muscle,
and swimming had
made him healthy.
This
was Buck in the autumn of 1897, when the discovery
of gold in the Klondike brought Men
from
everywhere
to
the
frozen
north.
But
Buck
did
not
read
the
newspapers.
And
he
did
not
know that Manuel one of
the gardeners helper, was not a good man. Manuel
gambled (
赌博
) and
wasted the little money he had. No one
saw him and Buck go off on what Buck thought was a
walk. No one saw them arrive at the
railway station where Manuel sold Buck to a man
who was
waiting for him.
After two days ho was cried off the
train in Seattle into a small, high-walled yard.
There a fat
man in a red sweater broke
open the cage with a small axe (
斧头
)
，
while holding a club
(
棍棒
) in
the other
hand. When there was a big enough opening, Buck
jumped out like a red-eyed devil,
straight
at
the
fat
man.
But
in
mid-air,
just
as
his
teeth
were
going
to
close
on
the
man,
he
received
a shock that he had never felt before. It turned
him over and onto the ground. He had
never been struck by a club in his
life, and he did not understand. He was smashed
down a dozen
times.
Buck saw that he stood no chance
against the man with the club. He had learned the
lesson,
and for the rest of his life he
never forgot it. It was his introduction into the
world of primitive law.
In the end a small man called Perrault paid three
hundred dollars for him, and he was led away
with Curly, a good-natured Newfoundland
dog.
（
1
）
What kind of dogs did the gold-
seekers want?
house dogs with yellow hair.
long-haired dogs.
nt dogs with yellow hair
ar kennel dogs.
（
2
）
Buck was proud
of himself for the following reasons, EXCEPT that
______.
was
king over all living things of Judge Miller's
lands
became the Judge's
inseparable companion after his father's
death
had a good life with
many outdoor activities to get strong and
healthy
was wanted by gold-
seekers thanks to his strong muscles and long
hair
（
3
）
Which of the following statements is
true according to the passage?
Miller owned a big house
and a large piece of land in the
Klondike.
bought and sold
Buck because he needed money to support his
life.
fat man cruelly beat
Buck with a club to teach him how to fight
back.
's introduction into
the word of primitive law was obeying the fat
man.
（
4
）
What can be the suitable title for
the excerpt?
into Trouble
against a
Man
from Trouble
e in a Man
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
D
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，讲述了一只名为巴克的狗的遭遇。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“Trouble
for
every
dog
with
str
ong
muscles
and
warm
long
hair,
from
Seattle
to
southern
California.
These
men
wanted
dogs
that
were
heavy,
with
strong muscles for working hard and
furry coats to protect them from the cold.”
可知，从西雅图
到南加州，每一条长着结实的肌肉和温暖的长毛的狗都会在劫难
逃。这些寻金人需要的
是，高大强壮，有强壮的肌肉，能吃苦耐劳且皮毛可以帮助他们抵
御寒冷的狗。所以淘金
者需要的是强壮的长毛狗。故选
B
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“Buck
was king—
king over all the crawling,
flying things
of Judge Miller's lands,
humans included.”
可知，巴克是国王
——<
/p>
统治着
Judge Miller
领地上
所
有爬行、飞行的东西，包括人类。所以
A
选项是巴克自豪的原因；第三段中的
“His
father,
Elmo,
had
been
the
Judge's
inseparable
companion.
And
when
he
died,
Buck
took
his
father's
place. Hunting and other outdoor
activities had hardened his muscle, and swimming
had made
him
healthy.”
他的父亲艾尔莫一直是
Judge
Miller<
/p>
形影不离的伙伴。他死后，巴克接替了他
父亲的位置。打猎和其他
户外活动锻炼了他的肌肉，游泳使他身体健康。所以
B,C
两项
是