-

Part

Ⅳ

Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements.

Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest

possible words on Answer Sheet 2.

Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.

Swiss

Re

Tower

is

a

typical

example

of

green

architecture

in

London,

and

what

is

most

remarkable about this building is its energy efficiency. Thanks to its artful design and some fancy

technology,

it

is

expected

to

consume

up

to

50%

less

energy

than

a

comparable

conventional

office building. Green architecture is changing the way building are designed, built and run.

Green

architecture,

a

term

which

only

came

into

use

in

the

1990s,

has

its

origins

in

the

energy

crisis

of

the

1970s,

when

architects

began

to

question

the

wisdom

of

building

enclosed

glass and steel boxes that required massive heating and cooling systems.

The

forward

looking

architects

began

to

explore

designs

that

focused

on

the

long

term

environmental

impact

of

maintaining

and

operating

a

building.

This

approach

has

since

been

formalized

in

a

number

of

assessment

and

rating

systems,

such

as

the

BREEAM

standard

introduced

in

Britain

in

1990,

and

the

LEED

standard

developed

by

the

United

States

Green

Building Council starting in 2000.

Going green saves money by reducing long term energy costs; a survey of 99 green buildings

in

America

found

that

on

average,

they

use

30%

less

energy

than

comparably

conventional

buildings.

Green buildings can also have other benefits. The use of natural daylight in office buildings,

for

example,

as

well

as

reducing

energy

costs,

also

seems

to

make

workers

more

productive.

Lockheed Martin, an aerospace(

航空宇宙

) firm, found that absenteeism(

旷工

) fell by 15% after it

moved 2 500 employees into a new green building in Sunnyvale, California.

47. Owing to its delicate design and advanced technology, Swiss Re Tower in London uses

less energy than those traditional office buildings by .

48. Green architecture could date back to .

49. Today, when assessing and rating architecture, the long term environmental effect in the

maintenance of the building has been .

50. Green architectures can reduce expenditure on the maintenance by .

51. Besides the benefit of saving money, green buildings can also bring .

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions

or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You

should

decide

on

the

best

choice

and

mark

the

corresponding

letter

on

Answer

Sheet

2

with

a

single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.

Television is often viewed as an anti intellectual medium. But truly clever people know how

to use even the most unpromising material, and that is what Val Curtis and her colleagues at the

London School of Hygiene

and Tropical Medicine have done. They employed the

mass

market

appeal

of

TV

to

test

a

long

held,

but

unproven,

hypothesis(

假设

):

that

the

emotion

of

disgust

evolved to protect people from disease.

They set up their experiment in October 2007, by

publicizing it on a BBC program called

个

人介绍的

) details, to view a series of 20 pictures and rate each of them for disgustingness on a

scale of one to five. They were also asked to choose, from a list of possible candidates, with whom

they would least like to share a toothbrush.

The results showed that in all seven pairs, the disease distinct pictures were more disgusting

than their counterparts. For things like the apparent depiction of bodily fluids, or of a face that had

been

more distinguishing than an empty one, and a louse more disgusting than a wasp.

These

last

results

confirmed

Dr

Curtis's

suspicion

that

disgust

is

not,

as

many

disgust

researchers believe, just a way of avoiding eating disease bearing materials. Rather, it extends to

threats that might be contagious(

传染性的

). Indeed, one result of the study was to show that the

young are easier to disgust than the old. Another result was that women are more easily disgusted

than

men.

Both

of

these

make

evolutionary

sense.

The young

have

more

reproductive

potential

than the old, so should be more careful about what they touch and eat. And women are usually

burdened with bringing up the children, so have to be disgusted on their offspring's behalf, as well

as their own.

The

results

of

the

toothbrush

study

made

similar

sense.

Strangers

are

more

likely

to

carry

new bacteria than acquaintances. Hence, of the available choices of toothbrush partner, a postman

came off

worst, and a lover best. A brush notionally belonging to a weatherman was, however,

preferred

to

the

boss's.

Clearly

the

British

feel

more

intimacy

with

the

former

than

the

later.

Perhaps

it

might

have

been

instructive

to

include

a

famous

television

personality

among

the

choices?

52. In the first paragraph television is mentioned to .

A) prove that what some intellectuals had claimed is wrong

B) show that TV is an essential part of British people's daily life

C) demonstrate that mass media is a very profitable industry

D) introduce the media through which the survey was advertised

53. The experiment is chiefly done by .

A) watching the TV program called

B) visiting different websites and making matches between pictures and numbers

C) rating various photos with numbers and selecting from a choice list

D) filling in biographical details and choosing a toothbrush

54. Which of the following is true about the result of the experiment?

A) A spotted face is more disgusting than a picture of bodily fluids.

B) A full packed subway is more disgusting than a louse.

C) A bleeding face is the most disgusting one.

D) A wasp makes people feel better than a louse.

55. The results of the experiment make evolutionary sense in that .

A) old people are less likely to produce goods for the society than the young

B) people's emotion of disgust is often related to the safety of their children

C) women are more likely to bring up children independent of men's help

D) old people are more likely to be disgusted than women

56. The results of the toothbrush experiment show that .

A) a boss is normally less clean and healthy than a weatherman

B) a postman is often dirtier than a lover

C) a public figure is often more popular than a boss in Britain

D) a famous television personality is the best toothbrush partner

Passage Two

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

When it comes to health, the poor are doubly cursed. Not only are they more prone to deadly

infectious

diseases

than

the

rich,

but

they

have

far

less

access

to

the

means

of

improvement.

Twenty years ago, Paul Farmer, an American doctor and anthropologist(

人类学者

), set out to do

something

about

this.

Amid

the

political

turmoil(

混乱

)and

poverty

of

rural

Haiti,

he

created

a

community

based

health

care

system

called

Zanmi

Lasante,

or

Partners

in

Health.

It

not

only

delivers appropriate, affordable medical treatment to thousands of poor people, but goes beyond

the clinic to address the social causes making them sick and keeping them from getting better.

As Dr. Farmer argues, improving the health of the poor is not just a medical challenge, but a

question of human rights. Tackling the inequality, racism, sexism and other forms of

violence

it, medicine without food is like washing one's hands and drying them in the dirt.

Unfortunately, Dr. Farmer's powerful message is often weakened by his book's academic tone.

It does, however, scream out in passages describing the human face of

these personal stories that make Dr. Farmer's anger at such

The good doctor's motives and methods are better described in Mountains Beyond Mountains.

This

biography

by

Tracy

Kidder

traces

Dr.

Farmer

from

his

unconventional

upbringing

and

unusual

education,

shuttling

(

来回穿梭于

)

between

the

shacks

of

central

Haiti

and

the

halls

of

Harvard Medical School, to his later work around the world. Though well written, Mr. Kidder's

book

also

makes

for

uncomfortable

reading.

The

author

is

clearly

close

to

his

subject,

having

traveled with Dr. Farmer from the green poverty of Haiti

to the tubercular whiteness of Russia.

Too

close,

perhaps.

The

biographer

seems

to

be

seeking

his

subject's

approval,

rather

than

the

other way round. Mr. Kidder writes, rather disturbingly, about his fear of disappointing Dr. Farmer,

his own pain at wounding him with a critical remark and his relief at the doctor's forgiveness.

When

Mr.

Kidder's

health

falls,

this

dependence

becomes

all

the

more

intense.

But

rather

than compromise the book's equity(

公正

), this intimacy serves to highlight Dr. Farmer's admirable,

yet ultimately irritating, character. As Mr. Kidder observes,

anyone feel comfortable, except those lucky enough to be his patients or those unlucky enough to

need him.

57. What makes the

A) It makes attempts to help the poor on a social level.

B) It is aimed at treating poor people for free.

C) It is designed to help the poor rise from poverty.

D) It offers community help to those who are poor.

58. What can be inferred from the last sentence of the second paragraph?

A) Hands should not be dried in the dirt after washing.

B) Medicine is also needed for cleaning hands.

C) Medicine is not a long term cure to their poor health.

D) Food can cure their disease better than any medicine.

59. The disadvantage of Dr. Farmer's book seems to be that.

A) the plots in the book are not attractive enough

B) the way he tells the stories is not compelling enough

C) the anger he expresses at

D) the tone is not strong enough to arouse people's attention

60. Mr. Kidder's book also makes for uncomfortable reading because .

A) Mr. Kidder himself has never been involved in Dr. Farmer's life

B) Mr. Kidder is afraid of making true comments on Dr. Farmer

C) Mr. Kidder's emotions prevent him from independent writing

D) Mr. Kidder is always waiting for Dr. Farmer's forgiveness

61. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .

A) Dr. Farmer only helped those who are lucky enough

B) Dr. Farmer may have severely criticized the society

C) Dr. Farmer was not actually making his patients comfortable

D) Dr. Farmer's job is not to make people comfortable

Part

Ⅳ

Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)

Section A

随着全球能源紧张和环境污染日益严重，

绿色建筑逐渐成为全世界共同关注的话题。

其

特点为减少能 源和资源消耗，并尽可能采用新技术和新材料。

47. nearly 50%

[

定位

]< /p>

根据题干中的

Swiss Re Tower

可以定位到第一段第二句：

Thanks to its artful design

and some fancy technology, it is expected to consume up to 50% less energy than a comparable

conventional office building.

[

精解< /p>

]

题目问的是得益于其精良的设计、先进的技术，

Swiss Re Tower

比传统办公大楼

能节省 多少能源。该句意为

由于其设计精良，技术先进，

Swiss

Re

Tower

有望比传统建筑

节能近

50%

。< /p>

题干中的

owing to

与原文中

thanks to

的同 义，

traditional

与

con ventional

同义。

by

在此句 中为介词，表程度相差多少的意思，后面应接数字。故答案为

nearly 50%

。

48. the energy crisis of the 1970s

[

定位< /p>

]

根据题干中的

green