Lesson one 英语人称代词和物主代词
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2021年01月29日 07:22
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英语人称代词和物主代词讲义(
for teacher
)
一、人称代词
单数
复数
人称
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
he
him
第三人称
she
her
they
them
it
it
人称代词的用法
< br>1
.一般情况下,人称代词的主格作主语,放在句子的开头。作主语,表示谁怎么样了、干
什么了。
I am a teacher.
我是一名教师。(
I
是主语)
You are 11 years old.
你
11
岁了。(
You
是主语)
He is my friend.
他是我的朋友。(
He
是主语)
It is hot today.
今天天气热。(
It
是主语)
2
.宾格作宾语,
通常放在动词或介词的后面,
表示动作行为的对象,
如:
动 词
let,
like,
help,
give, ask
介词
for, to, of, at
Can you help me
?你能帮我吗?(
me
是宾语)
The cake is for you.
这个蛋糕是给你的。(
you
是宾语)
Give it to me
(
it me
都是宾语)
注意点
1
.人称代词
I
无论放在句首、句中或句尾,都要大写。
2
.人称代词
she
除了指女性“她”之外,还可以指祖国、月亮等拟人的东西。< br>
如:
I love my country. She is great.
The moon is in the sky. She is round and bright.
动词在人称代词后的使用:我是
am
你是
are is
连着他她它,其余复数都是
Jim
he Kate
she Tom and Mike
they Lucy and I
we
3.
用
be
动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jack's sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.
7. How _______ your father?
8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.
9. Whose dress ______ this?
10. Whose socks ______ they?
11. That ______ my red skirt.
12. Who ______ I?
23. ______ David and Helen from England?
30. You, he and I ______ from China.
人称的习惯顺序:
< br>如果有几个不同的人称同时作主语,且用
and
,
or
连接时,习惯顺 序是:
单数:
you
,
he
,
and I
复数:
we
,
you
,
and they
但是,如果是做错事,承担责任时,有时,说话的人把
I
放在第一位。
Who broke the window
?谁打碎了玻璃?
I and Li Ming.
我和李明
.
四、
It
的特殊用法
1
.
一般情况下,
it
表示人以外的动物和东西,
婴儿和未 确定身份的人,
是单数名词的代词,
译为“它”。
Where
’
s my book
?
Have you seen it
?
我的书在哪里?你看见了没有?
The dog is in the garden
,
isn
’
t it
?
狗在花园里,是吧?
The baby cried because it is hungry.
婴儿哭了,因为他
/
她饿了。
(
Someone is ringing.
)
Who
’
s it
?
It
’
s me.
(有人在按门铃。)谁呀?是我。
2
.但在表示天气、时间、距离等时,用
it
来代替,此时的
it
,并不译为“它”。
1
)指天气
:It is sunny today.
今天阳光灿烂。
2
)指气候
:It's cold in this room.
这个房间很冷。
3
)指时间
:What time is it
?
It's six thirty.
几点了?六点半了。
4
)指距离
:How far is it from here to the park
?
从这儿到公园有多远?
It's about two miles.
大约是二英里。
用作形式主语或形式宾语
It
’
s
very
important
for
us
to
learn
English
well.
(实际主语是
to
learn
English
well
)
对我们来说,学好英语很重要。
I found it hard to fly a kite.
(实际主语是
to fly a kite
)
我发现放风筝很难。
二、物主代词
单数
复数
数
人称
第一
第二
第三
第一
第二
第三
类别
人称
人称
人称
人称
人称
人称
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
形容词性物主代词
(my/your/his/ her/its/our/their)+
名词(用于修饰名词)
名词性物主代词< br>(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs
则相当于形容词 性物主代词
+
名词。如:
Is this your book?
No,
,
it isn’t
,
it’s hers(her book)
(Jim’s
,
Tom’s
,
Maria’s )
物主代词也有人称和数的变化。
通过观察上表,我们发现,除了
my
的名词性物主代词是
mine,
his
和
its
的名词性和形容词
性相同外,其他的名词性物主代词都是在 对应的形容词性物主代词后面加
“s”
变成的。形容
词性物主代词用来修饰名词,表示是属于谁的东西。
名词性物主代词等于对应的形容词性物
主代词加一个名词。如:
This is her book. = This book is hers.
Are these your pens? = Are these pens yours?
用物主代词填空
:
1. I own
(拥有)
that cat; that cat is ____ .
2. You own that cat: that cat is ____ .
3. He owns that cat; that cat is ____ .
4. She owns that cat; that cat is ____ .
5. They own that cat; that cat is ____
his
is
(
我
)
book.
That
is
(
你
).
These pens are
(
他们
).
(
你们
) are over there.
三、课堂练习
(
1
)按要求写出下列代词的形式
1
、
I
(宾格)
________
7
、
it
(宾格)
________
2
、
he
(形容词性物主代词)
________
8
、
him
(复数)
________
3
、
us
(主格)
________
9
、
her
(形容词性物主代词)
________
4
、
they
(宾格)
________
10
、
my
(复数)
________
5
、
she
(宾格)
________
11
、
they
(名词性物主代词)
________
6
、
you
(名词性物主代词)
________
12
、
we
(单数)
________
(
2
)选出括号中正确的词,在正确的词上打勾。
1. This is
(
my / I
)
mother.
5. Excuse
(
me / my / I
)
.
9. Fine , thank
(
your / you
)
.
2. Nice to meet
(
your / you
)
.
6. Are
(
your / you
)
Miss Li?
10. How old is
(
he / his
)
?
3.
(
He / His
)
name is Mark.
7.
(
I/ My
)
am Ben.
4. What’s
(
she / her
)
name?
8.
(
She / Her
)
is my sister.
(
3
)根据给出的汉语,用恰当的形式填空。
1.
(
她
) is a student.
(
她
) sister is a student too.
2.
(
我
) want
(
你
) to do it today.
3. Can
(
你
) read it for
(
我们
).
4.
(
你们
) are from England.
(
我们
) are from China.
5. All of
(
我们
) love
(
他们
)
(
4
)用所给代词的正确形式填空。
1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers.
2. That is _______( she ) sister.
3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister.
4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary.
5. ______(Ann
安
)mother is ______(we) teacher.
6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students.
7. Do you know
______ ( it ) name?
8. Mike and Tom __________ ( be ) friends.
9. Thanks for helping ________( I ).
(
5
)填上正确的人称代词和物主代词
1._____ is my friend.
他是我的朋友。
2. My dog likes _____.
我的狗喜欢她。
3. Who is there? It’s _____.
是谁啊?是我。
4. Come with _____.
跟我来。
5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____.
你们的教室比我们的要大。
6. _____ are Chinese.
我们是中国人。
7.I want to buy some balloons for ______.
我想买些气球送给他。
8. These are ______ photos.
这些是我们的照片。
9. _____ like ______ very much.
他们非常喜欢它。
10. Let _____ give _____ a book.
让我给你一本书。
11. This is _____ father.
这是我的爸爸。
12. Is that
bike ______? Yes, it’s ______.
那辆自行车是你的吗?是,它是我的。
13. _____ like ______ car.
我喜欢他们的小汽车。
14. ______ school is here, and ______ is there.
我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿
.
15.
Whose bike is this? It’s _____ .
这是谁的自行车?是她的。
16.
Is that car ______? Yes, it’s ______.
那辆车是你的吗?是的,它是我的。
(
6
)选择题。
(
)
1. Look at
.
A. him B. he C. his
(
)
2. I drive
to the park every day.
A. they B. their C. them
(
)
3.
classroom is big.
A. we B. us C. Our
(
)
4. I love
.
A. she B. her C. hers
(
)
5. Do you know
?
A. I
B. my C. me
(
)
6. I am
son.
A. they B. their C. them
(
)
7. This is not _____ desk.. My desk is over there.
A. I
B. my C. me
(
)
8.
-
Can you spell _____ name, Harry?
-
Sorry.
A. you
B. your C. yours
(
)
9. Tom and Jack are brothers. This is _____ room.
A. they
B. them C. their
(
)
10. We are in the same class. _____ classroom is very nice.
A. our
B. my C. ours
(
)
11. Mrs Green is my teacher. I’m _____ student.
A. he B. his C. him
(
)
12. That’s a cat. _____ n
ame is Mimi.
A. It
B. It’s C. Its
(
7
)用括号里的代词的适当形式填空
1,Mr Yang is _______(we) teacher.________(him) is from Beijing. _______(his)
teaches______(our) English.
第
4
页
共
10
页
2,Look,there is a cat._______(they) is Lily's.____(it) name is Mimi.
3,Let______(I) tell ______(she) about_____(he) life at school.
4,This is ______(they) room. Where is _____(our)?
5,Don't use the is ______(me).
6,The lady under the tree is ______(me) aunt._____(her) often sings with _____(she) husband
(
8
)用所给词的适当形式填空
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big.
( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it
’
s not _________ . ( I )
4.
_________
is
my
brother.
_________
name
is
Jack.
Look!
Those
stamps
are
_________.
( he )
5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )
6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she )
7. I can find my toy, but where
’
s _________? ( you )
8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
9. I have a
beautiful
cat.
_________name is
Mimi.
These cakes are
_________. (
it
)
10. Are these _________ tickets? No, _________ are not _________. _________ aren
’
t here. ( they )
11.
Shall
_________
have
a
look
at
that
classroom?
That
is
_________
classroom.
(
we
)
12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she )
13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )
14. Where are _________? I can
’
t find _________. Let
’
s call _________ parents.
( they )
15. The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )
16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
17. _________ don
’
t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
18. So many dogs. Let
’
s count _________. ( they )
19.
I
have
a
lovely
brother.
_________
is
only
3.
I
like
_________
very
much.
(
he
)
20. May I sit beside _________? ( you )
第
5
页
共
10
页