不定式的例句带题
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不定式的例句
动词不定式的基本形式为“
to
+ < br>动词原形”
,其否定形式是
“
__________
”
。它能起名词的作用,
在句子中充
_____ _____
______
。
一、
动词不定式在作
_____ (subject)
1.
英语中,不定式短语可放在句首充当句子的主语。
To learn English well is very important.
2.
但为 了使句子平衡,常用
it
做形式主语放在句首,而往往将动词
不定式放在谓语或表语之 后。
Is it necessary to bring an umbrella today?
It is not easy to learn a foreign language well. = ____________________
在此句型中,如果要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的,
可在不定式前
加一个
____
引起的短语,作不定式的
_______
。
It is difficult for us to finish the work.
要回答这个问题对于 我们来说很困难。
翻译:
_____________________
但是,
如果表语是
kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, polite
等描述行为者
的性格、品质的形容词,则应在不定式前加一个
____
引起的短语。
It
’
s very kind of you to help me.
注意:
1. of sb.
和
for sb.
这两种结构还有一个区别,在
of sb.
结构中,
可用
sb .
直接作句子的主语来改写“
____________________
”结构。< br>____________________________ =He was foolish to go alone.
________________________ =You are kind to give me the book.
for sb.
结构则不能这样转换。
It is difficult for us to finish the work
不能
改写成
We are difficult to finish the work.
2.
动词不定 式作主语,同时有另一个不定式作表语时,不能转换成
“
It
’
s...to do sth.
”的句型。如:
To see is to believe.
3.
“疑问代
(
副
)
词
+
动 词不定式”在句中作
________
。
怎样控制水污染是一个 重要的问题。
____________________________
When to start the project remains undecided.
二、
不定式作
______(object)
1.
不定式做
_____
时须注意:
A.
不定式并不是可做任何及物动词的宾语。能接不定式做宾语的动
词有:
afford, agree, arrange, ask, attempt, begin, care, choose, continue,
dare, decide, desire, demand, determine, elect, expect, fail, hate, hesitate,
hope,
intend,
know,
learn,
like,
long,
love,
manage,
mean,
need,
offer,
plan,
prepare,
promise,
pretend,
prefer,
refuse,
require,
start,
try,
wait,
want, wish, wonder.
如:
I can
’
t afford to buy such an expensive computer.
他决定在那个工厂工作。
_____________________ ______________
B.
做宾语的不定式如果带有自己的补足语,则须用
____
做形式宾
语,而将真正的宾语置于
__________
之后。
Do you think it necessary to master a foreign language?
我发现和你呆在一起很有趣。翻译:
_________________________
C.
不定式一般不做介词的宾语,但可做介词
but,
except
的宾语,并
且,当
but, except
前面如果有 动词
do
时,后面
___________
。
He said nothing except to go away.
我们 现在什么都不能做,
只有等待。
____________________________ _
D.
疑问词
+
动词不定式做宾语(疑问词可以是
_____
_____
_____
_____
___
___
___
___
等)
I don
’
t know how to get there.
他问下一步该做什么。翻译:
________________________ ________
三、
不定式做
___________(object complement)
词不定式在句子中可以用作宾OC,常用“
_______ __
”的句子结构
中。不定式作宾语补足语的有以下八种类型:
1
、结构形式为“
_______________
”
。
My boss told me to type out two letters.
Please remind me not to be late for the meeting.
适用于该结构的动词有:
advise
,
allow,
ask
,
beg
,
cause
,
direc t
,
encourage
,
expect
,
forbid< br>,
force
,
invite
,
order
,
permit
,
persuade
,
remind
,
re -quest
,
require
,
teach
,
tell< br>,
want
,
warn.
2
、有些动词可跟“
__ __________
”构成句子,句中的不定式作宾语
补足语。
I consider him to be the best candidate.
我知道他是一个骗子。_________________
I suppose him to be away from home.
适用于该结构的动词有:
consi der
,
declare
,
discover
,
feel< br>,
find
,
suppose..
3
、有些动词
(
感官动词和使动词
)
后可跟不带
to
的不定式构成句子,
句 中的不定式作宾语补足语。
He saw her enter the room.
She won't let me do it.
我听见他锁上了们。__________
We watched the children play games.
适用于
“
____________< br>”
结构的动词有:
feel
,
have
,
hear< br>,
let
,
make
,
notice
,
ob serve
,
see
,
watch
,
listen to
,
look at.
注意
:
这类句子变为被动结构时,
_______
。
4
、
help
后的不定式可加
to
,也可不加
to,但被动结构中
_______
。
I'll help you(to) push the cart = ___________________________(
被动
)
5
、 有些“动词
+
介词”的结构后也可跟不定式构成句子,句中的不定
式作宾语补足语。< br>He shouted to me to come over.
我靠你来做这件事。__________________
I am counting on you to help me through.
适用“
______________
”结构的动词有
shout to do
,
call on sb. to
do
,
count on sb. to do
,
depend on sb. to do
,
wait for sb. to do.
6
、
作宾语补足语的不定式,
表示的动作在 谓语所表示情况之前发生,
就需要用
_________
He was known to have worked for the International Olympic Committee.
7
、
作宾语补足语的不定式,
表示一个正在进行的动 作时需用
_______.
He is believed to be living in Mexico.
Thousands were reported to be working in concentration camps.
注意
:不定式作宾语补足语也可用于
___________
。
She is said to have been doing this work for twenty years.
8
、不定式作宾语补足语的被动形式
__________
:
He didn't want her son to be taken away.
I'd like this room to be redecorated.
He didn't wish the subject to be mentioned in the letter.
四、
不定式短语作
_________
(
pred icative
)
My hope is to become a scientist like Einstein.
My job is to teach English.
注意:
A.
一般说来,不定式前面的< br>to
不能省略,但当主语部分含有
动词
do
时,__
须省略。
What I want is to visit the History Museum now.
他想在那条河里游泳。翻译:
_____________________________
B.
不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时,
表示主语的_______;
当不 定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时,___________。
We are to keep the order in the street.
Our job is to keep the order in the street.
五、
不定式作
_______(Attribute)
不定式在句中做定语通常做后置定语,它通常有以下几种用法:
1.
不定式常可用来修饰物,表示
_______
。
The next train to arrive was from New York.
We are looking for somewhere to live.
2.
不定式还可用来修饰人。
He was the first guest to arrive.
Miss Brown was the next person to rise to speak.
。
3.
很多特定的名词后也可用不定式做定语,这样的名词常用的有:
way
,< br>time
,
reason
,
chance
,
oppo rtunity
,
need
,
wish
,
effort,
right
,
ambition
等。
It's time for you to get up and go to school.
They have now an opportunity to go abroad to study further.
4.
某些动词或形容词后可接不定式时,它相应的同根名词也常用不
定式做定语。
He made an attempt to learn
English well. (
)
His ability to get on with people is his chief advantage. (
)
3. I don't trust his promise to come for a visit.(
)
注意:
1.
当不定式中的动词与所修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系,
且该动词为不及物动词时,需用“
_______
”的结构。
I need a pen to write with.
Give me some paper to write on.
(
这种不定式
+
介词做 定语的形式也可转换成:
_____________
作定语,
I need a pen to write with = _________________________________
2.
不定式做定语除了原形
to do
外,还会下面的形式,即:不定式的
被动形 式
_________
,不定式的完成时
__________.
There is no need to have bought a new pair of shoes for me.
There are plans to be made at once.
注意:动词不定式主动表被动的情况:
在某些情况下
,
虽然表示被动意思
,
用的却是不定式的主动形式。
常见
的有下列几种情况
:
一、
在某些固定句型中
,
动词不定式作定语
,
用主动形式表被动意义。
1
)
have
(
give, show
)
sth. to do
在这种句型中的不定式与前边的名词有动宾关系
,
又和句中另一名