省略to 的动词不定式用法归纳
余年寄山水
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2021年01月31日 23:51
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小男孩和小女孩-begrudge
省略
to
的动词不定式用法归纳
一、使役动词与
to
的省略
当不定式用于
let, make, have
等使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式必须省略
to
。如：
Let me have another cup of tea.
给我再来一杯茶。
She had him dig away the snow.
她让他把雪挖走。
They made him tell them everything.
他们强迫他把一切全告诉他们。
但是，当使役动词用于被动语态时，其后的不定式则必须要带
to
。如：
他被迫一天工作
20
小时。
误：
He was made work twenty hours a day.
正：
He was made to work twenty hours a day.
注意，表示使役意义的
let
和
have
很少用于被动语态。
另外注意，
force,
oblige
等虽然也表示
“
使
”
，但它们后用作宾语补足语的不
定式必须带
to
。如：
They forced her to sign the paper.
他们强迫她在文件上签字。
The law obliged parents to send their children to school.
法律要求父母送子女上
学。
考例：
teacher forbade ________ our seats.
to leave
leaving
leave
leaving
had her friend ________ the best one.
choose
girl was ma
de _________ she didn’t love at all.
a man
marry a man
marry with a man
d with
a man
二、感觉动词与
to
的省略
当不定式用于表示感觉的动词
feel,
hear,
notice,
observe,
see,
watch,
look
at,
listen to
等作宾语补足语时，不定式必须省略
to
。如：
We all felt the house shake.
我们都感觉这房子在震动。
I heard him go down the stairs.
我听见他下楼了。
Did you notice her leave the house?
她离开屋子你注意到了吗
?
I watched her get into the car.
我看着她上了车。
但是，当
feel
后用作宾语补足语的不定式为
to be
时，则不能省略
to
。如：
They all felt the plan to be unwise.
他们都认为这个计划不明智。
注意，当这些动词变为被动语态时，不定式前的
to
不能省略。如：
They were heard to break a glass in the next door.
听见他们在隔壁打破了一个
玻璃杯子。
另外，若用作宾语补足语的不定式为完成式，则通常应带
to
。如：
I noticed her to have come early.
我注意到她来得很早。
考例：
She
told
that
she
heard
someone
for
help
last
night
call
B. call
g
三、在
had better
、
would rather
、
may
／
might as well
、
rather than
等搭配
之后，动词不定式也不带
to
。
例如：
If you'd
rather be alone
，
we'1l
a11 leave here
．
如果你宁愿独自呆着．那我们都离开这儿。
You might as well go without her
．
你们还是小带她去为好。
(
考例
)
1.
You’d better _________ when you
come in.
to wake up me
to wake me up
to wake up me
to wake me up
2.
“How about a drink?”
“I’d rather ________ something to eat.”
have
四 、在介词
but
，
except
之后，如果其前有动词
do
的某种形式，其后不定
式一般不带
to
，反之则必须带
to
，表示< br>“
不得不，只能
”
。
例如：
He does nothing but watch TV all day long
．
他整天除了看电视无所事事、
I have no choice but to accept the fact
．
我别无选择只有接受这个事实。
(
考例
)
Sandy could do nothing but____to his teacher that he was wrong
．
ed
C.
．
admitting
admit
五、以
why
或
why not
开头引起的无主语中，动词不定式要省略
to
。
Why argue with him?
为什么要和他争辩呢
?
Why not tell me aboutit in time?