不定式的句法功能思维导图

别妄想泡我
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2021年01月31日 23:58
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2021年1月31日发(作者:白鹿原小说读后感)
舟楫英语课堂

精通句子结构

非谓语动词(一)






































不定式作
主语
as
the subject
['s
ʌ
bd
ʒ
ikt]

不定式短


+
谓语动词

To
know
oneself
is
difficult. / It's
difficult
to
know
oneself.
了解自己很困难。


To
go
to
school
on
foot
every
day
takes
me
half
an
hour. /
It
takes
me
half
an
hour
to
go
to
school
on
foot
every
day.
我每天步行上学花费半个小时。

To
read
this
book
through
will
require
time
and
patience. / It
will
require
time
and
patience
to
read
this
book
through.
读完这本书需要时间与耐心。

It's
+
形容


+
for/of+
逻辑主语

+

定式短语


It

形式主语)

It's
+
形容词
(附表
1


+
of
逻辑主语

+
不定
式短语

It's
+
形容词
(附表
2


+
for
逻辑主语

+
不定
式短语

It's
very
nice
of
you
to
be
so
considerate.
你太好了想得这么周到。
(
可改写为:
) You are nice to be so
considerate. It's
unwise
of
them
to
turn
down
the
proposal.
他们
拒绝采纳这个建议是不明智的。
They are unwise to turn down the proposal.

It's
not
easy
for
you
to
get
him
to
change
his
mind.
你要说服他改变主意是不容易的。

It's
impossible
for
him
to
give
up
smoking.
要他戒烟是不可能的。

It's
+



+
for
+

辑主语

+
不定
式短语

It
is
a
great
honor
for
us
to
be
present
at
this
rally.
我们来参加这个大会是很荣幸的。
rally ['r
æ
li] n.

集会

patience ['pei
ʃ
ə
ns] n.

耐心
,
忍耐
,
毅力

It
will
be
a
mistake
for
us
not
to
help
him.
我们不帮助他们将是一个错误。
require
[ri'kwai
ə
] v.

要求
,
需要
proposal [pr
ə
'p
ə
uz
ə
l] n.

求婚
,
建议
,
提议
It is a pleasure

for me

to
work with you.
和你一起工作真是件乐事。

不定式作
宾语
as
有些动词
(附表
3

常用动词不定式作
宾语

We
agreed
to
meet
here
but
so
far
she
hasn't
turned
up
yet.
我们约定在这里见面,但是到现在她都还没露面。

He undertook to finish the job by Friday.
他答应星期五或之前完成这一工作。
He
offered
to
help
us.
他提出要
帮助我们。






the object
['
ɔ
bd
ʒ
ikt]

主语

+
谓语动词

+
it(
形式宾

)
+
形容词
/
名词
/
代词(作补
语)

+
不定式(作真正宾语)

We
think
it
wrong
to
tell
a
lie.
我们认为说谎是不对的。

I
felt
it
useless
for
us
to
say
anything
further.
我觉得我们再说下去也没有用。

I
made
it
a
rule
to
get
up
early,
take
a
cold
bath,
and
then
do
some
running.
我已经养成习惯,早早起床,
洗个冷水澡,
然后去跑步。
They
found
it
impossible
to
get
everything
ready
in
time.
他们发现不
可能把一切按时准备好

I
consider
it
better
not
to
go.
我认为还是不去为好。

不定式作
宾补
as
主语

+
谓语动词
(附表
the object
complement
4


+


+
不定式
(
作宾补
)

I
shall
try
to
persuade
her<
to
see
the
doctor>.
我将尽力劝她去看病。

I
shall
have
to
ask
her
to
the
company>.
我只好请她离开这个公司。

The
villagers
didn't
allow
them
do
this>.
村民们不允许他们这样做。
We know her
我们知道她很诚

['k
ɔ
mplim
ə
nt]

实。
I now call upon the chairman .
现在
请主席向大会致辞。


主语

+
谓语动词
(附表
5


+



+
不带
to
的不定式
(
作宾补
)

I
felt
someone
me
by
the
sleeve>.
我觉得有人在拉我的衣袖。


I noticed them
我注意到他们
进来了。





































We sat outside a cafe, watching the world
.
我们坐在一家小餐馆外面,望着眼前来来往往的人们(静观众生百态)。

Let
me
what

you are
thinking
of>.
告诉我你在想什么。






























不定式作
定语
as
不定式短语作定语
the attributive
[
ə
'tribjutiv]

词的后面,作后置
定语

时,必须放在中心
Do
you
have
anything
more
(to
say)
你还有什么话要说吗
It's
time
(to
start
spring
sowing

['s
ə
ui
ŋ
])
.
春播的时间到
了。
That's
the
best
way(
to
solve
the
problem).
这是解决这个
问题的最好办法。
You
have
no
right
(to
talk
like
that).
你没有权利那样说话。

Perhaps
in
years(
to
come)
we
shall
meet
again.
或许在未来的岁月中我们还会见面。







如果作定语的不定式为不及物动词,
后面必

I
need
a
chair
(to
sit
on).
我需要一只椅子来坐。
Mary
needs
a
friend (
to
play
with)

须加上介词。使之能和它的逻辑宾语搭配。

丽需要一个玩伴。

























She's
the
nice
person (
to
work
with).
她是一个很好共事的人
There's
nothing
(to
be
worried
about).
没有什么事值得发愁

不定式作
表语
as
作表语的不定式短语通常是说明主语
the predicative
[']

的内容,这时主语通常是表示目的愿望
一类的名词
(附表< br>6



The
purpose
of
new
technologies
is
to
make
life
easier,
not
to
make
it
more
difficult.
新技术的目的是使生活更
便利,而不是更繁琐。


Her
wish
is
to
become
a
singer.
她的愿望是当一名歌手。





Our
plan
is
to
finish
the
work
in
two
weeks.
我们的计划就是在两星期内完成这项工作。

不定式作
状语
as
作目的
the adverbial
[
ə
d'v
ə
:bi
ə
l]

状语

They
ran
over
[to
welcome
the
delegates].
他们跑过去欢迎代表们。
We
must
do
everything
we
can[to
help
them].
我们要尽一切力量帮助他们。


They
went
there
[to
visit
their
teacher].
他们去那里拜访他们的老师。
[To
explain
more
clearly],
I'll
show
you
the
pictures.
为了解释得更
清楚,
我给你们看一些图片。

in
order
to/
so
as
to
也可以用来引起目的状语
Tom
kept
quiet
about
the
accident,
[so
as
not
to
lose
his
job].
为了不至于丢掉饭碗,汤姆闭口不谈事故的事。

作结果
状语

What
have
I
said [
to
make
you
so
excited]
我说了什么使你这么激动
He
woke
up
[to
find
everybody
gone].
他醒了过来,结果发现大家都走
了。

以下结构,可以用来引起结果状语:

so...as
to/
such...
as
to/
enough
to/
only
to/
too...to

Would
you
be
so
kind
[
as
to
do
me
a
favour
]

请你帮我一下好吗
Her madness is not such
[
as to fill her mother with despair
]
.
她还没有疯到令其
母亲绝望的程度。
The
boy
is
old
[enough
to
take
care
of
himself].
这个男孩够大了,可以自己照顾自己。

She
returned
[only
to
find
that
no
one
was
at
home].
她回到家,才发现家里没有一个人。



作原因
We
all
rejoiced

[ri'd
ʒ
ɔ
isd] [
to
hear
of
your
success].
听说你们成功了我们很高兴。
He
shuddered
[to
think
of
his
bitter
past].

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空调行业-条幅标语


空调行业-条幅标语


空调行业-条幅标语


空调行业-条幅标语


空调行业-条幅标语


空调行业-条幅标语


空调行业-条幅标语