(完整word版)冠词的常见用法归纳
三八节致辞-
冠词
(
教师版
)
一、冠词概述
冠
词是虚词
,
它不能单独使用
.
只能附在一个名词上说明这个名词
.
冠词分为不
定
冠
a(an)
词和定冠词
the.
不定冠词一般表示泛指
;
定冠词一般表示特指
.
二、不定冠词
a(an)
的用法
A. <
/p>
不定冠词
a(an)
用于单数可数名词前
.a
用于辅音字母开始的词前
;an<
/p>
用于元音
字母开始的词前
.
如
:a girl an English book
B.
不定冠词用来表示类别
,
指某一类人或某一类事物中的一个
(
泛指
).
如
:
His
father is a doctor. He works in a middle school in
Beijing.
C.
不定冠词用于单数可数名词前
,
可以表示其全类
(
泛指
).
如
:
An English teacher teaches the students
how to learn English.
三、定冠词
t
he
的用法
①
表示上文提到过的人或事物
.
如
:He bought an English-
Chinese dictionary this morning. The dictionary is
very
good.
②
用于单数可数名词前
,
表示整体或类别
.
如
:The panda is a
rare animal.
此句等于
:A panda is
a rare animal. = Pandas are rare animals.
③
用来表示世界上独一无二的事物
.
如
:the sun, the moon, the
sky, the earth, the world
④
用于表示阶级
,
党派的名词前
.
如
:the Chinese
Communist Party , the working class the
proletariat
无产阶级
⑤
常用于含有普通名词或形容词的专有名词前
.
A.
用于许多江海
,
山脉
,
群岛等名词前
:
The Yellow River The East Sea the
Himalayas the Pacific Ocean
B.
用于由普通名词构成的国名
:
The
People's Republic of China the United States
C.
用于机关
,
团体
,
朝代
,
时代
,
报刊杂志等名词前
:
the United Nations the State Council
the Tang dynasty the People's Daily
the
Summer Palace the Peace Hotel the British Museum
⑥
用于表示方位的名词前
.
如
:the east the southwest the
middle the Far East on the left
⑦
用于乐器名词前
< br>,
但汉语拼音的乐器前不用冠词
.
如
:play the piano play the
violin play erhu
⑧
用于复数的姓氏前
,
表示
两夫妇
或
全家
在此情况下
,
这类名词作复数对待
.
如
:When we got there, the
Lius were waiting for us.
The Smiths
watch TV every day.
⑨
用于某些形容词或过去分词前
,
表示一类人或事物<
/p>
.
如
:the poor the
rich the living the young
the wounded
the oppressed the beautiful
⑩
用在形容词的最高级前或序数词前
.
如
:Shanghai is the biggest
city in china.
After the game, the
first thing they wanted to do was to take a hot
bath.
四、零冠词用法
①
表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前
,
不用冠词
.
Now people are living a happy life.
Trees are planted everywhere.
②
不含普通名词的专有名词
,
表示泛指的物质名词和抽象名词前
,
不用冠词
. We
are studying
English. He is leaving for America this year.
It is pleasant to walk in soft snow.
Love is always stronger than hatred.
③
名词前有指示代词
,
物主代词
,
不定代词或名词
所有格修饰
,
不用冠词
. I
like this
picture better. Is that your
book
Take their chairs away! I do not
have any money on me.
As time went on,
Einstein's theory proved to be correct.
④
季节
,<
/p>
月份
,
星期等名词前
,
一般不用冠词
.
She
likes spring while I like summer. We have no
classes on Saturday.
The Long March
started in October 1934.
⑤
<
/p>
表示只有一人担任的职务
,
头衔的名词前
,
不用冠词
.
We have elected him our monitor.
⑥
三餐饭的名词前
< br>,
一般不用冠词
.
When
do you have lunch After supper we usually take a
walk.
⑦
节假日等名词前
,
不用冠词
.
Children all wear their best clothes on
National Day.
People give gifts to each
other on Christmas Day.
注意
:<
/p>
在
eve
后有
o
f
短语则要加定冠词
:
on the
eve of National Day on the eve of New Year's Day
⑧
球类和棋类运动的名词前
,
不用冠词
.
play basketball play chess
⑨
作表语用表示程度的形容词最高级
前
,
不用冠词
.
第
2/3
页
Your help was most timely.
This method is most effective.
注意
:
如果有比较范围
,
形容词
最高级前必须加定冠词
:
Of all methods,
this is the most effective.
⑩
在某些固定词组里
,
名词前不用冠词
.
on
foot by train/ boat / plane… in fact as a matter
of fact
in class in church
in danger in hospital in town
in bed at
home at school at daybreak at sunrise
at dusk at sunset at night at noon go
to school
go to class go to bed from
morning till night from victory to victory from
door to door
五、注意事项
①
当
man
作人类讲时
,
用零冠词
. Man will conquer nature.
②
某些抽象名词具体化时是可数名词
,
其前可加
se, fire,
joy, He is a
success as a teacher. Long
Jing is a famous tea in China.
③
a
用于姓氏前表示某个
只知道名字而不不熟悉的人
.
A Mr Liu
is waiting to see you outside.
④
在某些句型中可加
a
It is a
pity that you have missed the chance.
It is a shame / a pleasure / a honour
for sb. to do sth.
⑤
word
作消息讲时
,
用零冠词
. Word came that he would go abroad.
冠词强化训练
(
) 1.______recent report
stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the
U.S .would be higher
than the number of
English speaker by_____ year 2090.
A.
A, the
B. A, /
C. The ,/
D.
The, a
(
) you
go by ______train ,you can have quite a
comfortable
journey ,but
make sure you
get _____fast one.
A. /, /
B./, a
C. the, a
D./,/
(
) 3. It is
often said that ____teachers have _______very easy
life.
A /,/
B.
/,a
C. the,/
D. the, a
(
)
4.I
can
’
t
remember
when
exactly
the
Robinsons
left
_____city
,I
only
remember
it
was
______ Monday.
。
A.
the , the
B. a ,the C. a, a D. the, a
(
)
you grow up in ______large family ,you
are more likely to develop _____ability
to
get on well with ______others .
A. /,an the B. a, the ,/ C. the ,an
,the D. a, the ,the
(
) ,Taylor has
___8-year-old daughter who has _____gift for
painting
–
she
has won
two national prizes.
A.
a,
a
B. an ,the
C. an ,a
D. th
(
) dinner he gave Mr. Richardson
________ride to ________Capital Airport.
A .the, a
B. a
the C. /, a
D. /, the
(
) May
5,2005,at ___World Table Tennis Championship ,Kong
Ling hui and WangHao
won
the gold medal in men
’
s with
____score of 4:1.
A. a ,a
B. / the C. a ,/
D. the ,a
(
)9.I knew
______John Lennon ,but not ____famous
one.
A. /,a
B. a ,the C. /,the
D. the, a
(
)
book
tells
____life
story
of
John
Smith
,who
left
_______school
and
worked
for
a
newspaper at the age of 16.
A. the, the B.
a , the
C. the./ D. a,/
(
)
you come here for your holiday next time,
don
’
t go to _____hotel I
can find you
______bed in my flat.
A.
the ,a
B. the,/
C. a ,the D. a,/