冠词的用法总结

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2021年02月06日 17:25
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冠词的用法总结



一、不定冠词(


a/an


)的用法:



a


用在辅音音素开头的单词前,


an


用于元音音素开头的单词前。



1




表示数 量“一”的意思,与


one


相近,但不如


one


语气强。译成汉语是必有“一”




Rome was not built in a day.


She got a one-way ticket at last.


2




表示一 类人或事物之一,译成汉语是常有“一”




Mr Zhang is an expert on DNA.


The novel is written by a boy.


3




用来概 括整体,表示一类人或事物,译成汉语时一般不带“一”


,与


a ny


接近。



A rose is the symbol of love.


A dolphin is friendly to man.


4




用在表示时间或度量衡单位的名词前,相当于


per, every, each




An apple a day keeps the doctor away.


Please take the medicine three times a day.


5



用在


of


之后,表属性,意思是“同样,一样”

< p>
,相当于


the same




Birds of a feather flock together.


物以类聚



The people and the army are of a family.


军民一家



6




用在序 数词前,淡化“第几


……


.



的含义,强调在原来已有的基础上,表示“又,再”


< br>“


a/an+


序数词”近似于


a nther


的用法。



We tried a second time.


After a while, a third taxi came.


7




不定冠词的特殊用法:



A




物质名 词或抽象名词前一般不加冠词,但若表示一个,一份,一种,一阵等含义时,


可用不定冠 词。



What a heavy rain it is.


B




用于专 有名词前,表示“某一”


,相当于


a certain




I remembered she came on a Sunday in September.


A Mr Tyson is asking to see you.


C




用于人 名、地名、产品名、机构名词等之前,表示“一个”




Li Hua is a Lei Feng in our class.


After twenty years, I see a new Beijing.


D




Sun, moon, earth, sky



world


等独一无二的名词前要加


the,


但它们前面如果有修饰语时


可以用


a/an.


A full moon hangs outside of the window.


E




季节、月份、星期几、三餐等名词前一般不用冠词,但前面有修饰语时可以用


a/an




用于形容词最高级前,使 最高级表示“很


……


,


非常

< p>
……


.



,


而不是“最


……


.





Last year we had a warm winter.


It was really a wonderful supper.


F




不定冠词除上述用法之外,还出现在某些固定的短语或句式中,这就要求平时要多观

< br>察,多积累。



a few



几个



















a type of



一类











as a matter of fact


事实上






at a high speed



高速的









on a diet



在节食







once upon a time



从前



in a low/loud voice



/


高声地





have a good time


玩得愉快




have a try


试一试




定冠词的用法:



1.



特指某人或某物,尤其是上文已 提到的和谈话双方都知道的人或物。



Shut the door, will you?



关上门好吗?



I bought a tie yesterday. The tie is made of silk.


2.



表类别



The dog is truthful to man.


Who invented the telephone?


3.



用在世界上独一无二的事物前,如


sun, moon, earth, sky, universe, world, atmosphere


等。



White clouds are floating in the sky.


The sun gives us all we need to live.


4.



用在表示方位和时间的名词前



From/in/to the east/south






in the morning/afternoon/evening




in the middle/centre


in/at the beginning/end




on/to the right/left




in the daytime


5.



用在形容词和副词最高级以及序数词前



The earliest coins in the world were used in China.



Which is the second longest river in the world?(


两者中比较时,可以用


the +


比较级


)


6.



用在某些形容词和过去分词之前表示一类人



The poor



穷人







the rich




有钱人








the sick



病人




the wounded


伤员



7.



在姓氏的复数形式前表示一家人或夫妻俩



The zhangs are having supper now.


8.



在乐器前常用


the



Play the violin



be interested in the piano


对钢琴感兴趣






play Erhu (


汉语拼音前不用


the)


9.



用于逢十的数词的复数前表年代



In the 1970s











in one



s nineties



10.




用于表示具体计量的结构


by the


……



意思是“按


……


计算,以


……


计算”< /p>



Eggs are sold by the dozen here.


They sell cloth by the metre.


他们卖布论米。



11.



用在


only, last time, same



very


前,特指某一名词。



That was the last time I saw her.


You



ve made the same mistake.


12.



用于“


hit/catch sb in/on/by the +


身体某部位”表示打在


/


抓住某人身 体的某部位



A stone hit Tom on the nose/back/head.















in the face/arm/leg/eye.


13


.用在某 些专有名词前:用于江、河、湖、海、山脉、群岛之前;



用于含有普通名词构


成的专有名词



the Atlantic Ocean



大西洋







the Yellow River



黄河






the English Channel


英吉利海峡



the West Lake







西湖








the Tang Dynasty



唐朝



the People



s Republic of China


中国人民共和国



13.



用在某些短语中







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