初中英语：冠词讲解 初中英语
鱼虫怎么养-
冠
词
一、
冠词的分类：
不定冠词：
a
和
an
定冠词：
the
二、
冠词的用法：
冠词的泛指和特指用法：
泛指是指首次提到的，不限定的人或事物。
< br>特指是指在上文提到的人或事物，或是指被限定性修饰语在其后加以限定意义
的人
或事物；也可以是指说话者和听话者双方心目中所默认的特指的人或事物。冠词
的泛指和
特指的用法可归纳如下：
泛指单一，每一，任一事物
a(an)
可
指类别
单
数
词
上文提到过的事物
数
名
要
特
被限定性修饰语所限定的事物
一
定
the
指
说话双方所默认的事物
用冠词
世上独一无二的事物
指类别
上文提到的事物
the
特指
被限定性修饰语所限定的事物
复数可数
说话双方所默认的事物
名词、不
泛指的一些事物
可数名词
零冠词
指类别
三、
不定冠词的用法：
（
1
）
不定冠词
a
和
an
的用法区别：
a
用在单词发辅
音开首的单词前，
an
用在
单词发元音
开首的单词前。如：
a book, a desk, a
pen, a doctor, a house
an
enemy, an accident, an animal, an egg
但注意：
an hour, a useful tool
（
2
）
不定冠词的用法：
1
．表示人、事和物中的某一类或某类中任何一个。
A horse is a useful tool.
A dog runs faster than a goat.
2
．泛指某人或某事物
An
old man is sitting on the chair.
3
．表示
one
或
every
，但概念上没有它们那样强烈。当表示
one
的意思时，
一般不用
< br>two, three
等相对比。如：
Every elephant has a long nose.
Take this medicine three times a day.
4
．用于某些固定词组中。
a few, a bit, a lot of, in a hurry, at
a time, all of a sudden, many a, a little, a
couple
of, as a matter of fact, in a
word, have a good time, do sb. a favor, pay a
visit to, in a way,
have a word with,
make a living, take a pride in, take a walk, a
great deal of, catch a cold,
5
．用在某些抽象名词前，表示“一种，一类，一场，一阵”等
She was caught in a heavy rain.
It was a wonderful tea.
That is a great
disappointment.
（
3
）
不定冠词的特殊用法：
1
．
与有或
没有形容词修饰的抽象名词前，表示具体一个“人或物”
。
He received a good education.
Thank you, Jim. You have
done a kindness.
Many
people
agreed
that
a
knowledge
of
English
is
a
must
in
international
trade today.
The meeting held yesterday
was a success.
To advise
him is a waste of time.
2
．
偶尔与
专有名词连用，表示某种特定意思。表示类似的一个或某一个（
a
certain
）
a Mr Black
a living Lei
Feng
A Mr. Smith wants to
see you.
3
．
与形容词最高级连用，表示强调，不表最高级。
The Huanghe River is a
longest river in China.
The
story is a most interesting one.
4
．
用在有形容词修饰的一日三餐、季节和日期前。
Before I go to work every morning,
I’
ve a light breakfast.
The traffic accident
happened on a Sunday to the end of the July.
5
．
用于序数词前，表示“再一，又一”而不表顺序。
How important it is to learn a second
language.
The fisherman
cast a third net.
6
．
表示类别，有
any, per
之意，
a(n)
不必译成汉语，此时
a(n)
可改为
the
或不
用冠词（但必须用名词复数形式）
。
His income is one thousand yuan a
month.
A camel is a useful
animal. = Camels are useful animals.
7
．
不定冠词用于一些原来是动词的名词前。
Let
’
s
have a look around the playground after supper.
have a rest / walk / swim /
talk
…
(have = take)
give a shout / whistle /
loud laugh
…
make a drive / move
…
8
．
用在同源宾语中。
Now we
are living a happy life.
Last night I dream a terrible dream.
四、
冠词
the
的用法：
1.
用于特指（基本用法）
。表示某一或某些特定的人或事物。
She
stayed at home and cleaned the house.
He saw a book on the table in his room.
The boys in this school
wear blue shirts.
2.
用于双方都知道的名词前。
What
do you think of the film?
Close the door, please.
Let’s go and give it to the policeman.
3.
用于世界上独一无二的事物名词前。
Which is farther from the earth, the
sun or the moon?
4.
用于第二次提到的事物前。
Mr Wang has a son and the son is a
driver.
There is a book on
the desk. The book is
John
’
s.
5.
与单数名词连用，表示一类（同
a
或
an
）<
/p>
The
panda
is
very
lovely.
=
A
panda
is
very
lovely.
=
Pandas
are
very
lovely.
6.
用于最高级前
（与不定冠词不同
= very
）
，
以及对两人或事物进行比较
时起特定作用的比较级前。
the first / second, the tallest, the
most important,
the taller
of the two boys,
the more
interesting of the two books
7.
用于序数词前。
the first boy
the third student
区别
a third student
8.
用于有定语修饰的名词前。
the writing desk
the man standing there
9.
用于乐器名词前。
Do you like playing the violin?
10.
用
于普通名词构成的专有名词之前，表示国家、当派、团体、组织机
构、单位、报刊、条约
、朝代、江河湖泊海洋、山川、群岛等。
the
United States,
the People’s Republic of
China
, the Youth
League, the
Yellow River, the
People’
s Daily, the Tang
Dynasty, the Philippines, the
History
Museum, the Children
’
s
Palace, the Taiwan Straits
11.
与某些形容词、分词连用表示某一类人。
the rich, the poor, the
sick, the wounded
12.
用于姓氏复数之前，表示全家或夫妇二人。
the Turners
the
Wangs
the Browns
13.
用于世纪的某年代。
in the
1980s (in the 1980’s)
14.
用于方位名词前。
Shanghai
is in the east of China.
Japan lies to the east of China.
15.
用于发明物的单数名词前。
Who
invented the telephone?
16.
用于某些表示国家和民族的形
容词前，
泛指全体。
这些词通常以
-s
h, -ch,
-ese
结尾。
the English, the French, the Chinese
17.
用于表示数量的名词前。
They
sold eggs by the dozen.
They were paid by the hour.
18.
用于某些词组和习语中。
in
the morning
in the end
at the age of
on the other hand,
in the daytime
19.
用于句型：主语
+ pat
(strike/hit/catch/touch) +sb+
介词
< br>+the+
接触部位
He
hit Tom in the face.
The
teacher patted the boy on the head.
口诀一：
沙漠河流与群山，岛屿海峡与海湾；