数词的用法
脸上痣相图-
数词的用法以及练习
数词
数词分基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目,序数词表示顺序。
一、基数词的构成
2
.
13
—
< br>19
的基数词以
-teen
结尾
。如:但
13
,
15
< br>,
18
较特殊,
13
—
15
—
18
—
。
3
p>
.
20
—
90
p>
的整十位均以
-ty
结尾。
如:
sixty
,
seventy
,
但
2
0
,
30
,
4
0
,
50
,
8
0
,
90
较特殊,
20
—
30
—
40
—
50
—
80
—
90
—
。
4
p>
.
十
位
数
与
个
位
数
之
间
要
加
< br>连
字
符
号
“
-
”
,
如
:
28
—
tw
enty-eight
,
96
—
ninety-six
。
5
.百位和十位(若无十位则和个位
)之间加
and
,如:
148
—
one hundred and forty-eight
406
—
four hundred and
six
。
6
.
hundred
(百)
,
(千)
,
(百万)
,
(十亿)
等前面即使有具体的数词,
也不能在它们的后面加
s
。
如:
600
—
six h
undred
,
8
百万—
-
7
.
2
,
510
=
two
thousand
five
hundred
and
ten
;
84
,
296
=
eight-four
thousand two hundred and ninety-
six
;
8
p>
.
hundred
,
thousand
,
million
用复数形式修饰名词时要用
“
of
+复
数名词”
,如:数以百计的年轻人
hundreds
of
young
people
p>
;
数以千计的书
thousands of
books
。
注意:
hundreds
of
/
thousands
of
/
millions
of
+复数名词,其前面不能加具体
的数词,但可加
several
或
many
。遵循两无原则
9
.基数词+单数名词+形容词构成
合成形容词。如:一个五
2
1
p>
.
1
—
12
的基数词是独立的单词,即:
岁
的
p>
男
孩
a
five-year-old
boy
;
一
座
800
米
长
的
桥
;
10
.
句型
:
主语+
is
+
about
(大约)
/
over
=
more than
p>
(超
过)
/
nea
rly
(接近)
+具体数词+
mete
r
(
s
)
/<
/p>
kilometer
(
s
)
/
kilo
(
s
)
long
/
high
/
tall
/
deep
/
away
等。如:长江
长
6300<
/p>
公里。
The Changjiang
River is 6
,
300 kilometres
long
.
二、序数词
1
.基数词变序数词可利用口诀巧记:
“一、二、三,特殊记
,
八去“
t
”
,九去“
e
”
,
“
ve
”要用“
f
< br>”替,见“
y
”变成“
i
”和
“
e
”
,词尾加上“
th
”
,
若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。
”
第一、
< br>第二、
第三分别:
,
,
p>
,
eight
—
e
ighth
nine
—
,
five
—
,
twe
lve
—
p>
,
twenty
—
,
for
ty
—
fortieth
,
twenty-five
—
。
2
p>
.其余情况均在基数词后加
th
。如:
p>
six
—
sixth,
nineteen
—
nineteenth
,
hundred
—
hundredth,
thousand
—
thousandth
等。
3
、
(
p>
3
)序数词的缩写形式为:阿拉伯数字加上这个词的末尾
两个字母。
1st
2nd
,
3rd
,
4th
,
20th
,
21st
,
22nd
,
23rd
三、数词的用法
1.
基数词的用法
(1)
基数词在句中主要用作主语、
宾语、
定语、
表语、
同位语,
例如:
(2)
表示一个具体数字时,
hundred, thousand,
million
一律不
3
用复数;在表示一个不确定数字时则用复数。例如:
Our
country
has
a
population
of
1,300
million
people.
There are three thousand students in
our school.
After the war, thousands of
people became homeless.
(3)
表示
“……
十
”
的数词的复数形式可用来表示人的岁数或年
代,例如:
He
is
in
his
early
thirties
.
He
died
still
in
his
forties
.
This took
place in 1930s
.
(4)
表示时刻用基数词。例如:
We get up at six.
表示
“
几点过几分
”
,
用介词
past,
但须在半
小时以内。
例
如:
ten
past
ten,
a
quarter
past
nine,
half
past
twelve
表示
“
几点差几分
”
用介词
to,
但分数须在半小时以上。
例如:
twenty to nine,
five to eight,
a quarter to ten
表示
“
几点
几分
”
还可直接用基数词。例如:
seven fifteen,
eleven thirty,
nine twenty
2.
序数词的用法
(
1
)
(
< br>1
)序数词作定语时,一般要与定冠词或物主代词连用。
eg.
Tom
is
their
second
son.
He
is
the
first
one
to
come
here.
John lives on the
fifteenth floor
.
4
(
2<
/p>
)序数词有时前面可加不定冠词来表示
“
再一
”
,
“
又
一
”
这
样的意思,例如:
We'll have to do it a second
time
.
Shall I ask him
a
third time
?
(
3
)表示
日期。
①年份,每两位数读一个词。②先月后日,日子要读成
序
数词。③先日后月,加
OF
。年,月
。日的话年放最后,用逗
号隔开。
(
4
)表示分数时,分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示。
p>
分子大于
1
时,分母加
-s
。例如:
three
fourths,
one second,
two fifths
(四、数词在生活中的应用
1
.钟点的表示:小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词。
2
.编号的表示:
①
L
esson
One
=
the
first
lesson
第一课;
Bus
No
.
3
=
the
No
.
3bus
3
路公共汽车;
②
表
示住所
时不用“
No
.
”如:
302
房间—
Room
302
(读作:
room three o
two
)
;
③
如
果编号
的数词比较长,一般用基数词。如:
Page
457
第
457
页;
⑤
电
话
号
码,
用
基
数
词,
可
单
个
读,
重
复
的
< br>数字
也
可
读
“
double
”
,
如:
3855633
—
th
ree eight five five
(
double
five
)
six
three
three
(
double
three
)
。
3
.年月日的表示:
。
4
.分数的表达:
5
.倍数的表达:一倍用
once
,两倍用
,两倍以上用基
5
数词+
。如:
5
倍
。
6
、小数的小数点读作
point
,零读作
o
[<
/p>
点后面的数字按个位基数词依次读出。
数形式不能加
s
。
< br>u]或
zero,
小数
7
、
百分数
(%)
,<
/p>
读作
per cent (percent),
< br>但不论是多少均用作单
8
、
表示
日期有两种说法和四种写法,
如:
2
月
1
号英语表达法
为:
< br>the first of February
而美语为
February (the) f
irst,
但其书
写上可有四种写法①
February
1
②
February
1st
④
1/2
。
五、特殊用法
1
.数词作主语,谓语动词用单数。如:
Two months is quite a
long
time
.
Four and two is
six
.
What's two and
three
?
2
.一个半小时(一年半,一个半月可类推)
one
/
an hour and
a half
=
。
3
p>
.不定冠词用在序数词前表又一、再一。如:
I've tried
three
times
,
let
me try a fourth time
.意为:我已经试过三次,让我
再试一次吧。
4
p>
、基数词一般是单数形式,但下列情况,常用复数:
a.
与
of
短语连用,表示概数,不能与具体数目连
用,
如
scores of
people
指许多人;
b.
<
/p>
在一些表示
一排
或
一组
的词组里;
如:
They arrived in twos and
threes.
他们三三两两的到达
了。
c.
表示
几十岁
<
/p>
;
d.
表示
年代
,用
in +the +
数词复数;
6
e.
在乘法运算的一种表示法里,
如:
3
x 5 = 15 Three fives
is (are) fifteen.
5
、
半小时为
half
an
hour,
半天为
half
a
day,
半镑为
half
a
pound,
尽量避免用
half
a year, half a month,
要用
six
months,
two
weeks
或
fifteen
days
要注意的是
Half
of
the
work
is
done
Half of
the books are sold.
当
Half
p>
作名词时,其谓语
动词要看
of
后面的名词而定。如名词是不可数名词则用单数
谓语动词,如是复数名词时
,则要用复数谓语动词。要注意的
是一个半的表达法,如:
On
e
and
a
half
apples
is
left
on
the
table.
其名词要用复数,但谓语动词则要用单数。
6
、
在句首
的数字要用文字而不要用阿拉伯数字,如数字过大
则应放于句中,用阿拉伯数字。如:<
/p>
There are 166
students playing on the ground.
[误]
60 students
are playing on the ground.
[正]
Sixty
students are playing on the ground.
案]
A.
加
and
/
plus
减
minus
乘
times
除
divide
by
初中英语数词练习(二)
7
[答
(
) 1. Lincoln was born
on ________.
A.
February
12,
1809
B.
1809,
February
12
C.
1809,
12
February
D.
February 1809,12
(
) 2.
A _______ boy can sing the English song very well.
A.
ten-year-old
B.
ten
years
old
C.
ten-
year-old
D.
fifth years
old
(
) 3. An hour
later, _____ minister was
sent(
被发送
) to see
the
“
magic
cloth
”
woven by
those two men.
A. two
B. the second
C. the two
D. second
(
) 4. Abraham Lincoln was _______
President
(总统)
of
the United States.
A. 16
B. the 16
C. 16th
D. the 16th
(
) 5. Do you think
there is any room for us ________ ?
A. two
B. the two
C. second
D. the second
(
)
6.
How
many
students
are
there
in
your
class?
________.
A.
Twenty
nine
B.
Thirty
and
two
C.
Forty-five
D.
fifties
(
) 7. Which number is wrong? _______.
A. Ninety
B. Ninteen
C. Ninth
D. Nineteenth
(
) 8. The People's Liberation Army was
founded _______.
A. on
August 1, 1927
B.
in 1927,
1 August
C. on August
1st,
1927
D. in August 1, 1927
(
) 9. The number 4,123
is read _______.
A.
four thousand one hundred and twenty-
three
B. four
8
thousand and one hundred
twenty-three
C.
four
thousand
and
a
hundred
and
twenty-three
D.
four thousands a hundred and twenty-
three
(
)
10.
The
old
professor
still
works
hard
though
he
is
_________.
A.
in
his
sixty
B.
in
his
sixties
C.
in
sixties
D.
in
the
sixty
(
)
11. This classroom is ________ ours.
A. three times big as
B. as
three times big as
C. three times
as big as
D. as big three
times as
(
) 12. The
basketball team of our school ranks ________ in
the match.
A.
three
B. third
C.
the three
D. the third
(
) 13. Which is the
car that he drives? It's ________.
A.
fifty
two
B.
the
fifty-two
cars
C.
the
car
fifty
four
D. the fifty-fourth car
(
) 14. Which of the following is wrong?
________.
A.
He
is
a
fifteen-
year-old
boy.
B.
He
is
at
the
age
of
15.
C. He is a boy of 15.
D. He is fifteen year old.
(
)
15.
Our
school
is
not
very
big.
There
are
only
________
students.
A.
nine
hundreds
of
B.
nine
hundred
C.
nine
hundreds
D. nine hundred of
(
)
16.
How
many
new
words
are
there
in
________
lesson?
There are only _________.
9