数词的用法

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2021年02月07日 02:14
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2021年2月7日发(作者:任雨萌)



数词的用法以及练习




数词



数词分基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目,序数词表示顺序。



一、基数词的构成




2



13


< br>19


的基数词以


-teen


结尾 。如:但


13



15

< br>,


18


较特殊,



13












15











18















3



20



90


的整十位均以


-ty


结尾。


如:



sixty



seventy




2 0



30



4 0



50



8 0



90


较特殊,



20










30












40











50











80






90














4













< br>连






-






28



tw enty-eight



96



ninety-six





5


.百位和十位(若无十位则和个位 )之间加


and


,如:


148



one hundred and forty-eight 406



four hundred and six





6



hundred


(百)

< p>










(千)














(百万)






(十亿)


等前面即使有具体的数词,


也不能在它们的后面加


s


< p>
如:


600



six h undred



8


百万—


-




7



2



510



two


thousand


five


hundred


and


ten



84



296



eight-four thousand two hundred and ninety- six

















8



hundred



thousand



million


用复数形式修饰名词时要用



of


+复 数名词”


,如:数以百计的年轻人


hundreds


of


young


people



数以千计的书


thousands of books



注意:


hundreds of



thousands


of



millions


of


+复数名词,其前面不能加具体


的数词,但可加


several




many


。遵循两无原则




9


.基数词+单数名词+形容词构成 合成形容词。如:一个五



2


1



1



12


的基数词是独立的单词,即:






























a


five-year-old


boy





800




























10



句型 :


主语+


is


about


(大约)




over



more than


(超


过)



nea rly


(接近)


+具体数词+


mete r



s



/< /p>


kilometer



s




kilo



s



long




high



tall



deep



away


等。如:长江



6300< /p>


公里。



The Changjiang River is 6



300 kilometres long





二、序数词




1


.基数词变序数词可利用口诀巧记:


“一、二、三,特殊记 ,


八去“


t



,九去“


e





ve


”要用“


f

< br>”替,见“


y


”变成“


i


”和



e



,词尾加上“


th



, 若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。



第一、

< br>第二、


第三分别:





























eight



e ighth


nine










five











twe lve











twenty











for ty



fortieth


< p>
twenty-five















2


.其余情况均在基数词后加


th


。如:



six



sixth,



nineteen



nineteenth


,



hundred




hundredth,


thousand


thousandth


等。




3




3


)序数词的缩写形式为:阿拉伯数字加上这个词的末尾

< p>
两个字母。




1st





2nd



3rd



4th



20th



21st



22nd



23rd



三、数词的用法



1.


基数词的用法



(1)


基数词在句中主要用作主语、


宾语、


定语、


表语、


同位语,


例如:




(2)


表示一个具体数字时,


hundred, thousand, million


一律不



3



用复数;在表示一个不确定数字时则用复数。例如:



Our


country


has


a


population


of


1,300


million


people.




There are three thousand students in our school.


After the war, thousands of people became homeless.


(3)


表示


“……




的数词的复数形式可用来表示人的岁数或年


代,例如:






He


is


in


his


early


thirties






He


died


still


in


his


forties






This took place in 1930s




(4)


表示时刻用基数词。例如:



We get up at six.






表示



几点过几分




用介词


past,


但须在半 小时以内。



如:



ten


past


ten,








a


quarter


past


nine,









half


past


twelve






表示



几点差几分



用介词


to,


但分数须在半小时以上。


例如:



twenty to nine,






five to eight,







a quarter to ten






表示



几点 几分



还可直接用基数词。例如:



seven fifteen,





eleven thirty,







nine twenty




2.


序数词的用法




1



< br>1


)序数词作定语时,一般要与定冠词或物主代词连用。




eg.



Tom


is


their


second


son.






He


is


the


first


one


to


come here.






John lives on the fifteenth floor





4




2< /p>


)序数词有时前面可加不定冠词来表示



再一





又 一




样的意思,例如:






We'll have to do it a second time







Shall I ask him a


third time






3


)表示 日期。



①年份,每两位数读一个词。②先月后日,日子要读成 序


数词。③先日后月,加


OF


。年,月 。日的话年放最后,用逗


号隔开。




4


)表示分数时,分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示。


分子大于


1


时,分母加

-s


。例如:



three fourths,





one second,














two fifths


(四、数词在生活中的应用




1


.钟点的表示:小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词。




2


.编号的表示:





L


esson


One



the


first


lesson


第一课;



Bus


No



3



the


No



3bus 3


路公共汽车;






示住所 时不用“


No



”如:


302


房间—


Room 302


(读作:


room three o two








果编号 的数词比较长,一般用基数词。如:


Page


457



457


页;






< p>
码,





词,





读,




< br>数字





double




如:


3855633



th ree eight five five



double five




six


three three



double three






3


.年月日的表示:




4


.分数的表达:




5


.倍数的表达:一倍用

< p>
once


,两倍用









,两倍以上用基



5



数词+









。如:


5













6


、小数的小数点读作


point


,零读作


o


[< /p>


点后面的数字按个位基数词依次读出。


数形式不能加


s




< br>u]或


zero,


小数


7



百分数


(%)


,< /p>


读作


per cent (percent),

< br>但不论是多少均用作单


8



表示 日期有两种说法和四种写法,


如:


2



1


号英语表达法


为:

< br>the first of February


而美语为


February (the) f irst,


但其书


写上可有四种写法①



February


1




February


1st




1/2




五、特殊用法



1


.数词作主语,谓语动词用单数。如:



Two months is quite a


long time



Four and two is six



What's two and three




2


.一个半小时(一年半,一个半月可类推)


one



an hour and


a half





















3


.不定冠词用在序数词前表又一、再一。如:


I've tried three


times



let me try a fourth time


.意为:我已经试过三次,让我

< p>
再试一次吧。




4


、基数词一般是单数形式,但下列情况,常用复数:






a.



of


短语连用,表示概数,不能与具体数目连



用,



scores of people


指许多人;






b.


< /p>


在一些表示



一排





一组



的词组里;





如:


They arrived in twos and threes.



他们三三两两的到达


了。






c.


表示



几十岁


< /p>







d.


表示



年代



,用



in +the +


数词复数;




6






e.


在乘法运算的一种表示法里,


如:


3 x 5 = 15 Three fives


is (are) fifteen.


5




半小时为


half


an


hour,


半天为


half


a


day,


半镑为


half


a


pound,


尽量避免用


half a year, half a month,


要用


six months,


two


weeks




fifteen


days


要注意的是


Half


of


the


work


is


done


Half of the books are sold.



Half


作名词时,其谓语


动词要看


of

< p>
后面的名词而定。如名词是不可数名词则用单数


谓语动词,如是复数名词时 ,则要用复数谓语动词。要注意的


是一个半的表达法,如:


On e


and


a


half


apples


is


left


on


the


table.


其名词要用复数,但谓语动词则要用单数。



6




在句首 的数字要用文字而不要用阿拉伯数字,如数字过大


则应放于句中,用阿拉伯数字。如:< /p>




There are 166 students playing on the ground.


[误]



60 students are playing on the ground.


[正]



Sixty students are playing on the ground.




案]



A.







and


/


plus










minus










times








divide



by






初中英语数词练习(二)




7



[答



(


) 1. Lincoln was born on ________.



A.


February


12,


1809


B.


1809,


February


12


C.


1809,


12


February


D. February 1809,12


(


) 2. A _______ boy can sing the English song very well.



A.


ten-year-old


B.


ten


years


old


C.


ten- year-old


D.


fifth years old


(


) 3. An hour later, _____ minister was sent(


被发送


) to see


the



magic cloth




woven by those two men.



A. two


B. the second


C. the two


D. second


(


) 4. Abraham Lincoln was _______ President


(总统)


of


the United States.



A. 16


B. the 16


C. 16th


D. the 16th


(


) 5. Do you think there is any room for us ________ ?



A. two


B. the two


C. second


D. the second


(


)


6.


How


many


students


are


there


in


your


class?




________.



A.


Twenty


nine


B.


Thirty


and


two


C.


Forty-five


D.


fifties


(


) 7. Which number is wrong? _______.



A. Ninety


B. Ninteen


C. Ninth


D. Nineteenth


(


) 8. The People's Liberation Army was founded _______.



A. on August 1, 1927


B.


in 1927, 1 August


C. on August


1st, 1927


D. in August 1, 1927


(


) 9. The number 4,123 is read _______.



A.


four thousand one hundred and twenty- three


B. four



8



thousand and one hundred twenty-three



C.


four


thousand


and


a


hundred


and


twenty-three


D.


four thousands a hundred and twenty- three


(


)


10.


The


old


professor


still


works


hard


though


he


is


_________.



A.


in


his


sixty


B.


in


his


sixties


C.


in


sixties


D.


in


the


sixty


(


) 11. This classroom is ________ ours.



A. three times big as


B. as three times big as


C. three times


as big as


D. as big three times as


(


) 12. The basketball team of our school ranks ________ in


the match.



A. three


B. third


C. the three


D. the third


(


) 13. Which is the car that he drives? It's ________.



A.


fifty


two


B.


the


fifty-two


cars


C.


the


car


fifty


four


D. the fifty-fourth car


(


) 14. Which of the following is wrong? ________.



A.


He


is


a


fifteen- year-old


boy.


B.


He


is


at


the


age


of


15.


C. He is a boy of 15.


D. He is fifteen year old.


(


)


15.


Our


school


is


not


very


big.


There


are


only


________


students.



A.


nine


hundreds


of


B.


nine


hundred


C.


nine


hundreds


D. nine hundred of


(


)


16.


How


many


new


words


are


there


in


________


lesson?






There are only _________.



9

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