(英语)英语阅读理解专项及解析

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2021年02月13日 20:34
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(英语)英语阅读理解专项及解析




一、高中英语阅读理解



1



阅读理解



This is my son Matthew's last night at home before college. I know that this is good news. I feel


proud that Matthew will go to a great school. I know that this is finest hour. But looking at the


suitcases on his bed sends me out of the room to a hidden corner where I can't stop crying.



Through the sorrow, I feel a rising embarrassment.


are parents sending their kids off to battle zones. How dare I feel so shocked and upset?



One of the great gifts of my life has been having my boys, Matthew and Johnowen. Through


them, I have explored the mysterious, complicated bond between fathers and sons. As my wife


and


I


raised


them,


I


have


discovered


the


love


and


loss


between


my


father


and


me.


After


my


parents' divorce



I spent weekends with my dad in Ohio. By the time Sunday came around, I was


unable to enjoy the day's activities because I was already afraid of the goodbye of the evening.




Now



standing


among


Matthew's


accumulation


of


possessions,


I


realize


it's


me


who


has


become a boy again. All my sadness and longing to hold on to things are back, sweeping over me


as they did when I was a child.



His bed is tidy and spare. It already has the feel of a guest bed. In my mind I replay wrapping


him in his favorite blanket. That was our nightly routine until one evening he said,


think I need a blanket tonight.


the bed and think of all the recent times I was annoyed at how late he was sleeping. I'll never


have to worry about that again, I realize.




For


his


part,


Matthew


has


been


a


rock. He


is


treating


his


leaving


as


just


another


day


at


the


office. And I'm glad. After all, someone's got to be strong. I'm proud that he is charging into the


first chapter of his adult life with such confidence.




1



What does the writer mean by



A. Get up.


B. Cheer up.


C. Pull up.


D. Wake up.




2



We can infer from the passage that___________.



A. the writer is accustomed to sleeping early


B. Matthew doesn't get on well with his father



C. Matthew


is


ready


for


his


new


life D. the


writer


wasn't


brave


enough


to


face


his


parents' divorce




3



How does the writer feel about his son's leaving for college?



A. Worried. B. Grateful. C. Relieved. D. Bittersweet.




4



Which of the following could be the best title of the text?



A. Unavoidable Goodbye B. Sweet Memories



C. Glorious Moment D. Unconditional Love



【答案】



1



B




2



C




3

< br>)


D




4



A



【解析】


【分析】本文是一篇记叙文 ,作者的儿子即将去上大学,作者很不放心,感觉自


己很孤独,同时又为自己的儿子感到 骄傲。作者明白这是儿子成长道路上的必经之路,也


是父子俩不可避免的分离。




1


)考查词义猜测 。根据第二段中的


“There


are


parents


sending


their


kids


off


to


battle


dare I feel so shocked and upset?”


有父母还把他们的孩子送去 战场,我怎么能如此


震惊和心烦呢?由此推断出作者是在安慰自己,高兴起来,故选


B





2


)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的


“I'm proud that he is charging into the first chapter of


his adult life with such confidence. ”


可知作者为自己儿子自信的开启成人生活的第一篇章,感


到自 豪,由此推断出


Matthew


对他的新生活做好了准备,故选


C





3


)考查推理判断。通过阅读文章可知,作者的儿子去上大学,作者 很不放心,感觉自己


很孤独,同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲,由此推知作者对于儿子上大 学,苦乐参半,故选


D



< p>


4


)考查主旨大意。这篇文章讲了作者的儿子即 将去上大学,作者很不放心,感觉自己很


孤独,同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲。作者明白 这是儿子成长道路上的必经之路,也是父


子俩不可避免的分离,故选

A




【点评】本题考点涉及推理 判断,词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅


读,要求考生根据上下文的 逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答


案。




2



阅读理解



Someone sent me an email urging me to acquire a lot more resources, suggesting could do so


much


more


good


if


I


had


an


8


or


9


figure


net


income


of


6


like


I've


been


doing


for


years.


He


claimed to have acquired a great deal of wealth himself and found it highly beneficial to fueling


his path with a heart.



As I consider his suggestion, I find myself not having much clarity(


清晰的思维


)as to what I'd do


with


I


million


or


10


million


more


money


flowing


through


my


life.


I


put


so


much


attention


on


creativity, fulfillment, exploration, relationships, etc. that I find it difficult to intelligently imagine


how more financial resources could provide extra fuel for that, except in small ways or in ways


that aren't particularly meaningful to me.



Lately I've been considering what it would be like to deliberately reduce my income for a while


and see if I could live on much less



just for the experience. What if I capped my net personal


income at $$10,000 per year, for instance? That isn't such a big deal to me, though, since I already


went through a period of low income like that during the 1990s, and I learned that I could still do


what I love regardless of income.



I've never worked in a business environment-the only job I've ever had was working for $$6


/hour


in a video game store while I was in college. So I've never seen how larger operations allocate


resources. That's probably why I haven't pushed myself to acquire more. As I mentioned in my


book.


Money


and


Your


Path


With


a


Heart



my


main


financial


goal


in


life


was


to


make


money


irrelevant in my life.



I'm not interested in building an empire. What interests me is exploring personal growth and


sharing what I learn along the way. In some ways I feel that acquiring and acquiring and allocating


more resources could become a big distraction. I'm already doing what I want to be doing, so why


rick


distracting


myself


to


acquire


more


resources,


especially


when


I


lack


the


idea


about


how


I


should


treat


such


resources?


I


like


having


freedom


and


flexibility



and


I


don't


really


see


how


more resources would meaningfully improve that.




1



Why did the man email the author?



A. To ask the author to fuel his path. B. To lend some money to the author.



C. To share his opinion about wealth. D. To urge the author to earn more money.




2



Whi ch of the following can describe the author's personality?



A. Optimistic and devoted.


B. Independent and cooperative.



C. Unfortunate but positive.


D. Wealthy but hardhearted.




3



Wha t does the underlined word



A. Limited


B. Spent


C. Increased


D. Distributed




4



The following are true EXCEPTA________.



A. the author might be a professional writer


B. the author is good at designing video games



C. the author is interested in exploring his personal growth


D. the author might be a person


who likes sharing his knowledge



【答案】



1



D




2



A




3


< br>A




4



B



【解析】


【分析】这是一篇议论文, 论述了若拥有百倍于现在的资源,你会如何提升个人


生活?


< /p>



1


)考查细节理解。答根据第一段中的


“Someone


sent


me


an


email


urging


me


to


acquire


a


lot more resources, suggesting could do so much more good if I had an 8 or 9 figure net income


of 6 like I've been doing for years.”


可知有人给我发了封邮件,力劝我获得 更多财富资源,故



D





2


)考查推理判断。第 三段谈到最近我一直在考虑,如果有意减少个人收入一段时间,会


是什么样子。我只想经 历这种体验。看自己能否在收入少的情况下好好生活。比如把个人


年收入减少到


1


万美元,自己将如何生活。不过这对我来说也不算什么问题。因为在上 世



90


年代,我有过一段这种低收入 生活时期,而且我已经学到,不管收入如何,仍旧可以


做自己喜爱的事情。由此可推断出 作者是一位乐观且专注的人,故选


A





3


)考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的


“That isn't such a big deal to me, thou


gh, since I already


went through a period of low income like that during the 1990s”


在上世纪


90


年 代,我有过一


段这种低收入生活时期,由此推断出


What if I capped my net personal income at $$10,000 per


year, for instance?


意思是把个人年收入 减少到


1


万美元。


“capped”< /p>


意思是限定,故选


A


< br>



4


)考查细节理解。根据倒 数第二段中的


“As I mentioned



in my book.”


可推知作者可能是一


名作家,故


A


选项正确;根据最后一段中的

< p>
“What


interests


me


is


exploring


personal


growth


and sharing what I learn along the way. ”


可知真正令作者感兴趣的是探索个人成长,并与人一


路分享自 己所学,由此可知


C



D


正确,故选


B




【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇生活类阅


读,要求考生准确掌握细节信息,同时根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选


出正确答案。




3



阅读理解





A


2018


report


found


that


food


waste


would


increase


by


a


third


to


2.


1billion


tons


by


2030.


Beyond the cost of the waste itself, thrown-away food generates a gas that contributes to climate


change.



Home delivery meal kits(



)can reduce food waste by more than two-thirds, but suppliers need


to switch to reusable packaging to make them environmentally friendly.




Tailor-made


meal


kits


cut


waste


by


providing


people


with


precise


amounts


of


fresh


ingredients(






)for


chosen


recipes,


meaning


leftovers


are


minimized.


But


while


the delivery services score well on reducing food waste, buying the same food ingredients from


the supermarket almost always saves energy overall simply because meal kits use so much single-


use


packaging.


The


good


news


is


that


if


people


have


meals


that


are


tailored


for


consumption,


they won't overbuy and have less food waste. They fine-tune the amount of food to what they


will actually eat.



Meal kits can reduce transport emissions(


排放


)if people go to the supermarket less frequently.


If people only go and buy such goods as soap and toilet paper, they may only have to visit once


every couple of months. A delivery truck can carry meals for a lot of people in the neighborhood.


So dozens of car trips might be replaced with one truck trip.



However, study found that even if delivery meal kits reduced food waste to zero, they would


still


use


up


more


energy


overall


than


buying


the


same


food


from


the


supermarket


unless


the


energy used for the meal kit packaging was cut by a fifth. The packaging is a killer if it's single-use


and thrown away, which can make all the environmental benefits lost. But if the packaging can be


reused, if it's glass bottles, like in the old days, we can get some benefits.




1



Wha t can we learn about home delivery meal kits?



can cut down on daily expenses.



will totally solve the problem of food waste.



can keep energy consumption to a minimum.



will benefit the environment with reusable packaging.




2



What does the underlined word



.



.



.



e.




3



The author suggests carrying meals with a delivery truck to__________.



transport emissions



more food



only in the supermarket



n car trip distances




4



What's the author's attitude to meal kits?



tive.



rable.



ive.



erent.



【答案】




1



D



(< /p>


2



B




3



A

< p>



4



C



【解析】


【分析】本文是一篇说明文 ,套餐可以减少食物浪费,但包装是个问题。家庭送


餐包可以减少超过三分之二的食物浪 费,但供应商需要改用可重复使用的包装,使其更加


环保。





1


)考查 细节理解。根据第二段中的


“Home delivery meal kits(



)can reduce food waste by


more


than


two- thirds




家庭送餐包可以减少 三分之二的食物浪费。可以得知可利用的包装


对环保有益。故选


D





(< /p>


2


)考查词义猜测。第三段主要讲述量身定制餐会降低浪费。根据


“They


fine-tune


the


amount of food to what they will actually eat. ”


人们可以根据将要吃多少来调整 食物数量。可


知选


B






3

)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段


“Meal


kits


can


reduce


transport


emissions(


排放


)if


people go to the supermarket less frequently. If people only go and buy such goods as soap and


toilet paper



they may only have to visit once every couple of months. A delivery truck can carry


meals for a lot of people in the neighborhood. So dozens of car trips might be replaced with one


truck


trip.”


可知餐盒可以减少对交通排放,运送卡车可以一次给小区很多人 送餐饭,减少交


通排放。故选


A






4


)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的


“However

< br>,


study


found


that


even


if


delivery


meal


kits


reduced


food waste


to zero



they


would


still


use up


more energy


overall


than


buying


the


same food from the supermarket unless the energy used for the meal kit packaging was cut by a


fifth.”


可知研究表明外卖饭盒比超市买食物会耗费更多的能源;以及


“But if the packaging can


be reused



if it's glass bottles



like in the old days



we can get some benefit s.”


但是如果这些


包装能够被再利用,对我们还是会有一些益 处的。作者对饭盒的使用是客观的态度。故选


C





【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推 理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇环保类阅


读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,同时根据上下 文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选


出正确答案。




4



阅读理解



Two young giant-panda twins born in the United States have returned home to China, but are


straggling to adapt to the language and food.



The 3-year-old sisters, Mei Lun and Mei Huan, wens the first surviving panda twins to be born


in the United States, and were returned to China from Zoo Atlanta on Nov. 5. But the pair still


understand English belter than Chinese, and prefer American biscuits to Chinese bread.



A zoo-keeper said that his main concern is that the pair are so addicted to American biscuits


that everything they eat



from bamboos to apples



has to be mixed with biscuits. They even


want to snack on (


零食


) biscuits when drinking water.



The zoo -keeper is trying to wean them off their biscuit habit, gradually replacing the American


food with Chinese bread. Mei Huan is adapting, but Mei Lun doesn't want to touch the unfamiliar


bread.



Mei Lun is the livelier of the two, often jumping onto the roof and hanging upside down from a


rail,


but


her


slightly


younger


sister


Mei


Huan


is


calmer,


preferring


to


sit


still,


observe


her


new


environment and occasionally snack on bamboo.




A


language


barrier


is


also


reported.


While


the


pair


respond


to


their


own


names,


and


understand some English phrases such as “come here,” they don't understand the Sichuan dialect


of Chinese.



The news caused some laughter on Chinese social media, with some users commenting that


the pandas would soon get used to Sichuan's famously spicy cuisine.


< p>


1



Based on the passage, which statement do you think is right?



A. The panda twins can fit in well in Sichuan.


B. The panda twins are only fond of Sichuan


food and dishes.



C. The panda twins have been used to the new environment very quickly.


D. It's hard for the


panda twins to get used to the new environment soon.




2


What does the underlined part “


wean them off


” in


the fourth paragraph mean?



A. help them get rid of. B. help them form.



C. help them strengthen.


D. help them keep.



3



From the passage we learn that of the two sisters .



A. Mei Huan mainly eats bamboo B. Mei Lun is living a more active life



C. Mei Huan is not smarter than Mei Lun D. Mei Lun is as quiet as her younger sister


< /p>


【答案】



1



D




2



A




3



B



【解析】


【分析】本文是一篇记叙文 ,讲述了在美国出生的两只双胞胎大熊猫回国了,但


是却不适应国内的饮食和语言,令饲 养员很担心。



(1)


考查推理判断。 根据第一段中的


“but


are


struggling


to


adapt


to


the


language


and


food ”



知,这对双胞胎熊猫回国后适应语言和食物都很费力、困难 ,尤其是后面的


2,3,4


段更细节


地 描述了适应这个新环境的困难。故选


D




(2)


考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的

“gradually replacing the American food with Chinese bread”


逐渐地用中国面包(馒头)代替美国食物,故前一句


“The zoo


-keeper is trying to wean them


off


their


biscuit


habit”


的意思 肯定是饲养员正试图让他们戒掉吃美国饼干的习惯,故此处的


wean them of f


就可以断定为



去除



的意思,选


A


< p>


(3)


考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的


“Mei Lun is the livelier of the two, often jumping onto


the roof and hanging upside down from a rail, but her slightly younger sister Mei Huan is calmer,


preferring to sit still”


可知,美轮更充满活力一点,喜欢上蹿下跳地玩耍,美奂则 更安静点,


喜欢静坐,故选


B




【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考 查,是一篇故事类阅


读,考生在捕捉细节信息同时,需根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行推理 ,归纳,选出正确答


案。





5



阅读理解



A car dealership in my hometown of Albuquerque was selling six to eight new cars a day. I was


also told that 72 percent of this dealership's first-time visitors returned for a second visit.



I was curious. How does a car dealership get 72 percent of its first-time visitors to return? And


how can they sell six to eight cars a day in a declining car market?



When I walked into Saturn of Albuquerque that Friday, the staff there didn't know me from


Adam; yet they shared with me their pricing policy, the profit margin on every model, and staff


income. They even opened their training manuals for my review and invited me back on Saturday


if I wanted more information.



On Sunday, the day after my second visit to the Saturn store, my wife, Jane, and I were walking


as we frequently do. On this particular June morning, Jane gently slipped her hand in mine and


said tenderly,



I don't know if you remember, but today's my fifth anniversary of being cancer-


free.



I was surprised, partially because I was embarrassed that I had forgotten


and, partially


because.... Well, I didn't know what to do with Jane's information.



The next day, Monday, Jane went off to work teaching school. Still not knowing what to do to


mark this special occasion, I did the most impetuous thing I've ever done in my life: I bought a


new Saturn. I didn't pick the color or the model, but I paid cash and told them I'd bring Jane in on


Wednesday at 4:30. I told them why I was buying the car.



On Tuesday, it dawned on me that Jane always wanted a white car. I called the sales consultant


at Saturn, and I asked him if he had anything white in the store. He said he had one left but he


couldn't guarantee it'd still be available on Wednesday at 4:30 because they were selling so fast. I


said I'd take my chances and asked him to put it in the showroom.




Wednesday


came.


Unexpectedly,


someone


in


our


family


was


admitted


to


the


hospital.


So,


it


wasn't until 9:30 Saturday morning when we finally made our way to the Saturn store. Jane had


never been in a Saturn store. When we went through the front door, the Lord took control of her


feet and her mouth. She saw that little white Saturn coupe all the way across the showroom floor.


She quickly passed a multi-colored sea of automobiles, sat in the little white Saturn and said,



Oh, what a pretty little car. Can I have a new car?



I said,



No. Not until our son graduates from


college.



She said,



I'm sick and tired of driving that old Dodge, I want a new car.



I said,



I


promise, just three more semesters and he'll be out.




Next, Jane walked around to the front of the car. As she looked it over, she let out the most


blood-curdling, shrill scream I'd ever heard in 29 years of marriage.



Now, before I tell you why Jane screamed, let me tell you what the sales consultant had done.


He had ordered a large, professionally engraved sign (white letters on blue). The sign stood alone


on the hood of the little white Saturn coupe. It said



Congratulations, Jane. This car is yours.


Five


years


cancer-free.


Let's


celebrate


life.


From


Team


Saturn




Every


employee


at


Saturn


of


Albuquerque had signed the back of that sign.



Jane saw it, screamed, collapsed in my arms and cried loudly. I didn't know what to do. I was in


tears.


I


took


out


my


invoice


(


发票


)


from


the


previous


Monday,


pointing


to


the


white


coupe,


said,



No, honey, this car isn't yours. I bought you this one.



I tapped the invoice with my index


finger. Jane said,



No, I want this one right here.




While this conversation was going on, there was no one in the store. The sales consultant had


arranged it so that we could share the moment alone. Even so, it's impossible to have a lot of


privacy


when


so


many


people


are


standing


outside


the


showroom


windows


looking


in.


When


Jane screamed and collapsed in my arms, I saw everybody outside applaud and begin to cry.




1



Why did the writer visit the Saturn of Albuquerque that Friday?



A. He wanted to collect some raw materials for his story.


B. He was asked to write a report


about that car store.



C. He was told the car store was launching a price reduction activity.


D. He simply wanted to


see why the car store enjoyed so much popularity.




2



Why did the writer buy a new Saturn?



A. Because


his


car


was


so


old


that


he


didn't


want


to


drive


it


any


longer.


B. Because


Jane


wanted a new car for her fifth anniversary of being cancer- free.



C. Because he wanted to mark his wife's fifth anniversary of being cancer-free.


D. Because he


thought the car could be helpful to his wife's recovery from cancer.




3



When did the writer decide upon the white car?



A. On the next Tuesday. B. On the first Friday.



C. On the second Wednesday.


D. On the first Saturday.




4



How did Jane feel when she saw the sign on the car?



A. Surprised and thrilled.


B. Angry but satisfied.



C. Shocked and frightened.


D. Skeptical but overjoyed.




5



Whi ch of the following belongs to the most wonderful part of this story?



A. Paying cash for a new Saturn.


B. Picking up the new car in the store.



C. The couple's conversation on the street.


D. The writer's first visit to the car store.




6



The purpose of the writer writing this story is ________.



A. to introduce a new type of car B. to tell readers of his lovely wife



C. to sing high praise for a car store D. to show his deep love for his wife


< /p>


【答案】



1



D




2



C




3



A




4



A

< br>



5



B




6



C



【解析】


【分析】本题是一篇记叙文 ,作者通过给妻子买车的经历,使作者明白了这家车


店如此红火的原因。



(1)


考查推理判断。根据第二段"


I was curious. How does a car dealership get 72 percent of its


first-time


visitors


to


return?


And


how


can


they


sell


six


to


eight


cars


a


day


in


a


declining


car


market?“


;以及第三 段中的


”When



I walked into Saturn of Albuquerque that Friday…


"可知作


者星期五去的目的是想了解一下这家车店为何如此受欢迎,因此选


D




(2)


考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"


I


don't


know


if


you


remember,


but


today's


my


fifth


anniversary of being cancer-free.


"以及第五段中的


“Still not knowing what to do to mark this


special


occasion,


I


did


the


most


impetuous


thing


I've


ever


done


in


my


life:


I


bought


a


new


Saturn. ”


可知,作 者这样做的目的是庆祝他的妻子摆脱癌症第五个周年纪念日,故选


C



(3)


考查细节理解。根据第 六段中的


““On Tuesday, it dawned on me that Jane always wanted a


white car. I called the sales consultant...”


可知,星期二,作 者突然想到,


Jane


一直想要一辆白


色的车,于是打电话给汽车销售顾问,因此作者是在在下一个星期二决定买白色汽车的,


故选


A




( 4)


考查推理判断。第七段讲述了作者故意隐瞒已经买车的事实,用孩子没毕业做理由拒 绝


妻子的换车的要求,再结合第八段中的



“she let out the most blood


-curdling, shrill scream I'd


ever heard in 29 years of marriage.”


和第十段中的


“Jane saw it, screamed, collapsed in my arms


and c


ried loudly. ”


的内容,可推知


Jane


看到标牌一定非常惊讶和激动,因此选


A< /p>




(5)


考查 推理判断。结合全文内容可以看出提车这一部分是全文最精彩的部分,主要体现几


个方面 :



一进门就能看到那辆车;



对妻子喜爱白车的描述;



销售人员的做法;



作者妻子的反应,因此选


B




(6)


考查写作意 图。第一段和第二段介绍了车店生意红火,下文作者买车更是证明了这家车


店的优秀,作 者在这家店的买车经历,令妻子感到惊喜和幸福,作者对购买过程非常满


意,因此作者是 在高度赞扬这家车店,故选


C




【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和写作意图三个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅


读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行推理,归纳,从而选出正确答案。





6

< p>


阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(


A



B



C



D


)中,选出最佳选项。


It's almost camp season!



Summer is wonderful. Summer at one of the following awesome camps? Even more wonderful.



Tahosa High Adventure Base



Location: Ward, Colorado



People puzzle: Tahosa's ropes courses are some of the nation's best. Use your hands, feet and


brains to take up high-flying challenges and overcome your fears. Fly fishing at 9,000 feet? Yes.


Fishing licenses or experience needed? No, sir!



Choose your adventure: Go all-inclusive, where the staff prepares meals and runs the program,


or take control and plan your perfect week. The choice is yours.



Camp Raymond



Location: Parks, Arizona




Don't


look


down:


When


looking


up


at


the


stars,


light


pollution


is


your


enemy.


But


Camp


Raymond's


location


and


elevation


(


海拔


)


of


6,700


feet


offer


perfect


conditions


for


seeing

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-